RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

4th BLOCK, JAYANAGAR, BANGALORE, KARNATKA

ANNEXURE-II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1. / NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS / DR SMITHA D
POST GRADUATE STUDENT
DEPT OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY
AND ENDODONTICS
GOVERNMENT DENTAL COLLEGE
AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
FORT, BENGALURU
2. /

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION

/ GOVERNMENT DENTAL COLLEGE
AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
FORT, BENGALURU
3. / COURSE OF THE STUDY AND SUBJECT / MASTER OF DENTAL SURGERY.
CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS
4. / DATE OF ADMISSION TO COURSE / 01/06/2013
5. / TITLE OF TOPIC: Comparative evaluation of micro leakage in class V cavities restored with glass ionomer cements – Conventional GIC,Resin modified GIC,Nano filled RMGI,Light cured GIC: An in vitro study
6. / BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED STUDY:
6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Over the decade, esthetic dentistry has shown considerable progress, leading to the development of a number of improved restorative materials. Currently, the main concerns regarding the performance of these materials refer to their durability and the integrity of marginal sealing, especially in cavities that involve the cementum region, where clinical problems are aggravated.1
Microleakage is the movement of bacteria, fluids, molecules, or ions, and even air between the prepared cavity walls and the subsequently applied restorative materials1
.
Class V restorations are deemed to be the true test of adhesive-mechanic performance as no macromechanical retention is available and the restoration margins exist in both dentin and enamel2 The relationship between marginal leakage in restorations and type of restorative materials used has been extensively studied both in clinical and laboratory experiments.3
The advantages of the glass ionomer cements lie in their continuous fluoride release and in their ability to adhere to mineralised tooth structure4 They are tooth colored, unite with tooth structure, have tissue compatibility, are radiopaque.5 The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the micro leakage in class V cavities using various glass ionomer cements.
6.2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
A study aimed to evaluate the micro leakage of nano-filled resin modified glass ionomer restorative in comparison with that of conventional glass ionomer cement and resin modified glass ionomer cement revealed that nano filled resin modified glass ionomer restorative showed less leakage than conventional glass ionomer cement and resin modified glass ionomer cement at gingival margins.1
A study aimed to evaluate the effects of different types of adhesive systems on the micro leakage of compomer restorations in class V cavities prepared by Erbium,chromium : yttrium scandium gallium garnet(Er,Cr:YSGG) laser revealed that none of the bonding agent eliminated micro leakage completelyand higher scores were observed along the gingival margin than the occlusal margin2
A study aimed to evaluate micro leakage in class v composite restorations using a fifth generation adhesive and a glass Ionomer bonding agent revealed that the glass ionomer bonding agent liner may be effective in reducing gingival micro leakage in class V situations with gingival margins in dentin and cementum.3
A study aimed to evaluate the microleakage of recently available glass ionomer based restorative materials (GC Fuji IX GP, GC Fuji VII, and Dyract) and compare their microleakage with the previously existing glass ionomer restorative materials (GC Fuji II LC) in primary and permanent teeth revealed that the microleakage scores for glass ionomer protecting and stabilizing material (GC Fuji VII) were found to be the lowest minimum followed by light
cure glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji II LC) and compomer, the difference was statistically non-significant. Dental glass ionomer filling material (GC Fuji IX GP) displayed statistically significant lower values as compared to the other restorative materials.4
A study aimed to evaluate and compare the tensile bond strength and microleakage of Fuji IX GP, Fuji II LC, and compoglass and to compare bond strength with degree of microleakage exhibited by the same materials revealed that theCompoglass showed highest tensile strength and Fuji II LC showed least microleakage.5
6.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
Objective of the study is to compare and evaluate microleakage in class V cavities using various glass ionomer cements.
7. / MATERIALS AND METHODS
7.1 SOURCE OF THE DATA:
Forty freshly extracted human maxillary first premolars that are planned for orthodontic extraction within six month period of start of the study will be collected from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College and Research institute, Bengaluru and stored in 0.9% sodium chloride saline solution.
7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA:
For the study, forty extracted human premolar teeth , free of caries, cracks and restorations will be used. The selected teeth will be subjected to surface debridement through hand scaling instrument and cleaned with rubber cup and slurry of pumice, disinfected in 0.5% chloramine and stored in distilled water at 4 degree celsius until use. On buccal surface of each tooth, a standardized Class V cavity will be prepared using diamond bur with dimensions 5mm length, 3mm width and 2mm depth with occlusal margin in enamel and gingival margin in dentin. A William’s periodontal probe will be used to guage the cavity dimensions.
Teeth will then be randomly assigned into four experimental groups(n=40)
Group A- Restored with CGIC
Group B- Restored with RMGIC
Group C- Restored with nano-filled RMGI
Group D- Restored with light cured GIC
Cavities in each group will be restored with the respective materials and contoured with finishing burs
All teeth will be subjected to thermo cycling regimen of 500 cycles between 5 degree centigrade and 55 degree centigrade dwell time of 1 min and 3 second transfer time between the baths
The teeth will be dried after thermo cycling . then the specimens will be coated with two layers of nail varnish leaving 1mm window around the cavity margins. Teeth will be inverted and placed in a solution of 2% rhodamine-B dye for 24hours at 37 degree centigrade under vacuum . The specimen will be removed from the dye solution and the surface adhered dye will be rinsed in tap water and the nail varnish will be removed with a BP blade. The teeth will be sectioned longitudinally in a bucco lingual direction through the centre of restorations using a water-cooled low speed diamond disc.The specimens will be evaluated with a stereomicroscope
7.3 DOES THE STUDY REQUIRE ANY INVESTIGATIONS OR INTERVENTIONS TO BE CONDUCTED IN PATIENTS OR OTHER HUMANS OR ANIMALS
Patient’s consent will be obtained for using their teeth for the experimental purpose
7.4 HAS ETHICAL CLEARANCE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR INSTITUTION IN CASE OF 7.3
Will be obtained from the ethical committee and Review Board of GDCRI BENGALURU
8. / LIST OF REFERENCES
1.  Sunil Kumar Gupta,Jaya Gupta,Vidya Saraswathi,Vasudev Ballal,Shashi Rashmi Acharya. Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class V cavities using various glass ionomer cements: Anin vitrostudy.journal of inter disciplinary dentisry /sep-dec 2012/vol-2/issue 3
2.  Dipali shah. A comparative evaluation of micro leakage in class V composite restorations using a fifth generation adhesive and a glass ionomer bonding agent – An in vitro dye leakage study.journal of dental and allied sciences 2012; 1(1): 8-12.
3.  ozgal baygin, fatih mehmet korkmaz and ipek arslan. Effects of different types of adhesive systems on the micro leakage of compomer restorations in class V cavities prepared by Erbium,chromium : yttrium scandium gallium garnet(Er,Cr:YSGG) laser. Dental materials journal 2012;31(2): 206-212.

4.  Teena Singla,I.K. Pandit,Nikhil Srivastava,Neeraj Gugnani,andMonika Gupta. An evaluation of microleakage of various glass Ionomer based restorative materials in deciduous and permanent teeth: An in vitro study. Saudi Dental Journal. 2012;24(1): 35-42.

5.  Vishnu Rekha,Balagopal Varma,Jayanthi. Comparative evaluation of tensile bond strength and microleakage of conventional glass ionomer cement, resin modified glass ionomer cement and compomer: Anin vitrostudy. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry.2012;3(3): 282-287.
9. / Signature of the candidate
10 / Remarks of the guide
11 / NAME AND DESIGNATION OF
11.1 GUIDE
11.2 SIGNATURE
11.3 CO-GUIDE
11.4 SIGNATURE
11. 5 HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
11.6 SIGNATURE
12 / REMARKS OF PRINCIPAL
SIGNATURE