REVIEW FOR CHAPTER 4 TEST

THE HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT

______

Questions 1-2 refer to Figure TB4.1 below:

  1. The figure above illustrates what concept?
  1. Assume that the figure above illustrates the characteristics of a tribe on a small Pacific island. What are some plausible explanation for the shape of the graph?
  1. Why do people of Bangladesh occupy low-lying coastal areas of their country, areas that were susceptible to devastating monsoon flooding?
  1. Decreased death rate and the accelerated rate of human population growth are related to ______.
  1. The “demographic transition” refers to ______.
  1. In a developing country, chronic diseases account for a ______proportion of total mortality. Acute diseases account for a ______proportion of total mortality.
  1. Rapid human population growth puts an especially heavy burden on ______.
  1. In primitive countries, breast feeding slows population growth because ______.
  1. Human demography suggests that an improving economy in a country correlates with ______.
  1. The demographic transition occurs in three stages. Under which circumstance is a nation UNable to make the transition from stage II to stage III?
  1. How rapidly a population changes depends most upon ______.
  1. The crude growth rate is defined as ______.
  1. The basic concepts of population growth and change are known as ______.
  1. The simplest and one of the least controversial means of slowing population growth is ______.
  1. Calculate the doubling time of the population in Kellertopia. The annual population growth in this fictional country is 5.0 %.
  1. The growth rate of the human population has increased over the last few hundred years due to all of the following reasons except ______.
  1. The current population of DemographicaIsland is 10 million inhabitants, and the population is doubling every 10 years. Current agriculture on Demographica could feed 20 million people, and technological improvement is expanding that capacity by 1 million every year. Given only this information, when will there be a food shortage on the island?
  1. In June 2001, 17,800,000 people inhabited DemographicaIsland. During the time period from 2000 to 2001, 301,000 births were recorded. During the same period of time 120,000 deaths occurred. Calculate the growth rate (in %) for DemographicaIsland.

Question 21 refers to Fig. TB4.2 below:

  1. Examine the graph above illustrating the age distribution of people in a tribe in the Amazon basin. What might be the significance, from a demographic standpoint, of this distribution for the future of this population?
  1. What is the term that describes individuals leaving a population?
  1. A population has a growth rate of 2-percent per year? How long will it take for this population to double?
  1. An age-structure pyramid is used to ______
  1. Which of the fallowing are exhibited by k-select organisms?

I. Slow maturation

II. Many small offspring

III. Reproduction occurs late in life

  1. A population cycle that is marked by regular increases and decreases in its numbers is correctly said to be______
  1. The demographic transition model is used to study the ______
  1. Give examples of density independent population factors?
  1. When a population encounters environmental resistance it is most likely to ______
  1. A population’s growth can best be calculated using what equation?

CHAPTER 4 SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

  1. The diagram above illustrates the three main types of survivorship curves. Describe the characteristics of a population that displays each of the types of survivorship curves and give and example of a population that would exhibit that particular type of survivorship curve.

Type I:

Type II:

Type III:

  1. What is the difference between an r-strategist species and a k-strategist species? Describe the characteristics of each strategy and give one example of a species that exhibits each strategy.