Rationale and Suggestions for Implementation

EdPowerTeacher Evaluation Rubrics

This rubric is based on the work of Kim Marshall and the Indiana’s RISE teacher evaluation rubrics.

Rationale and suggestions for implementation

1. These rubrics are organized around six domains covering all aspects of a teacher’s job performance:

1. Planning and Preparation for Learning

1. Classroom Management

1. Effective Instruction

1. Family and Community Outreach

1. Professional Responsibilities
2. Teacher Leadership

The rubrics use a four-level rating scale with the following labels: 4 – Highly Effective

3 – Effective

2 – Improvement Necessary

1 – Does Not Meet Standards

1. The rubrics are designed to give teachers an end-of-the-year assessment of where they stand in all performance areas – and detailed guidance on how to improve. They are not checklists for classroom visits. To knowledgeably fill out the rubrics, principals need to have been in classrooms frequently throughout the year; it is irresponsible to fill out the rubrics based on one classroom observation. Unannounced mini-observations every 2-3 week followed by face-to-face conversations are the best way for principals to have an accurate sense of teachers’ performance, give ongoing praise and suggestions, and listen to push-back. For a detailed account of the development of these rubrics – and the rationale for not including student results – see Kim’s recent book, Rethinking Teacher Supervision and Evaluation (Jossey-Bass, 2009).
   
2. The Effective level describes solid, expected professional performance; teachers should feel good about scoring at this level. The Highly Effective level is reserved for truly outstanding teaching that meets very demanding criteria; there will be relatively few ratings at this level. Improvement Necessary indicates that performance has real deficiencies; it is not a “gentleman’s C” and nobody should be content to remain at this level. Performance at the Does Not Meet Standards level is clearly unacceptable and needs to be improved immediately.
   

1. When scoring, take each of the ten criteria, read across the four levels (Highly Effective, Effective, Improvement Necessary, and Does Not Meet Standards), find the level that best describes the teacher’s performance, and circle or highlight that cell. This creates a clear graphic display of areas for commendation and areas that need work. Then give an overall score for that domain at the bottom of the page (averaging the scores on the page) and make brief comments in the space provided. When all six pages have been scored, record the ratings on the summary sheet (page 8).
   

1. Evaluation conferences are greatly enhanced if the principal and teacher fill out the rubrics in advance, then meet and compare scores one page at a time. The principal has the final say, of course, but the discussion should aim for consensus based on actual evidence of the more accurate score for each criterion. Principals should go into the evaluation process with some humility since they can’t possibly know everything about a teacher’s instructional activities, collegial interactions, parent outreach, and professional growth. Similarly, teachers should be open to feedback from someone with an outside perspective who has been in their classroom numerous times.
   

1. Some principals sugar-coat criticism and give inflated scores so as not to hurt feelings. This does not help teachers improve. The kindest thing a principal can do for an underperforming teacher is give candid, evidence-based feedback, listen to the teacher’s concerns, and provide robust follow-up support.
   

A. Planning and Preparation for Learning
The teacher: / 4
Highly
Effective / 3
Effective / 2
Improvement
Necessary / 1
Does Not Meet
Standards
a.
Knowledge / Is expert in the subject area and has a cutting-edge grasp of child development and how students learn. / Knows the subject matter well and has a good grasp of child development and how students learn. / Is somewhat familiar with the subject and has a few ideas of ways students develop and learn. / Has little familiarity with the subject matter and few ideas on how to teach it and how students learn.
b.
Standards / Has a well-honed plan for the year that is tightly aligned with state standards and assessments. / Plans the year so students will meet state standards and be ready for external assessments. / Has done some thinking about how to cover high standards and test requirements this year. / Plans lesson by lesson and has little familiarity with state standards and tests.
c.
Units / Plans most units backwards, with well-thought-out big ideas, essential questions, knowledge, and skill goals. / Plans some units backwards with big ideas, essential questions, knowledge, and skill goals. / Plans lessons with some thought to larger goals and objectives and higher-order thinking skills. / Teaches on an ad hoc basis with little or no consideration for long-range curriculum goals.
d.
Assessments / At Level 4, a teacher fulfills the criteria for Level 3 and additionally:
Incorporates differentiated instructional strategies in planning to reach every student at his/her level of understanding. / Teacher uses prior assessment data to formulate:
Achievement goals, unit plans, AND lesson plans. / Teacher uses prior assessment data to formulate:
Achievement goals, unit plans, OR lesson plans, but not all of the above. / Teacher rarely or never uses prior assessment data when planning.
e.
Anticipation / Anticipates students' misconceptions and confusions and develops multiple strategies to overcome them. / Anticipates misconceptions that students might have and plans to address them. / Has a hunch about one or two ways that students might become confused with the content. / Proceeds without considering misconceptions that students might have about the material.
f.
Lessons / At Level 4, a teacher fulfills the criteria for Level 3 and additionally:
Plans for a variety of differentiated instructional strategies, anticipating where these will be needed to enhance instruction.
Incorporates a variety of informal assessments/ checks for understanding as well as summative assessments where necessary and uses all assessments to directly inform instruction. / Based on unit plan, teacher plans daily lessons by:
Identifying lesson objectives that are aligned to state content standards.
Matching instructional strategies as well as meaningful and relevant activities/assignments to the lesson objectives.
Designing formative assessments that measure progress towards mastery and inform instruction. / Based on unit plan, teacher plans daily lessons by:
Identifying lesson objectives that are aligned to state content standards.
Matching instructional strategies and activities/assignments to the lesson objectives.
Teacher may not:
Design assignments that are meaningful or relevant.
Plan formative assessments to measure progress towards mastery or inform instruction. / Teacher rarely or never plans daily lessons OR daily lessons are planned, but are thrown together at the last minute, thus lacking meaningful objectives, instructional strategies, or assignments.
g.
Engagement / Designs highly relevantlessons that will motivate allstudents and engage them inactive learning. / Designs lessons that arerelevant, motivating, andlikely to engage students inactive learning. / Plans lessons that will catchsome students’ interest andperhaps get a discussiongoing. / Plans lessons with very littlelikelihood of motivating orinvolving students.
h.
Materials / Designs lessons involving anappropriate mix of high quality,multicultural learningmaterials. / Designs lessons that use aneffective, multicultural mix ofmaterials. / Plans lessons that involve amixture of good and mediocrelearning materials. / Plans lessons that rely mainlyon mediocre and low-qualitytextbooks, workbooks, orworksheets.
i.
Differentiation / Designs lessons that breakdown complex tasks andaddress all learning needs,styles, and interests. / Designs lessons that targetseveral learning needs, styles,and interests. / Plans lessons with somethought as to how toaccommodate special needsstudents. / Plans lessons with nodifferentiation.
j.
Environment / Skillfully uses roomarrangement, materials, anddisplays to maximize studentlearning of all material. / Organizes classroomfurniture, materials, anddisplays to support unit andlesson goals. / Organizes furniture andmaterials to support thelesson, with only a fewdecorative displays. / Has a conventional furniturearrangement, hard-to-accessmaterials, and few walldisplays.

Overall rating:____ Comments:

B. Classroom Management
The
teacher: / 4
Highly
Effective / 3
Effective / 2
Improvement
Necessary / 1
Does Not Meet
Standards
a.
Expectations / Is direct, specific, consistent,and tenacious in communicating and enforcingvery high expectations.
Regularly uses Taxonomy and Whole Brain Teaching techniques. / Clearly communicates andconsistently enforces high standards for student behavior. / Announces and postsclassroom rules andpunishments. / Comes up with ad hocrulesand punishments as eventsunfold during the year.
b.
Relationships / Shows warmth, caring,respect, and fairness for allstudents and builds strongrelationships. / Is fair and respectful towardstudents and builds positiverelationships. / Is fair and respectful towardmost students and buildspositive relationships withsome. / Is sometimes unfair anddisrespectful to the class;plays favorites.
c.
Respect / Wins all students’ respect andcreates a climate in whichdisruption of learning isunthinkable. / Commands respect and refuses to tolerate disruption. / Wins the respect of somestudents but there are regulardisruptions in the classroom. / Is not respected by studentsand the classroom isfrequently chaotic andsometimes dangerous.
d.
Social-emotional / Implements a program that successfully develops positiveinteractions and social-emotional skills. / Fosters positive interactionsamong students and teachesuseful social skills. / Often lectures students on theneed for good behavior, andmakes an example of “bad”students. / Publicly berates “bad”students, blaming them fortheir poor behavior.
e.
Routines / Successfully inculcates classroutines up front so thatstudents maintain themthroughout the year. / Teaches routines and hasstudents maintain them allyear. / Tries to train students in classroutines but many of theroutines are not maintained. / Does not teach routines and isconstantly nagging,threatening, and punishingstudents.
f.
Responsibility / Successfully develops students’ self-discipline, self-efficacy, and sense ofresponsibility. / Develops students’ self- discipline and teaches them totake responsibility for theirown actions. / Tries to get students to beresponsible for their actions,but many lack self-discipline. / Is unsuccessful in fosteringself-discipline in students;they are dependent on theteacher to behave.
g.
Repertoire / Has a highly effectivediscipline repertoire and cancapture and hold students’attention any time. / Has a repertoire of discipline “moves” and can capture and maintain students’ attention. / Has a limited disciplinaryrepertoire and students arefrequently not payingattention. / Has few discipline “moves” and constantly struggles to getstudents’ attention.
h.
Efficiency / Uses coherence, lesson momentum, and smooth transitions to get the most outof every minute. / Maximizes academic learningtime through coherence,lesson momentum, andsmooth transitions. / Sometimes loses teaching timedue to lack of clarity,interruptions, and inefficienttransitions. / Loses a great deal ofinstructional time because of confusion, interruptions, andragged transitions.
i.
Prevention / Is alert, poised, dynamic, and self-assured and prevents or quickly controls virtually all discipline problems. / Is a confident, dynamic“presence” and nips most discipline problems in the bud. / Tries to prevent disciplineproblems but sometimes littlethings escalate into bigproblems. / Is unsuccessful at spotting andpreventing discipline
problems, and they frequentlyescalate.
j.
Incentives / Gets students to buy into ahighly effective system ofincentives linked to intrinsicrewards. / Uses incentives wisely toencourage and reinforcestudent cooperation. / Uses extrinsic rewards in anattempt to get students tocooperate and comply. / Gives away “goodies” (e.g., free time) without using it as alever to improve behavior.

Overall rating:____ Comments:

C. Effective Instruction
4
Highly
Effective / 3
Effective / 2
Improvement
Necessary / 1
Does Not Meet
Standards
a.
Student
Mastery / For Level 4, much of the Level 3 evidence is observed during the year, as well as some of the following:
Students can explain what they are learning and why it is important, beyond repeating the stated objective.
Teacher effectively engages prior knowledge of students in connecting to lesson. Students demonstrate through work or comments that they understand this connection. / Lesson objective is specific, measurable, and aligned to standards. It conveys what students are learning and what they will be able to do by the end of the lesson.
Objective is written in a student-friendly manner and/or explained to students in easy- to- understand terms - Importance of the objective is explained so that students understand why they are learning what they are learning.
Lesson builds on students’ prior knowledge of key concepts and skills and makes this connection evident to students.
Lesson is well-organized to move students towards mastery of the objective. / Lesson objective conveys what students are learning and what they will be able to do by the end of the lesson, but may not be aligned to standards or measurable.
Objective is stated, but not in a student-friendly manner that leads to understanding.
Teacher attempts explanation of importance of objective, but students fail to understand.
Lesson generally does not build on prior knowledge of students or students fail to make this connection.
Organization of the lesson may not always be connected to mastery of the objective. / Lesson objective is missing more than one component. It may not be clear about what students are learning or will be able to do by the end of the lesson.
There may not be a clear connection between the objective and lesson, or teacher may fail to make this connection for students.
Teacher may fail to discuss importance of objective or there may not be a clear understanding amongst students as to why the objective is important.
There may be no effort to connect objective to prior knowledge of students.
Lesson is disorganized and does not lead to mastery of objective.
b.
Content
Knowledge / For Level 4, much of the Level 3 evidence is observed during the year, as well as some of the following:
Teacher fully explains concepts in as direct and efficient a manner as possible, while still achieving student understanding.
Teacher effectively connects content to other content areas, students’ experiences and interests, or current events in order to make content relevant and build interest - Explanations spark student excitement and interest in the content.
Students participate in each others’ learning of content through collaboration during the lesson.
Students ask higher-order questions and make connections independently, demonstrating that they understand the content at a higher level. / Teacher demonstrates content knowledge and delivers content that is factually correct - Content is clear, concise and well-organized.
Teacher restates and rephrases instruction in multiple ways to increase understanding.
Teacher emphasizes key points or main ideas in content.
Teacher uses developmentally appropriate language and explanations.
Teacher implements relevant instructional strategies learned via professional development. / Teacher delivers content that is factually correct.
Content occasionally lacks clarity and is not as well organized as it could be.
Teacher may fail to restate or rephrase instruction in multiple ways to increase understanding.
Teacher does not adequately emphasize main ideas, and students are sometimes confused about key takeaways.
Explanations sometimes lack developmentally appropriate language.
Teacher does not always implement new and improved instructional strategies learned via professional development. / Teacher may deliver content that is factually incorrect.
Explanations may be unclear or incoherent and fail to build student understanding of key concepts.
Teacher continues with planned instruction, even when it is obvious that students are not understanding content.
Teacher does not emphasize main ideas, and students are often confused about content.
Teacher fails to use developmentally appropriate language.
Teacher does not implement new and improved instructional strategies learned via professional development.
c.
Engagement / For Level 4, much of the Level 3 evidence is observed during the year, as well as some of the following:
Teacher provides ways to engage with content that significantly promotes student mastery of the objective.
Teacher provides differentiated ways of engaging with content specific to individual student needs.
The lesson progresses at an appropriate pace so that students are never disengaged, and students who finish early have something else meaningful to do.
Teacher effectively integrates technology as a tool to engage students in academic content. / 3/4 or more of students are actively engaged in content at all times and not off-task.
Teacher provides multiple ways, as appropriate, of engaging with content, all aligned to the lesson objective.
Ways of engaging with content reflect different learning modalities or intelligences.
Teacher adjusts lesson accordingly to accommodate for student prerequisite skills and knowledge so that all students are engaged.
ELL and IEP students have the appropriate accommodations to be engaged in content.
Students work hard and are deeply active rather than passive/receptive. / Fewer than 3/4 of students are engaged in content and many are off-task - Teacher may provide multiple ways of engaging students, but perhaps not aligned to lesson objective or mastery of content.
Teacher may miss opportunities to provide ways of differentiating content for student engagement.
Some students may not have the prerequisite skills necessary to fully engage in content and teacher’s attempt to modify instruction for these students is limited or not always effective.
ELL and IEP students are sometimes given appropriate accommodations to be engaged in content.
Students may appear to actively listen, but when it comes time for participation are disinterested in engaging. / Fewer than 1/2 of students are engaged in content and many are off-task.
Teacher may only provide one way of engaging with content OR teacher may provide multiple ways of engaging students that are not aligned to the lesson objective or mastery of content.
Teacher does not differentiate instruction to target different learning modalities.
Most students do not have the prerequisite skills necessary to fully engage in content and teacher makes no effort to adjust instruction for these students.
ELL and IEP students are not provided with the necessary accommodations to engage in content.