Year 8 Revision questions on Circulatory and Excretory Systems

Name: ______Form: ______

  1. What is the main function of the circulatory system?
    ______
    ______
  2. The 3 main parts of the circulatory system are ______, ______and
    ______.
  3. Blood consists of 55% of ______( the liquid part) and 45% of blood cells, including the ______, ______and ______.
  4. The red blood cells consist of a red pigment called ______( a protein with iron), which is responsible to carry ______( a gas).
  5. Draw the top and side views of a Red blood cell and a white blood cell.
  6. White blood cells have many types but they are all responsible for ______.
    Some can actually ______and digest the germs and others produce chemicals called
    ______to kill the germs directly.
  7. Blood platelets are responsible for ______when the skin is wounded.
  8. The following are the chemicals found in the blood:
  9. nutrients: glucose, amino acids, vitamins, minerals
  10. useful chemicals: hormones, proteins, antibodies, oxygen, heat
  11. wastes: carbon dioxide, urea, ammonia, heat
  12. All of these chemicals are carried by ______except oxygen is carried by ______.
  13. Glucose and oxygen are delivered by blood vessels to the living cells where respiration takes place. What are the products of the reaction between glucose and oxygen?

______

  1. How would you describe our heart?
    It is a ______organ with 4 ______. There are 2 atria or ______or 2 ______. The left side and right side of the heart are separated by ______.
  2. The circulation of blood within the heart can be represented by VAVA. What does it mean?
    ______ ______ ______ ______
  3. There are 3 main types of blood vessels: ______, ______and ______.
  1. Both veins and arteries are larger blood vessels for delivery of blood to different organs.
    Artery is a blood vessel always carries blood ______from the heart. (AAA)
    Vein is a blood vessel always carries blood ______the heart (VAT)
  2. Capillaries are very fine blood vessels, which are only ______thick. This allows the exchange of substances between the cells and blood.
    ______and ______enter the cells from the capillaries whereas wastes such as ______and ______leave the cell and enter the capillaries.
  3. Valves can be found in the heart as well as all the ______. Arteries are normally under high blood pressure and do not require valves. The main function of the valves is
    ______.
  4. Label all these parts in the diagram:
    Left ventricleRight ventricleLeft auricleRight auricle
    Pulmonary arteryPulmonary veinVena cavaAorta

ValveValve tendonseptum

  1. Blood full of oxygen is known as oxygenated blood (left side of the heart). What do you think about the colour of oxygenated blood? ______
    Deoxygenated blood is found in ______side of the heart and carries ______oxygen and is ______red in colour.
  2. Draw arrows to show the blood flow throughout the heart. Using red pen for oxygenated blood and blue pen for deoxygenated blood.
  3. There are 2 main circulations in the body:
    ______(lung) circulation in which blood circulates between the heart and the lung.
    Systemic circulation in which blood circulates between the heart and the ______.

Respiratory System

  1. The main purpose of Respiratory system is for breathing - ______is taken in and ______is given out.
  2. The Life Process so called “RESPIRATION” is, in fact, not the same as “BREATHING”.
    Respiration is the process in which ______is broken down by Oxygen to release
    ______inside all living cells.
  3. Label the diagram of the Respiratory System:

mouth, nostril, rib, rib muscle, diaphragm, throat, epiglottis, lung, trachea (air pipe), bronchus, bronchiole, air sac, larynx, nasal cavity

  1. Composition of atmospheric air and breathed out air:

Gas / Air in the atmosphere / Breathed out air
Oxygen / 21% / 16%
Carbon dioxide / 0.03% / 4%
Nitrogen / 78% / 78%
Water vapour / Small amount / 1% (saturated)
  1. Ls
  1. Which gas consists of about ¾ of the air? ______
  2. Which gas is used up by the body? How many percentage is used up? ______
  3. What percentage of carbon dioxide is in the breathed out air? ______
  4. Which gas is not been used by our body at all? ______
  1. Name all the words for:
    Breathing in air ______, ______
    Breathing out air ______, ______
  2. Arrange the following steps in order during Inhalation:
  3. This reduce the pressure inside the thorax
  4. The intercostal muscles in the ribs also contract, making the ribcage move upward and outward.
  5. Air moves through the air way of the respiratory system and eventually reaches the alveoli, filling Lungs with air
  6. The contraction of both the diaphragm and intercostal muscles increase the volume of the thorax (chest cavity)
  7. Air is rushed in from a higher air pressure to a lower one in the thorax.
  8. This inflates the lungs.
  9. Diaphragm is contracted and change the shape from Dome-shaped to flattened shape.
  10. The following shows the diagram of alveoli: explain what happens to the Blood in and Blood out.
  1. Gas exchange in aquatic animals:
    a. Name some animals which use gills for breathing.
    ______, ______, ______, ______
  1. How do fish breathe?
    Excretory System
  1. Excretion is the removal of metabolic ______from the body.
  2. There are 3 main parts involved in Excretion:
  3. The ______is used to remove sweat, salt, urea and heat from the body surface.
  4. The Lungs are used to remove ______and water vapour.
  5. The Kidneys, being part of the ______system are responsible to
    ______
  6. Blood vessels of the Kidneys:
  7. The Aorta has a branch of artery connected to the kidney called ______artery. This blood is filtered by the kidney and forms ______.
  8. The rest of the blood will be collected to the renal vein (clean blood) and then go to Vena Cava.
  9. Urine is actually formed from blood: It is different from blood in chemical composition:

Blood / Urine
Blood cells / Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets / No blood cells at all
Colour / Red because of Red blood cells or Haemoglobin / Not red, slightly yellow like the plasma of blood
Protein / Lots of different proteins / No proteins
Urea (metabolic waste) / Relatively small amount / More concentrated
  1. The kidney actually form urine every second, it is transported by the ______is stored in the urinary ______to be emptied when it is full.
  2. The Urethra is a narrow tube from the bladder for the urine to pass out. It is a lot longer in male, found in the middle of the ______.