Name DateHour

Protein Synthesis Packet

Question: How does DNA create my traits?

Table of Contents

1Protein Synthesis Vocab

2DNA/RNA Table

3Overview of Protein Synthesis Notes

4 Codon Bingo

5Amino Acid Chart A

5Amino Acid Chart B

6DNA for Protein Synthesis Puppets

7Protein Synthesis Puppets

9Puppet Parts

10Protein Synthesis Questions

12Protein Synthesis Summary

Term / Meaning / Example
Synth-
-esis
Trans-
-scrip-; -scrib-

DNA vs. RNA

Comparison Chart

DNA / RNA
# of Strands
Sugar
Nucleotides
Base Pairs

Overview of Protein Synthesis

Notes

Protein synthesis is ______

______

Protein synthesis involves taking the message from DNA (which is located in the ______) to the ______(which is the organelle that makes proteins).

However, DNA cannot leave the ______. It is stuck there. So it needs a messenger to take the message to the ribosome.

The messenger molecule that takes the message from the DNA to the ribosome is the __RNA (______RNA).

This is called ______.

Remember that proteins are made of ______.

Once the message reaches the ribosome, the ribosome pulls free-floating amino acids out of ______and chains them together to make proteins.

This is called ______.

These proteins are now responsible for your ______, such as your hair and eye color.

CODON BINGO

FREE!

Amino Acid Chart A

Amino acid / One letter symbol / Three letter symbol
alanine / A / Ala
arginine / R / Arg
asparagine / N / Asn
aspartic acid/ aspartate / D / Asp
cysteine / C / Cys
glutamic acid/ glutamate / E / Glu
glutamine / Q / Gln
glycine / G / Gly
histidine / H / His
isoleucine / I / Ile
leucine / L / Leu
lysine / K / Lys
methionine / M / Met
phenylalanine / F / Phe
proline / P / Pro
serine / S / Ser
threonine / T / Thr
tryptophan / W / Trp
tyrosine / Y / Tyr
valine / V / Val

Amino Acid Chart B

Set 1:

Heads: TAC CCG GAA ATT

Tails: TAC CCA AGT ACT

Set 2:

Heads: TAC GCA CAA CGA ATC

Tails: TAC TCT CAG ACA ATT

Set 3:

Heads: TAC CTT GTA TTA GGA ACT

Tails: TAC CTC GTG TTG TGA ATC

Set 4:

Heads: TAC TAA AAA ACC CCT ATA ATT

Tails: TAC TAG AAG ACC CCC GTT ACT

Set 5:

Heads: TAC CTA TTT AGA CAT AAT CCA ATC

Tails: TAC CTG TTC AGG CAC GAG GGG ATT

Set 6:

Heads: TAC ACG TTA GGT ATG CTA GTA CTT ACT

Tails: TAC ACA TTG GGC ATA CTG GTG GTA ATC

Set 7:

Heads: TAC ACC GCT CTC GAT TAT ACA TGG CAA ATT

Tails: TAC ACC GCG GTC AAC TAG ACG TGT ACC ACT

Protein Synthesis Puppets

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Protein Synthesis Packet

Name DateHour

Use the DNA strands on page 6 to determine the traits of your puppet. For each set, flip a coin to determine which strand to use. From that strand, determine the complimentary mRNA codon, corresponding amino acids and protein, and trait.

Set 1:

DNA: ______

mRNA: ______

Amino acids: ______

Protein: ______Trait: ______

Set 2:

DNA: ______

mRNA: ______

Amino acids: ______

Protein: ______Trait: ______

Set 3:

DNA: ______

mRNA: ______

Amino acids: ______

Protein: ______Trait: ______

Set 4:

DNA: ______

mRNA: ______

Amino acids: ______

Protein: ______Trait: ______

Set 5:

DNA: ______

mRNA: ______

Amino acids: ______

Protein: ______Trait: ______

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Protein Synthesis Packet

Name DateHour

Set 6:

DNA: ______

mRNA: ______

Amino acids: ______

Protein: ______Trait: ______

Set 7: It’s your turn! Do this problem on your own. You won’t have blank lines here to help you. You can use the space below or your own notebook paper for this.

Protein Synthesis Questions

  1. What do each of the following nitrogenous bases pair with when pairing up with DNA?

A ______C ______

G ______T ______

  1. What is RNA?
  1. How do RNA and DNA differ?
  1. What is the job of mRNA?
  1. What do each of the following nitrogenous bases pair with when pairing up DNA with mRNA?

A ______C ______

G ______T ______

  1. What do each of the following nitrogenous bases pair with when pairing up mRNA with DNA?

A ______C ______

G ______U ______

  1. What is a codon?
  1. What is a start codon?
  1. What is a stop codon?
  1. What is an amino acid?
  1. How does an amino acid chain become a protein?
  1. Fill in the chart below that shows the molecules used in protein synthesis and their specific order.

Protein Synthesis Summary

This is everything that I know about the process of protein synthesis: ______


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Protein Synthesis Packet