Rhinovirus-Induced Modulation of Gene Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells From

Rhinovirus-induced modulation of gene expression in bronchial epithelial cells from subjects with asthma

YA Bochkov, KM Hanson, S Keles, RA Brockman-Schneider, NN Jarjour, and JE Gern

Online supplementary materials

Supplementary Table 1 Comparison of genes up-regulated (≥ 2-fold) in normal and asthmatic PBE cells after RV1A infection.

Supplementary Table 2 Comparison of genes down-regulated (≥ 4-fold) in normal and asthmatic PBE cells after RV1A infection.

Supplementary Table 3 Twenty genes with the greatest up-regulation in either normal or asthmatic PBE cells after RV1A infection (HG Focus genechip).

Supplementary Table 4 Genes revealed differences in expression (≥ 1.5-fold) between asthmatic and normal PBE cells after RV1A infection.

Supplementary Table 5 Reference positions of SYBR Green real-time PCR primers (custom PCR array # CAPH0280, SuperArray) used for microarray data validation.

Supplementary Table 6 SYBR Green real-time PCR primers used for microarray data validation.

Methods

Supplementary Table 1 Comparison of genes up-regulated (≥ 2-fold) in normal and asthmatic PBE cells after RV1A infection.

NI vs NM / AI vs AM
№ / Gene symbol / Fold Difference / Adjusted p-value / Fold Difference / Adjusted p-value
1 / CXCL3 / 12.21 / 0.016 / 12.55 / 0.017
2 / CXCL2 / 6.73 / 0.013 / 7.25 / 0.025
3 / IL8a / 5.68 / 0.013 / 5.69 / 0.026
4 / CSF3 / 5.38 / 0.015 / 7.15 / 0.014
5 / IL1R2a / 5.09 / 0.014 / 7.52 / 0.031
6 / CXCL1 / 4.66 / 0.016 / 4.08 / 0.028
7 / EGR1a / 4.57 / 0.014 / 4.44 / 0.045
8 / SERPINB2 / 4.44 / 0.008 / 5.34 / 0.029
9 / TNFAIP3a / 3.92 / 0.022 / 3.87 / 0.021
10 / CCL20 / 3.77 / 0.020 / 4.54 / 0.050
11 / IL13RA2 / 3.73 / 0.032 / 4.68 / 0.039
12 / CSF2 / 3.55 / 0.012 / 3.23 / 0.032
13 / IL1F9 / 3.54 / 0.027 / 6.01 / 0.036
14 / SPRR2B / 3.13 / 0.032 / 4.45 / 0.032
15 / ZC3H12A / 3.08 / 0.021 / 3.21 / 0.025
16 / IL6 / 2.93 / 0.030 / 3.67 / 0.040
17 / NFKBIZ / 2.82 / 0.039 / 3.24 / 0.028
18 / 1558048_x_atb,c / 2.72 / 0.229 / 3.05 / 0.046
19 / S100A3 / 2.70 / 0.014 / 2.62 / 0.028
20 / SOCS3 / 2.66 / 0.012 / 3.31 / 0.038
21 / NFKBIA / 2.66 / 0.025 / 2.66 / 0.030
22 / KRT75 / 2.63 / 0.023 / 3.22 / 0.031
23 / FLJ23438d / 2.61 / 0.028 / 2.08 / 0.064
24 / OASLa, d / 2.60 / 0.022 / 2.23 / 0.093
25 / IL1RNa / 2.60 / 0.020 / 2.66 / 0.032
26 / SNORA68d / 2.57 / 0.016 / 1.69 / 0.062
27 / PTGS2d / 2.47 / 0.042 / 3.17 / 0.050
28 / IGFBP3d / 2.42 / 0.049 / 2.09 / 0.158
29 / IL24 / 2.42 / 0.017 / 3.96 / 0.032
30 / TNF / 2.41 / 0.028 / 3.35 / 0.034
31 / LOC386597 / 2.40 / 0.017 / 2.19 / 0.033
32 / CCL5a,d / 2.38 / 0.029 / 2.34 / 0.090
33 / TMEM158 / 2.33 / 0.017 / 2.20 / 0.031
34 / LOC201175 / 2.33 / 0.013 / 2.50 / 0.033
35 / EDN1a / 2.31 / 0.017 / 2.25 / 0.040
36 / KLF4a / 2.30 / 0.010 / 2.90 / 0.032
37 / IFI44d / 2.29 / 0.025 / 1.50 / 0.169
38 / HBEGFa / 2.29 / 0.010 / 2.47 / 0.036
39 / FOSL1 / 2.29 / 0.012 / 2.32 / 0.017
40 / APOBEC3Bd / 2.28 / 0.030 / 1.95 / 0.081
41 / NR1D1 / 2.28 / 0.019 / 2.08 / 0.041
42 / SOCS1d / 2.27 / 0.025 / 2.43 / 0.051
43 / AHNAK / 2.20 / 0.012 / 2.43 / 0.025
44 / CDC42SE1d / 2.18 / 0.018 / 1.99 / 0.090
45 / IL28Ad / 2.13 / 0.014 / 1.59 / 0.115
46 / PPP1R15Aa / 2.13 / 0.015 / 2.58 / 0.025
47 / LOC654342 / 2.10 / 0.015 / 2.33 / 0.029
48 / CSNK1E / 2.09 / 0.017 / 2.04 / 0.030
49 / SOD2 / 2.09 / 0.031 / 2.59 / 0.037
50 / SLC22A8d / 2.04 / 0.026 / 1.71 / 0.036
51 / MATN4d / 2.03 / 0.022 / 1.73 / 0.064
52 / IRS2a / 2.01 / 0.026 / 2.31 / 0.027
53 / 1569263_atb,d / 2.00 / 0.028 / 1.95 / 0.074
54 / IGFL1d / 2.00 / 0.014 / 1.93 / 0.087
55 / GJB6c / 1.98 / 0.023 / 2.25 / 0.041
56 / DKFZp547E087c / 1.98 / 0.026 / 2.05 / 0.033
57 / MGLLc / 1.96 / 0.016 / 2.09 / 0.029
58 / SNX8c / 1.95 / 0.018 / 2.23 / 0.033
59 / HSPC159c / 1.93 / 0.012 / 2.33 / 0.041
60 / 232300_atb,c / 1.93 / 0.032 / 2.08 / 0.036
61 / HS3ST1c / 1.93 / 0.023 / 2.19 / 0.040
62 / HS3ST2c / 1.92 / 0.013 / 2.07 / 0.034
63 / IL23Ac / 1.91 / 0.016 / 2.58 / 0.034
64 / C15orf48c / 1.90 / 0.025 / 2.14 / 0.050
65 / ADRB2c / 1.90 / 0.005 / 2.24 / 0.043
66 / G0S2c / 1.82 / 0.016 / 2.01 / 0.037
67 / FSTc / 1.78 / 0.018 / 2.02 / 0.032
68 / SH2D5c / 1.78 / 0.020 / 2.01 / 0.031
69 / CIRBPc / 1.77 / 0.005 / 2.03 / 0.034

Abbreviations: NI, normal infected; NM, normal mock-infected; AI, asthma infected, AM, asthma mock-infected.

aThese genes had more than one probe set that revealed similar expression changes; corresponding fold changes and p-values were averaged.

bGene symbols are not available for these probe sets.

cThese genes were selected from AI vs. AM comparison at 2-fold cutoff (adjusted P<0.05).

dThese genes were selected from NI vs. NM comparison at 2-fold cutoff (adjusted P<0.05).


Supplementary Table 2 Comparison of genes down-regulated (≥ 4-fold) in normal and asthmatic PBE cells after RV1A infection.

NI vs NM / AI vs AM
№ / Gene symbol / Fold Difference / Adjusted p-value / Fold Difference / Adjusted p-value
1 / 225123_ata / 9.07 / 0.019 / 8.41 / 0.032
2 / IVNS1ABP / 8.60 / 0.012 / 8.31 / 0.038
3 / ITGB6 / 6.95 / 0.017 / 8.94 / 0.025
4 / DLG1b / 5.71 / 0.018 / 5.35 / 0.032
5 / TIA1 / 5.60 / 0.030 / 4.40 / 0.040
6 / FN1b / 5.56 / 0.012 / 4.11 / 0.045
7 / SLITRK6c / 5.35 / 0.024 / 4.21 / 0.071
8 / PCMTD1b / 5.25 / 0.024 / 5.15 / 0.030
9 / ACSL3b / 5.23 / 0.036 / 4.31 / 0.033
10 / UHRF2 / 5.01 / 0.030 / 4.42 / 0.033
11 / CDKN2B / 4.99 / 0.012 / 4.50 / 0.033
12 / PLOD2b / 4.99 / 0.034 / 4.65 / 0.042
13 / FLRT2 / 4.91 / 0.025 / 5.16 / 0.035
14 / MAF / 4.81 / 0.008 / 5.43 / 0.033
15 / GBP3c / 4.81 / 0.030 / 3.94 / 0.039
16 / SFRS12c / 4.81 / 0.024 / 3.38 / 0.037
17 / KITLGc / 4.80 / 0.017 / 3.61 / 0.036
18 / SMC4c / 4.76 / 0.034 / 2.68 / 0.038
19 / KIAA0372b / 4.76 / 0.025 / 3.12 / 0.045
20 / SLC39A10c / 4.75 / 0.031 / 4.40 / 0.061
21 / ELK4c / 4.57 / 0.040 / 3.55 / 0.043
22 / DSTc / 4.51 / 0.024 / 2.50 / 0.046
23 / ABCD3c / 4.44 / 0.039 / 3.78 / 0.055
24 / UBR1c / 4.43 / 0.045 / 3.87 / 0.058
25 / ZNF323 / 4.41 / 0.018 / 5.14 / 0.025
26 / STON2 / 4.30 / 0.019 / 5.16 / 0.034
27 / SPG11 / 4.29 / 0.032 / 4.14 / 0.037
28 / RSBN1c / 4.26 / 0.038 / 3.90 / 0.055
29 / PRKACBc / 4.25 / 0.024 / 3.69 / 0.029
30 / ADAM10c / 4.24 / 0.032 / 3.15 / 0.034
31 / TP53INP1 / 4.24 / 0.016 / 4.34 / 0.039
32 / RPEc / 4.22 / 0.038 / 4.07 / 0.053
33 / SLC35B3 / 4.19 / 0.028 / 4.19 / 0.048
34 / TOP2Bc / 4.19 / 0.050 / 3.42 / 0.055
35 / RANBP2c / 4.18 / 0.036 / 3.17 / 0.048
36 / SFRS7c / 4.18 / 0.028 / 3.68 / 0.036
37 / PDCD4c / 4.18 / 0.018 / 3.19 / 0.030
38 / BNIP3Lc / 4.17 / 0.042 / 4.07 / 0.076
39 / LAMP2 / 4.17 / 0.032 / 4.13 / 0.046
40 / TXNDC10c / 4.08 / 0.040 / 3.60 / 0.049
41 / MAN2A1c / 4.07 / 0.032 / 4.63 / 0.052
42 / YIPF5 / 4.06 / 0.037 / 5.06 / 0.041
43 / RASA1 / 4.03 / 0.043 / 4.25 / 0.044
44 / ATRc / 4.02 / 0.040 / 2.96 / 0.058
45 / SESN3c / 4.01 / 0.013 / 3.88 / 0.030
46 / AGPSc / 3.99 / 0.039 / 3.54 / 0.037
47 / TTC3 / 3.99 / 0.029 / 4.11 / 0.037
48 / 224989_ata,c / 3.99 / 0.013 / 3.90 / 0.029
49 / 226532_ata,d / 3.97 / 0.031 / 4.41 / 0.044
50 / RUNX2d / 3.95 / 0.012 / 4.76 / 0.041
51 / 232615_ata,d / 3.90 / 0.032 / 5.23 / 0.022
52 / ENC1d / 3.74 / 0.008 / 4.51 / 0.029
53 / COL5A2d / 3.61 / 0.020 / 4.54 / 0.043
54 / KIAA1715d / 3.56 / 0.032 / 4.00 / 0.035
55 / DKFZP761M1511d / 3.47 / 0.016 / 5.02 / 0.037
56 / 225227_ata,d / 3.45 / 0.049 / 4.09 / 0.043
57 / VCANb / 3.42 / 0.023 / 4.71 / 0.037
58 / IVNS1ABPb / 3.35 / 0.019 / 4.13 / 0.030
59 / SERPINE1d / 3.13 / 0.018 / 4.10 / 0.026
60 / MAP1Bd / 2.54 / 0.033 / 4.40 / 0.029
61 / 233770_ata,d / 2.18 / 0.040 / 4.24 / 0.042

Abbreviations: NI, normal infected; NM, normal mock-infected; AI, asthma infected, AM, asthma mock-infected.

aGene symbols are not available for these probe sets.

bThese genes had more than one probe set that revealed similar expression changes; corresponding fold changes and p-values were averaged.

cThese genes were selected from NI vs. NM comparison at 4-fold cutoff (adjusted P<0.05).

dThese genes were selected from AI vs. AM comparison at 4-fold cutoff (adjusted P<0.05).


Supplementary Table 3 Twenty genes with the greatest up-regulation in either normal or asthmatic PBE cells after RV1A infection (HG Focus genechip).

NI vs NM / AI vs AM
№ / Gene symbol / Fold Difference / P-valuea / Gene symbol / Fold Difference / P-valuea
1 / CXCL3 / 36.7 / 3.3E-07 / CXCL2 / 6.6 / 1.0E-05
2 / IL8 / 20.7 / 8.2E-05 / CXCL3 / 5.6 / 4.1E-04
3 / CXCL2 / 9.4 / 1.7E-06 / IL8 / 4.4 / 1.5E-02
4 / CXCL1 / 6.2 / 3.5E-05 / CXCL1 / 3.9 / 4.7E-04
5 / CCL20 / 5.7 / 4.1E-03 / CCL20 / 3.8 / 2.0E-02
6 / IL6 / 5.6 / 3.0E-03 / NFKBIA / 2.7 / 1.6E-04
7 / TNFAIP3 / 4.9 / 2.5E-05 / OASL / 2.3 / 2.0E-02
8 / HBEGF / 4.4 / 3.3E-05 / CD80 / 2.3 / 9.5E-06
9 / TCF21 / 4.3 / 2.5E-04 / PADI4 / 2.2 / 9.5E-05
10 / BCL2A1 / 4.2 / 1.5E-04 / ERN1 / 2.2 / 1.2E-03
11 / INHBA / 4.2 / 1.5E-05 / GNG13 / 2.2 / 7.9E-03
12 / FOXD2 / 4.1 / 3.6E-05 / PHOX2A / 2.2 / 3.9E-04
13 / CSF2 / 4.1 / 2.3E-05 / ATP12A / 2.1 / 1.3E-04
14 / CCL27 / 4.1 / 9.8E-05 / ISGF3G / 2.1 / 2.5E-03
15 / MDS1 / 4.0 / 7.7E-06 / GABRQ / 2.1 / 4.1E-03
16 / KCNC1 / 3.9 / 1.6E-03 / HBB / 2.1 / 6.8E-03
17 / SULT1C2 / 3.8 / 4.5E-05 / DLG2 / 2.1 / 1.3E-02
18 / HBA2 / 3.8 / 1.6E-03 / GPR35 / 2.0 / 2.0E-04
19 / CNGB1 / 3.8 / 3.0E-04 / S100A3 / 2.0 / 1.5E-03
20 / CD96 / 3.7 / 3.0E-04 / TNFAIP3 / 2.0 / 1.1E-02

Abbreviations: NI, normal infected; NM, normal mock-infected; AI asthmatic infected, AM, asthmatic mock-infected.

aNominal P-values from paired t-test comparisons.


Supplementary Table 4 Genes revealed differences in expression (≥ 1.5-fold) between asthmatic and normal PBE cells after RV1A infection.

№ / Gene symbol / Fold Difference / P valuea
1 / LOXL2 / 2.3 / 0.010
2 / MMP10b / 2.2 / 0.040
3 / C15orf48 / 2.2 / 0.008
4 / LOC401074 / 2.1 / 0.004
5 / CCDC58 / 2.1 / 0.010
6 / INHBA / 2.1 / 0.045
7 / IL1F9b / 2.0 / 0.004
8 / ZNF85 / 1.8 / 0.008
9 / ICAM1 / 1.8 / 0.013
10 / EFNA1 / 1.8 / 0.020
11 / TUBA1Ab / 1.8 / 0.008
12 / NUCB2 / 1.7 / 0.012
13 / GABARAPL1 / 1.7 / 0.013
14 / SCD5 / 1.7 / 0.034
15 / RAB11FIP1c / 1.7 / 0.007
16 / FYN c / 1.7 / 0.008
17 / RNASE7 / 1.6 / 0.045
18 / GPR109B / 1.6 / 0.022
19 / CSF3b / 1.6 / 0.022
20 / CCND2 / 1.6 / 0.041
21 / IL1Bb,c / 1.6 / 0.023
22 / CYGB / 1.6 / 0.050
23 / GRHL3 / 1.6 / 0.018
24 / SOX4 / 1.6 / 0.024
25 / MSRB3 / 1.6 / 0.048
26 / PLAU / 1.6 / 0.012
27 / GOLGA4 / 1.6 / 0.045
28 / C9orf150 / 1.5 / 0.020
29 / NFKBIZb / 1.5 / 0.040
30 / SELM / 1.5 / 0.041
31 / CDKN2B / 1.5 / 0.027
32 / IL8b / 1.5 / 0.003
33 / C21orf63 / -1.5d / 0.045
34 / RGMB / -1.5 / 0.042
35 / ZNF503 / -1.6 / 0.025
36 / EFCAB2 / -1.6 / 0.007
37 / EDNRA / -1.6 / 0.044
38 / LOC729680 / -1.7 / 0.000
39 / PLLP / -1.7 / 0.031
40 / MPPE1 / -1.7 / 0.036
41 / IFI44 / -2.1 / 0.002
42 / MSMB / -3.6 / 0.031

aNominal P values from unpaired t-test

bThese genes were either up- or down-regulated after RV1A infection in normal and/or asthmatic cells at 2-fold cutoff.

cThese genes had more than one probe set that revealed similar expression changes; corresponding fold changes and p-values were averaged.

dNegative numbers indicate down-regulation in asthmatic cells.


Supplementary Table 5 Reference positions of SYBR Green real-time PCR primers (custom PCR array # CAPH0280, SuperArray) used for microarray data validation.

Target gene / Sequence accession number
(GenBank) / Reference Position / Amplicon size (bp)
FN1
SPARC
LOXL2
IL1B
IL6
IL8
IL24
IL1F9
ICAM1
ADAM19
IFI44 / NM_002026
NM_003118
NM_002318
NM_000576
NM_000600
NM_000584
NM_006850
NM_019618
NM_000201
NM_033274.2
NM_006417.4 / 1991-2013
330-348
2239-2259
686-707
701-720
274-293
1885-1909
206-225
1626-1644
2248-2268
1276-1294 / 90
106
89
190
160
126
141
100
122
108
90

Abbreviations: bp, base pairs.


Supplementary Table 6 SYBR Green real-time PCR primers used for microarray data validation.

Target gene / Sequence( 5’-3’) / Primer
length / Amplicon size (bp)
ACTB-f
ACTB-r
CXCL3-f
CXCL3-r
EGR1-f
EGR1-r
IL1R2-f
IL1R2-r
NFKBIZ-f
NFKBIZ-r
CSF3-f
CSF3-r
CCL20-f
CCL20-r
CCL5-f
CCL5-r
INHBA-f
INHBA-r
IFNB1-f
IFNB1-r
IL28-f
IL28-r
IL29-f
IL29-r / ACAATGAGCTGCGTGTGGCT
ATCTTCTCGCGGTTGGCCTT
GGAGCACCAACTGACAGGAG
TAAGGGCAGGGACCACC
GCCCTCAATACCAGCTACCA
TCCACTGGGCAAGCGTAA
TCCTCCACTTCCCGTGTCCT
GGCAGAAACTCCCATTACCAAC
TCTGGAACTCATTCGCCTCTT
GCAGTGTTGCCATTGTAAGCCT
GCTTGAGCCAACTCCATAGC
CAGATGGTGGTGGCAAAGTC
CAGCTGGCCAATGAAGGCT
TTTTACTGAGGAGACGCACAATA
CCCTCGCTGTCATCCTCAT
AGTGGGCGGGCAATGTA
CGGAGATCATCACGTTTGC
CACTGACAGGTCACTGCCTTC
AGGACGCCGCATTGACC
ATTCCAGCCAGTGCTAGATGA
GCTGACCGTGACTGGAGCA
GACAGGGACTTGAACTGGGCTA
TGGTGCTGGTGACTTTGGTG
GCAGCCCTTCCCAGTTGT / 20
20
19
17
20
18
20
22
21
22
20
20
19
23
19
17
19
21
17
21
19
22
20
18 / 85
80
113
78
81
133
121
106
86
83
93
83

Abbreviations: f, forward primer; r, reverse primer; bp, base pairs.