On the nature of space and time
I. Newtona,[1], A. Einsteinb
aOxford University, Wellington Square, Oxford. OX1 2JD. UK
bDepartment of Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Absolute Space, in its own nature, without regard to anything external, remains always similar and immovable. Relative Space is some moveable dimension or measure of the absolute spaces; which our senses determine, by its position to bodies; and which is vulgarly taken for immovable space. And so instead of absolute places and motions, we use relative ones; and that without any inconvenience in common affairs; but in Philosophical disquisitions, we ought to abstract from our senses, and consider things themselves, distinct from what are only sensible measures of them. For it may be that there is no body really at rest, to which the places and motions of others may be referred. Absolute, True, and Mathematical Time, of itself, and from its own nature flows equably without regard to anything external, and by another name is called Duration.
PACS: 68.49.Bc; 34.35.+a; 68.49.Sf; 52.40.Hf; 61.80. x
Keywords: sputtering, ion-surface, collision
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1. Introduction
The proceedings of the IISC18 workshop will be published by ELSEVIER Publ. in a special (but consecutively numbered) issue of Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms (NIMB). Section B of covers all aspects of the interaction of energetic beams with atoms, molecules and aggregate forms of matter. This includes ion beam analysis and ion beam modification of materials as well as basic data of importance for these studies. Topics of general interest include: atomic collisions in solids, particle channeling, all aspects of collision cascades, the modification of materials by energetic beams, ion implantation, irradiation - induced changes in materials, the physics and chemistry of beam interactions and the analysis of materials by all forms of energetic radiation. Modification by ion, laser and electron beams for the study of electronic materials, metals, ceramics, insulators, polymers and other important and new materials systems are included. Related studies, such as the application of ion beam analysis to biological, archaeological and geological samples as well as applications to solve problems in planetary science are also welcome. Energetic beams of interest include atomic and molecular ions, neutrons, positrons and muons, plasmas directed at surfaces, electron and photon beams, including laser treated surfaces and studies of solids by photon radiation from rotating anodes, synchrotrons, etc. In addition, the interaction between various forms of radiation and radiation-induced deposition processes are relevant [1,2].
2. Results
Only manuscripts of contributions presented at the conference will be considered for publication in the proceedings of the IISC18 workshop and we will accept one paper per registered participant. Those who have sent multiple abstracts are encouraged to concentrate their efforts on one quality paper only. Instructions for preparing your manuscript and links to NIMB guidelines can be found in the homepage of the IISC18 workshop [3].
NIMB can accept most word processing formats (but prefers Microsoft Word or WordPerfect). If you wish to use LATEX please read the instructions in the Elsevier's instructions for articles in LATEX (follow links in Ref. [2]). Submission to NIMB for the IISC18 workshop proceeds totally online at using the Elsevier Editorial System (EES). After accessing EES follow the link "submit paper" near the top. If you are a registered user enter your username and password, otherwise follow the link “Register now” and fill in the registration form. After logging in, follow the proper link (e.g. "submit new paper"). When you reach the "Choose Article Type" you should select Proceedings: IISC-18. The system automatically converts source files to a single Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. Please note that even though manuscript source files are converted to PDF at submission for the review process, these source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail and via the author's homepage, removing the need for a hard-copy paper trail.
3. Theory
Equations should be placed on separate lines and numbered. For example, the residue theorem
(1)
clearly implies that
(2)
4. Conclusions
This paper provides a template for the proceedings of the IISC18 workshop. We hope that it will help authors prepare their manuscripts more rapidly and on time.
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge support by the Offices of Fusion and Basic Energy Sciences (US DOE), the Physics Division of ORNL, the Computer Science and Mathematics Division of ORNL, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum, RoentDek Handels GmbH, National Electrostatic Corp., Pfeiffer Vacuum Inc., DREEBIT GmbH, LDS Vacuum Products INC, OxFord Instruments, and Beam Imaging Solutions.
References
[1] J. C. Maxwell, I. Newton, A. Einstein, Phys. Rev. B 63 (2001) 19515.
[2] C.W. Gardiner, P. Zoller, Quantum Noise, Springer, 1999.
[3] C.O. Reinhold, P. Krstic, F.W. Meyer, Instructions for Preparing and Submitting Manuscripts for the Proceedings of the 18th Workshop on Inelastic Ion-Surface Collisions, <http://www.phy.ornl.gov/workshops/iisc18/proceedings.html>
Figure Captions
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[1] Corresponding author. Tel.:+44 1865-270000; fax:+44 18650270708; e-mail: