PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT TERMS
19TH AMENDMENT- constitutional amendment gave women the right to vote
Susan B. Anthony -Leader of the women’s suffrage movement
women’s suffrage- The right to vote for women
Progressive Movement- Movement beginning about 1900 that aimed at solving political, economic, and social problems
Muckrakers / muckrakingWriters during the Progressive Era, who publicized social and political evils
Upton Sinclair - Author of “The Jungle.” Muckraker who exposed the meatpacking industry of Chicago
Pure Food and Drug Act - law that made manufacturers put a label on products that listed its ingredients.
“Square Deal”- Theodore Roosevelt’s Progressive program
“New Freedom”- Woodrow Wilson’s Progressive program
Initiative- A process that permits citizens to propose laws to their state or local governments
Referendum- A process by which citizens may vote on laws that have been passed by a legislative body
Secret ballot- reform Progressives used to protect voters’ privacy
Primary elections- An election in which voters nominate candidates for office, rather than allowing political party leaders to choose that party’s candidates at state or local conventions
17thAmendment -Provided for direct election of U.S. senators rather than election by the state legislatures
Sherman Anti-Trust Act -An 1890 law that made it illegal for businesses to set up monopolies. It made illegal any business that “restrain[ed] trade.” It was weak because of vaguewording.
Knights of Labor- First union, but failed because it accepted all types workers in the United States.
American Federation of Labor - The strongest labor union. Accepted only skilled workers
Samuel Gompers -Leader of the American Federation of Labor.
Pullman Strike - A strike that shutdown the railroads for a week.1st time the Federal gov. stops a strike
Eugene V. Debs -Leader of the American Railway Union.
International Ladies’ Garment Workers UnionThe union affected the most by the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory tragedy.
Haymarket Square -A riot broke out after someone threw a bomb at the police and killed 7. Eight anarchists were convicted, four were hanged, and one committed suicide