PsychologyFinal Exam Study Guide – Worth 5 points!!!

This is a ton of stuff, and there will only be 100 questions, keep that in mind.

Seniors – you’ll only have 50

Module 7: Neural and hormonal systems

  • The parts of a neuron, identify their function:
  • Axon, dendrite, and terminal
  • Chart the different parts of our nervous system and their functions:
  • Central, peripheral, somatic, autonomic, sympathetic, parasympathetic
  • What are the different parts of a cell firing?
  • Action potential, refractory period, resting potential
  • Identify the following terms:
  • All-or-none-principles, synapse, neurotransmitter, receptor cells, interneurons
  • Excitatory & inhibitory effect
  • What is the purpose of the Endocrine system?

Module 8: The Brain

  • Different brain parts, identify their functions:
  • Brainstem, medulla, reticular formation, thalamus, cerebellum
  • Do the same for the Limbic system:
  • Hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala
  • Do the same for these terms:
  • Frontal, pariental, occipital, temporal lobes, cerebral cortex, longitudinal fissure, corpus callosum
  • What is the difference between motor and somatosensory cortex?
  • Where are these area’s and what do they do?
  • Broca’s & Wernicke’s

Module 9: Sensation and Module 10: Perception

  • Know the difference between
  • Bottom up vs. top down processing
  • Sensation and perception
  • Explain the role of the auditory and optic nerves

Module 11: Motivation

  • Know the difference b/t motivation, instinct, and drives
  • Explain the Yerkes Dodson Law and the Drive Reduction Theory
  • Compare:
  • Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
  • Bulimia and anorexia nervosa
  • Identify: achievement motivation, homeostasis, and BMR

Module 12: Emotion

  • Be able to put the following theories on emotion in order (fear, physiological response, etc.)
  • Common sense, Cannon-Bard, Schacter Two Factor, James Lange, Zajonc, Lazuras
  • What role does our autonomic nervous system play in our emotions?

Module 15: Classical conditioning

  • Define: learning, classical conditioning, stimulus, response, behaviorism, acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, discrimination, taste aversion
  • Who are they and what did they do?
  • J. Watson, I. Pavlov, R. Rescorla
  • Explain the classical conditioning process by using: UCS, UCR, NS, CS and CR
  • Identify each component in Pavolv’s and Watson’s experiments

Module 16: Operant conditioning

  • Define: operant conditioning, reinforcement, punishment, shaping, latent learning, overjustification effect
  • Explain the law of effect
  • What is the difference between:
  • + and – , primary and secondary, immediate and delayed reinforcement
  • Who are they and what did they do?
  • E. Thorndike, B.F. Skinner
  • What are the two types of punishment?
  • What is more effective: reinforcement or punishment? Why?
  • Compare:
  • Continuous and partial reinforcement
  • Fixed-interval and variable-interval
  • Fixed-ratio and variable-ratio

Module 17: Observational learning

  • Define: observational learning, model, modeling, vicarious learning, anti and pro-social behavior
  • Who are they and what did they do?
  • A. Bandura
  • Describe the Bobo doll experiment.
  • What are the four requirements for effective modeling to occur?

Module 20: Sleep, dreams, and body rhythms

  • Define:
  • Consciousness, melatonin, and EEG
  • Differentiate between the three different biological rhythms and provide examples for each.
  • List some effects that sleep deprivation can have.
  • What role does hypothalamus play in sleep?
  • What are two reasons explaining why we sleep?
  • Differentiate between the different stages of sleep (include both NREM and REM).
  • Why is REM sleep also known as paradoxical sleep?
  • Discuss the three theories of why we dream.
  • Briefly describe the following sleep disorders:
  • Sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, somnambulism, night terrors, myoclonus

Module 21: Hypnosis

  • Define: hypnosis, placebo effect, age regression and feat of strength
  • Compare the divided conscious theory and the social influence theory.
  • Discuss these hypnotic techniques:
  • Hypnotic induction, hypnotizability, post-hypnotic suggestion, hypnotic amnesia
  • How does hypnosis help memory and pain, or does it not?

Module 22: Drugs

  • Define: psychoactive drug, withdrawal, tolerance, dependence
  • How do drugs interfere with neurotransmission?
  • Specifically opiates and stimulants.
  • What do anti-depressants to stop this?
  • List the five classifications of drugs
  • Provide examples for each
  • How are the examples different from each other in each category?
  • Provide effects
  • Which are most common

Lots of questions from the following!!!!

Module 27: Introduction to psychological disorders

  • Break down the mnemonic device: MUDA (what does each letter stand for and what does it mean)
  • What is the DSM-IV-TR & who is Philippe Pinel?

Module 28: Anxiety and mood disorders

  • What is the difference b/t anxiety and an anxiety disorder?
  • What constitutes a mood disorder?
  • Compare and contrast the different disorders:
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Phobias
  • What separates a phobia from a simple fear?
  • What is agoraphobia?
  • Panic disorder
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  • Differentiate b/t obsessions and compulsions
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (what are flashbacks?)
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Define mania and depression

Module 29: Dissociative, schizophrenia, and personality disorders

  • Compare and contrast the various dissociative disorders:
  • Dissociative amnesia, fugue and identity disorder
  • What separates schizophrenia and dissociative identity disorder
  • Define schizophrenia
  • Differentiate b/t the four types of delusions:
  • Grandeur, sin or guilt, persecution, influential
  • Differentiate b/t the various types of schizophrenia
  • Paranoid, catatonic, disorganized, undifferentiated
  • Differentiate b/t delusions and hallucinations
  • What is anti-social personality disorder?

Module 30: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

  • Freud and Psychoanalysis
  • Free association and dream interpretation
  • Carl Rogers and Humanistic therapies
  • Client-centered therapy & active listening
  • Behavior therapy
  • Classical conditioning treatments – Aversive conditioning & systematic desensitization
  • Cognitive therapies
  • Destructive and constructive explanations
  • Cognitive behavior therapy
  • Family therapy – what are the benefits?
  • Different between: psychologists and psychiatrists