Ecosystem engineer unleashed─

Prosopisjuliflora threatening ecosystem services?

Supplementary Information

Yohannes Ayanu1*, Anke Jentsch2, Detlef Müller-Mahn3, Simone Rettberg4, Clemens Romankiewicz5, Thomas Koellner1

*Corresponding author:

1 Professorship of Ecological Services, Department of Earth Sciences, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany

2 Professorship of Disturbance Ecology, Department of Earth Sciences, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30,95440 Bayreuth, Germany

3Institute of Geography, University of Bonn,MeckenheimerAllee 166,53115 Bonn, Germany

4Institute of Human and Social Geography, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bayreuth,Universitätsstraße 30,95440 Bayreuth, Germany

5Institute of Political Geography, Department of Earth Sciences,University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30,95440 Bayreuth, Germany

Figure S1 Distribution of the GPS sample points taken in February-March 2014. A total of 130 sample points were used for validating the classification of ASTER images for October 2013.

Figure S2 Change detection maps showing areas with increased, decreased or no changein Prosopisjuliflora invasion status over the period of 2000 to 2013.

Table S1 Change detection statistics (area in square kilometers) for Prosopisjuliflora invaded and no-invaded land,comparing different years over the period of 2000 to 2013.

Initial state (year 2000)
Final state (year 2005) / Prosopis invaded / Not invaded / Row total / Class total
Prosopis invaded / 11.82 / 69.93 / 82.08 / 83.17
Not invaded / 23.73 / 682.75 / 706.48 / 706.48
Class total / 36.22 / 752.68
Class changes / 24.07 / 69.93
Image difference / 46.95 / -46.19
Initial state (year 2005)
Final state (year 2010) / Prosopis invaded / Not invaded / Row total / Class total
Prosopis invaded / 51.99 / 266.66 / 318.65 / 318.65
Not invaded / 30.04 / 439.82 / 469.86 / 469.86
Class total / 82.03 / 706.48
Class changes / 31.18 / 266.66
Image difference / 235.48 / -236.62
Initial state (year 2010)
Final state (year 2013) / Prosopis invaded / Not invaded / Row total / Class total
Prosopis invaded / 118.96 / 156.17 / 275.13 / 275.20
Not invaded / 13.11 / 499.92 / 513.03 / 520.60
Class total / 132.07 / 656.44
Class changes / 13.11 / 156.52
Image difference / 143.13 / -135.84
Key / (adapted from Envi 5.0 User'sGuide: Exelis Visual Information Solutions, 2013 ):
  • The 'Class total' rows indicates the total number of pixels in the initial state class i.e. years 2000, 2005 and 2010.

  • The 'Class total' column stands for the total number of pixels in each final state class i.e. years 2005, 2010 and 2013.

  • The 'Row total' column is a class-wise summation of all final state pixels that fell into the selected initial state classes.

  • The 'Class changes' row refers to the total number of pixels changed from the initial state class

  • The 'Image difference' row refers to the difference in the total number of equivalently classed pixels in the two images which is computed as by subtracting initial state class total from the final state class. Positive values indicate increment in the class size while negative values show decrement in the class size.