ADDENDUM 3:
Regional digital radio planning
Results of prediction and allotment studies for areas within 400 km of Sydney
SEPTEMBER 2016
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Introduction
Aggregation of commercial licence areas – considering adjacent channel interference to TV
Appendix A
Planning parameters
Appendix B
Interference calculation settings
Appendix C
Differential affected populations
Introduction
This Addendum to the report Regional digital radio planning - Results of prediction and allotment studies for areas within 400 km of Sydney provides the results of additional studies conducted using the revised planning parameters.
The effect of aggregating a limited number of commercial licence areas is analysed with the revised planning parameters, taking into account adjacent channel interference into TV services. The results for similar studies are presented in the main report and Addendum 1, however, the aggregation studies undertaken previously did not attempt to minimise adjacent channel interference into television services.
Aggregation of commercial licence areas – considering adjacent channel interference to TV
Two previous case studies that examined the impact of aggregating commercial licence areas have been further analysed totake into account the effect of the adjacent channel interference into TV services.The previous case studies were presented in in the main report and Addendum 1. The estimates of the populations affected by interference to VHF television reception are shown in Appendix D of the main report.
A matrix of pairwise interference interactions for all licence areas, using the revised planning parameters, has been used in this study (see Appendix C). This matrix was used as the input to the optimisation algorithm.
It was assumed that allotments 3 and 4 are adjacent to the VHF TV services, (allotments ‘1’ and ‘2’ which are used in Sydney were excluded because they are not adjacent to VHF TV services). For each combination (or set) of allotments considered by the algorithm, the additional interference estimated to occur to television for licence areas on allotments 3 and 4 was added to the total DAB to DAB interference for that set of allotments. The output of the algorithm was the set of allotments that minimised the sum of the DAB to DAB and DAB to TV interference counts.
The first step of the study was to determine the optimised allotments with no aggregations assumed, for 5/3 and 6/2 scenarios when interference into TV is considered. These allotments are shown in Tables 1 and 2 and they were then used to determine interference counts for each licence area individually using the CHIRplus software. These interference counts are presented in Table 7 under the ‘No aggregation’ columns.
Table 1Optimised 5/3 scenario allotments with no aggregation - revised planning parameters including adjacent TV interference
Allotment 1 / Allotment 2 / Allotment 3 / Allotment 4 / Allotment 5Armidale / Bathurst / Adjacent / Adjacent / Campbelltown
Cooma / Bega / Goulburn / Gosford / Canberra
Dubbo / Gunnedah / Katoomba / Lithgow / Mudgee
Sydney / Kempsey / Newcastle / Nowra / Muswellbrook
Young / Sydney / Orange / Parkes / Taree
Wagga Wagga / Tamworth / Wollongong
Table 2Optimised 6/2 scenario allotments with no aggregation - revised planning parameters including adjacent TV interference
Allotment 1 / Allotment 2 / Allotment 3 / Allotment 4 / Allotment 5 / Allotment 6Armidale / Bathurst / Adjacent / Adjacent / Goulburn / Canberra
Bega / Cooma / Campbelltown / Newcastle / Katoomba / Gosford
Dubbo / Kempsey / Young / Nowra / Mudgee / Gunnedah
Sydney / Sydney / Orange / Muswellbrook / Lithgow
Wagga Wagga / Tamworth / Taree / Parkes
Wollongong
The next step was to determine the optimised allotmentsfor the two aggregation case studies and the two allotment scenarios being considered (i.e. the 5/3 and 6/2 allotment scenarios) where:
Case study 1 assumed Campbelltown /Katoomba /Lithgow licence areas aggregation.
Case study 2 assumed Campbelltown/Katoomba/Lithgow, Gosford/Newcastle, and Nowra/Wollongong aggregations.
The output of the optimisation algorithm produced the optimised frequency allotments for the two case studies and scenarios 5/3 and 6/2 as shown in Table 3to Table 6.
Table 3Optimised 5/3 scenario allotments for aggregation case study 1- revised planning parametersincluding adjacent TV interference
Allotment 1 / Allotment 2 / Allotment 3 / Allotment 4 / Allotment 5Cooma / Bathurst / Adjacent / Adjacent / Campbelltown/
Katoomba/
Lithgow
Dubbo / Bega / Gosford / Newcastle
Kempsey / Gunnedah / Goulburn / Nowra
Sydney / Sydney / Muswellbrook / Orange / Armidale
Tamworth / Taree / Parkes / Canberra
Young / Wagga Wagga / Wollongong / Mudgee
Table 4Optimised 5/3 scenario allotments for aggregation case study 2-
revised planning parametersincluding adjacent TV interference
Cooma / Bathurst / Adjacent / Adjacent / Campbelltown/
Katoomba/
Lithgow
Dubbo / Bega / Gosford/
Newcastle / Nowra/
Wollongong
Kempsey / Gunnedah
Sydney / Sydney / Goulburn / Muswellbrook / Armidale
Tamworth / Taree / Parkes / Orange / Canberra
Young / Wagga Wagga / Mudgee
Table 5Optimised 6/2 scenario allotments for modified aggregation case study 1 - revised planning parametersincluding adjacent TV interference
Allotment 1 / Allotment 2 / Allotment 3 / Allotment 4 / Allotment 5 / Allotment 6Bega / Bathurst / Adjacent / Adjacent / Campbelltown/
Katoomba/
Lithgow / Armidale
Dubbo / Cooma / Newcastle / Muswellbrook / Gosford
Sydney / Kempsey / Nowra / Orange / Goulburn
Taree / Sydney / Young / Wollongong / Canberra / Mudgee
Wagga Wagga / Tamworth / Gunnedah
Parkes
Table 6Optimised 6/2 scenario allotments for aggregation case study 2 -
revised planning parametersincluding adjacent TV interference
Cooma / Bathurst / Adjacent / Adjacent / Campbelltown/
Katoomba/
Lithgow / Gosford/
Newcastle
Gunnedah / Kempsey / Bega / Nowra/
Wollongong
Sydney / Sydney / Muswellbrook / Dubbo
Taree / Tamworth / Orange / Parkes / Armidale / Goulburn
Young / Wagga Wagga / Canberra
Mudgee
For the 5/3 scenario and case study 1 the optimised allotments are effectively identical to those in Addendum 1 where no adjacent channel interference into TV was considered[1]. The reason for such outcome is that for this scenario the co-channel digital radio interference is more dominant compared to the adjacent channel interference into TV. Therefore, while different allotments may improve the interference into TV services, they are more likely to cause an increase in the digital radio co-channel interference which would exceed the improvement. For case study 2 and the 5/3 scenario, it was observed that it is rather similar to that when no adjacent channel interference into TV was considered. The only difference is that the Taree licence area was moved to Allotment 2 (co-channelled with Sydney), whereas it was previously on the same allotment with Nowra/Wollongong, Muswellbrook and Orange.
The optimised allotments were analysed in the CHIRplus software to estimate theDAB to DAB interference for each set of licence areas with the same allotment (i.e. would be co-channelled). The estimates of the interfered population counts are presented in Table 7. It can be observed that both aggregation case studies provide significant improvements (in terms of DAB to DAB interference) relative to the non-aggregation studies. Significant improvements can be observed in the Campbelltown, Katoomba, Lithgow, Newcastle and Nowra licence areas.
For the 5/3 scenario, case study 2 offers some additional improvements relative to case study 1, most notably in the Gosford and Wollongong licence areas. The overall improvement achieved in case study 2 is about 50,000 people, relative to case study 1. It should also be noted that in case study 1, a significant increase in interference has been estimated in the Gosford licence area primarily due to it being co-channelled with Wollongong.
For the 6/2 scenario, the overall improvement achieved in case study 2 is only about 3,400 people, relative to case study 1. Moreover, it can be observed that in many licence areas, population counts under both case studies are identical or similar. The reason for such an outcome is that with the revised planning parameters, 6 frequency blocks appear to be sufficient with a small number of aggregations, so the additional aggregations under case study 2 do not offer significant improvements.
It may also be of interest to note that case study 2 for the 5/3 scenario achieved an overall interference count which was rather similar the interference counts for both case studies under 6/2 scenario.
It should also be noted that the total figures in Table 7also include the self-interference across all licence areas which is estimated to be about 27,000. This interference is residual and cannot be avoided. This implies that the additional interference caused by co-channelling different licence areas should be observed as a difference between total figures in Table 7 for each scenario, and this residual self-interference of about 27,000.
When compared to the results of the aggregation study presented in Table 15 of the main report, while the overall interference counts are significantly lower for the revised planning parameters, the general trends are reasonably similar. That is for both sets of planning parameters, the 5/3 scenario appears to require the greater aggregation levels of case study 2 to give an acceptable result, while, under the 6/2 scenario lower levels of aggregation appear to give acceptable results.
Table 7Comparison of the interfered with population counts for each licence area and different scenarios – reduced power and revised planning parameters including adjacent TV interference
5/3 Results / 6/2 Scenario ResultsLicence area / No aggregation / Case study 1 / Case study 2 / No aggregation / Case study 1 / Case study 2
Armidale / 0 / 20 / 20 / 0 / 23 / 20
Bathurst / 824 / 710 / 710 / 609 / 609 / 690
Bega / 688 / 667 / 667 / 683 / 683 / 522
Campbelltown / 97167 / 1157 / 1157 / 0 / 1154 / 1157
Canberra / 64 / 1027 / 1027 / 911 / 1018 / 1022
Cooma / 184 / 184 / 184 / 159 / 159 / 184
Dubbo / 359 / 401 / 401 / 9 / 16 / 0
Gosford / 7166 / 32657 / 3603 / 9532 / 1051 / 3600
Goulburn / 3855 / 903 / 401 / 313 / 376 / 354
Gunnedah / 28 / 94 / 94 / 84 / 87 / 92
Katoomba / 38787 / 207 / 207 / 9907 / 207 / 207
Kempsey / 523 / 476 / 476 / 476 / 476 / 476
Lithgow / 38790 / 1791 / 1791 / 43615 / 737 / 1791
Mudgee / 1243 / 485 / 485 / 965 / 21 / 485
Muswellbrook / 1302 / 1617 / 518 / 2597 / 480 / 388
Newcastle / 30476 / 2812 / 884 / 2734 / 948 / 854
Nowra / 27303 / 9650 / 4612 / 9638 / 7658 / 1299
Orange / 1336 / 37 / 239 / 37 / 230 / 197
Parkes / 165 / 89 / 89 / 261 / 261 / 69
Sydney / 12137 / 13023 / 13023 / 13250 / 15988 / 16088
Sydney / 13481 / 17350 / 13330 / 13756 / 13756 / 13532
Tamworth / 70 / 152 / 152 / 14 / 14 / 14
Taree / 150 / 339 / 339 / 184 / 428 / 461
Wagga / 170 / 181 / 181 / 160 / 160 / 187
Wollongong / 8235 / 12189 / 2038 / 21417 / 1387 / 923
Young / 149 / 262 / 262 / 16 / 179 / 117
Total / 284652 / 98480 / 46890 / 131327 / 48106 / 44729
Evaluating the effect of increasing the maximum power for one area
It is proposed that the allotment planning for all areas be based on transmitter networks where all transmitters are to be capped at a maximum of 5 kW ERP. However, it is also proposed that power increases beyond the 5 kW cap could be considered on a case by case basis. To test this, the effect of increasing the ERP of Canberra (Black Mountain) to 10 kW has been evaluated.
Case study 1 under the 6/2 scenario has been used as the basis of this study because this case study/scenario is likely to form the basis for the allotment plan for this region – should the DRPC accept the TSC recommendations.
The optimised allotments for the case study 1, 6/2 scenario from Table 5have been used. As can be seen in Table 5, the Canberra Cat 1 multiplex would operate on Allotment 5 and therefore the interference analysis has only been performed for the licence areas in the Allotment 5 column. All other allotments and their licence areas are unaffected.
The results of this analysis are presented in Table 8. It can be observed that an ERP increase of 3 dB at Black Mountain increases the estimated interference counts in the Campbelltown, Katoomba and Lithgow licence areas[2]. While the estimated increase in Lithgow is rather minor (only about 70 people), the increases in Katoomba and in Campbelltown aregreater. On the other hand, a decrease in the Canberra licence area also occurs, with an estimated coverage increase from about 403,000 to 404,500 people in the Canberra licence area. Overall, the interference count increasesby about 3,800.
Table 8Comparison of the interfered with population counts for Case Study 1 and 6/2 scenario when the Black Mountain ERP has been increased to 10 kW
Licence Area / Black Mountain 5 kW / Black Mountain 10 kW / Total covered within licence area / (absolute interference increase) / (% of the licence area coverage)Campbelltown / 1154 / 4310 / 229470 / +3156 / +1.38
Canberra / 1018 / 738 / 404538 / -280 / -0.07
Gunnedah / 87 / 63 / 28259 / -24 / -0.08
Katoomba / 207 / 1076 / 285382 / +869 / +0.30
Lithgow / 737 / 806 / 70316 / +69 / +0.10
Parkes / 261 / 264 / 24775 / +3 / +0.01
Total / 3464 / 7257 / 1042740 / +3793 / +0.36
Assessment of double counting of interference
In Table 7, the individual interference counts have been presented for each licence area, including for the licence areas that are aggregated for the two casestudies. Where there is a significant overlap of aggregated licence areas, such as Katoomba and Lithgow, such analysis on the basis of the individual licence areas may lead to double counting of affected population in the overlap areas.
To estimate the extent of this double counting, the results of the interference analysis over the aggregated area are presented in Table 9.Table 9 also contains the interference figures of individual licence areas and the total sum of these individual counts for both 5/3 and 6/2 scenarios and the two case studies. This analysis shows that the effect of double counting the population affected by interference in the overlap area is rather minor and ranges between about 140 and 180 people, depending on the analysed scenario.
Table 9Difference between the sum of individual interference counts and the aggregated interference count for various scenarios
5/3 Results / 6/2 Results5 kW / 10 kW
Licence Area / Case study 1 / Case study 2 / Case study 1 / Case study 2 / Case study 1
a) / Campbelltown / 1157 / 1157 / 1154 / 1157 / 4310
b) / Katoomba / 207 / 207 / 207 / 207 / 1076
c) / Lithgow / 1791 / 1791 / 737 / 1791 / 806
d) / Total (a+b+c) / 3155 / 3155 / 2098 / 3155 / 6192
e) / Aggregated
licence area / 3013 / 3013 / 1956 / 3013 / 6014
(e-d) / 142 / 142 / 142 / 142 / 178
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Appendix A
Planning parameters
Towards the completion of the main report the TSC provisionally agreed to revise some of the planning parameters and these revised planning parametersare also shown in Table 10alongside the standard planning parameters.
Table 10Planning parameters
Parameter / Standard planning parameters / Revised planning parametersLocation variation standard deviation / 5.5 / 4.0
Protection Level / 3A (FEC = ½) / No change (NOC)
Receiver antenna height for interference modelling / 10 m / NOC
Rx antenna gain – mobile / -5 dBd / -10 dBd
Height gain
(1.5 m to 10 m) / 13 dB / 10 dB
Location availability / 99% / NOC
Time variability for interfering signal / 1% / NOC
Co-channel protection ratio / 15 dB / 12 dB
Minimum field strength for mobile reception (10 m agl) / 63 dBµV/m / 60 dBµV/m
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Appendix B
Interference calculation settings
The following parameters were used in the interference analysis for the revised planning parameters. The four main settings that have been revised are the standard deviation, E Min. Median, E Min. Equiv. and protection ratio. E Min. Equiv. is calculated from the E Min. Median, the standard deviation, and location probability. The bold values are the changed values from the previous or ‘standard planning parameters’
CHIRplus DAB network processor and other settings - revised planning parameters
Calculation ModeWiMa
Result TypeCovRes_
Freq. BandBand III
Receiver Ht10 m
E Min. Median [dBuV/m]50.7
E Min. Equiv. [dBuV/m]60.0
E Minimum Lock [dBuV/m]28.0
Location Probability99.00
DAB ModeMode I
Win_To [us]0.0
Win_Tg [us]246.0
Win_Tu [us]1000.0
Sigma [dB]4.0
Receiver Sync.Main Focus
Sum. Proc. WantedT-Log-Normal
Sum. Proc. Interf.T-Log-Normal
Antenna Discr.No
Polarisation Discr.No
User Protection RatioYes – [12 dB]
Guard IntervalDAB
Use User EMinNo
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Appendix C
Differential affected populations
Table 11Matrix of interactions between licence areas. (Revised planning parameters and Reduced Power - CRC predict model, 9 Sec DEM)
1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15 / 16 / 17 / 18 / 19 / 20 / 21 / 22 / 23 / 24 / 25ARM / BTH / BEG / CAM / CBR / COM / DUB / GOS / GLB / GDH / KAT / KEM / LIT / MUD / MUS / NEW / NOW / ORA / PAR / SYD / TAM / TAR / WAG / WOL / YNG
1 / ARM / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 3 / 0 / 6224 / 0 / 7116 / 0 / 52 / 1167 / 341 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 9506 / 1249 / 0 / 0 / 0
2 / BTH / 0 / 0 / 3 / 3513 / 266 / 0 / 2191 / 544 / 788 / 6 / 6515 / 0 / 39657 / 3732 / 850 / 6359 / 498 / 63846 / 1147 / 90459 / 42 / 0 / 16 / 712 / 1389
3 / BEG / 0 / 3 / 498 / 24 / 9330 / 41609 / 0 / 0 / 14947 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 26826 / 2 / 0 / 144 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 3758 / 65
4 / CAM / 0 / 3513 / 24 / 0 / 71 / 0 / 0 / 77062 / 1392 / 0 / 451429 / 0 / 225613 / 3088 / 1376 / 32979 / 189208 / 6316 / 0 / 2638960 / 0 / 26 / 0 / 235251 / 0
5 / CBR / 0 / 266 / 9330 / 71 / 0 / 12874 / 0 / 9 / 24543 / 0 / 207 / 0 / 489 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 5839 / 1083 / 75 / 906 / 0 / 0 / 4813 / 135 / 3538
6 / COM / 0 / 0 / 41609 / 0 / 12874 / 428 / 0 / 0 / 2376 / 0 / 58 / 0 / 30 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 2683 / 2 / 0 / 5 / 0 / 0 / 1676 / 31 / 133
7 / DUB / 0 / 2191 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1497 / 0 / 0 / 270 / 8500 / 875 / 0 / 0 / 23118 / 3571 / 23 / 197 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 132
8 / GOS / 3 / 544 / 0 / 77062 / 9 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 32 / 0 / 76227 / 25 / 16597 / 780 / 10398 / 294106 / 1789 / 452 / 0 / 1180566 / 61 / 736 / 0 / 9922 / 0
9 / GLB / 0 / 788 / 14947 / 1392 / 24543 / 2376 / 0 / 32 / 22 / 0 / 1573 / 0 / 2741 / 15 / 0 / 0 / 12956 / 1681 / 36 / 4690 / 0 / 0 / 553 / 1343 / 962
10 / GDH / 6224 / 6 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1497 / 0 / 0 / 4 / 0 / 21 / 47 / 638 / 3679 / 452 / 0 / 64 / 4 / 0 / 22169 / 56 / 0 / 0 / 0
11 / KAT / 0 / 6515 / 0 / 451429 / 207 / 58 / 0 / 76227 / 1573 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 340927 / 1679 / 1820 / 19647 / 28445 / 4039 / 0 / 2114742 / 0 / 12 / 58 / 131984 / 178
12 / KEM / 7116 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 25 / 0 / 21 / 0 / 6 / 96 / 0 / 539 / 3045 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 19 / 338 / 93342 / 0 / 0 / 0
13 / LIT / 0 / 39657 / 0 / 225613 / 489 / 30 / 270 / 16597 / 2741 / 47 / 340927 / 96 / 0 / 10436 / 6722 / 22698 / 24182 / 13819 / 76 / 1587026 / 213 / 650 / 3 / 28392 / 477
14 / MUD / 52 / 3732 / 0 / 3088 / 0 / 0 / 8500 / 780 / 15 / 638 / 1679 / 0 / 10436 / 0 / 6085 / 16542 / 276 / 4500 / 720 / 92799 / 808 / 16 / 3 / 22 / 339
15 / MUS / 1167 / 850 / 0 / 1376 / 0 / 0 / 875 / 10398 / 0 / 3679 / 1820 / 539 / 6722 / 6085 / 96 / 113750 / 278 / 1272 / 0 / 19079 / 17351 / 3053 / 0 / 491 / 0
16 / NEW / 341 / 6359 / 0 / 32979 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 294106 / 0 / 452 / 19647 / 3045 / 22698 / 16542 / 113750 / 0 / 581 / 4317 / 0 / 253256 / 14795 / 49258 / 0 / 4854 / 0
17 / NOW / 0 / 498 / 26826 / 189208 / 5839 / 2683 / 0 / 1789 / 12956 / 0 / 28445 / 0 / 24182 / 276 / 278 / 581 / 10 / 1719 / 0 / 501270 / 0 / 0 / 29 / 362621 / 109
18 / ORA / 0 / 63846 / 2 / 6316 / 1083 / 2 / 23118 / 452 / 1681 / 64 / 4039 / 0 / 13819 / 4500 / 1272 / 4317 / 1719 / 0 / 17524 / 76214 / 84 / 0 / 1549 / 680 / 24409
19 / PAR / 0 / 1147 / 0 / 0 / 75 / 0 / 3571 / 0 / 36 / 4 / 0 / 0 / 76 / 720 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 17524 / 12 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 632 / 0 / 2548
20 / SYD / 0 / 90459 / 144 / 2638960 / 906 / 5 / 23 / 1180566 / 4690 / 0 / 2114742 / 19 / 1587026 / 92799 / 19079 / 253256 / 501270 / 76214 / 0 / 1458 / 76 / 342 / 0 / 1927631 / 116
21 / TAM / 9506 / 42 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 197 / 61 / 0 / 22169 / 0 / 338 / 213 / 808 / 17351 / 14795 / 0 / 84 / 0 / 76 / 0 / 389 / 0 / 0 / 0
22 / TAR / 1249 / 0 / 0 / 26 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 736 / 0 / 56 / 12 / 93342 / 650 / 16 / 3053 / 49258 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 342 / 389 / 0 / 0 / 60 / 0
23 / WAG / 0 / 16 / 0 / 0 / 4813 / 1676 / 0 / 0 / 553 / 0 / 58 / 0 / 3 / 3 / 0 / 0 / 29 / 1549 / 632 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 26292
24 / WOL / 0 / 712 / 3758 / 235251 / 135 / 31 / 0 / 9922 / 1343 / 0 / 131984 / 0 / 28392 / 22 / 491 / 4854 / 362621 / 680 / 0 / 1927631 / 0 / 60 / 0 / 0 / 0
25 / YNG / 0 / 1389 / 65 / 0 / 3538 / 133 / 132 / 0 / 962 / 0 / 178 / 0 / 477 / 339 / 0 / 0 / 109 / 24409 / 2548 / 116 / 0 / 0 / 26292 / 0 / 44
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[1] It should be noted that the frequency allotments are identical to those in Addendum 1, with only a notational difference, i.e. Allotments 3 and 5 have been swapped. The reason for this swap is that Allotments 3 and 4 are assumed to be adjacent to TV services so that such swap minimises the adjacent channel interference into TV services.
[2] It may be observed that interference into Gunnedah decreased, despite the Canberra power increase. This is most likely due to a slightly different area being selected in CHIRplus for the interference calculation which can lead to minor variations in results. Such minor changes are insignificant and should be disregarded.