Progressive Era (1890-1920) Unit
Name______Due March 12th
Essential Questions:
- What should be the role of government in regulating the economy?
- What should be the role of government in regulating the social morality?
- How far should the government go to ensure public welfare?
- How effective were the political Progressive reforms in addressing the shortcomings of American democracy?
Terms & People / Define term in your own words…
Progressive Era / In the early 20th century a reform movement seeking to return control of the govt. to the people. To restore economic opportunities and to correct injustices in American life.
muckraker / name applied to American journalists, novelists, and critics who in the first decade of the 20th century attempted to expose the abuses of business and the corruption in politics.
Lincoln Steffens / named as a leading figure of the muckraking movement. Wrote the book Shame of the Cities.
Jacob Riis / Used his talents to expose the hardships of NYC’s poor. Wrote the book How the Other Half Lives
Jane Addams’ settlement house / American social reformer and pacifist who founded Hull House (1889), a care and education center for the poor of Chicago, and worked for peace and many social reforms.
direct primary / An election in which citizens themselves vote to select nominees for upcoming elections.
initiative / gave people the power to put a proposed new law directly in the ballot of next elections by collecting citizens’ signatures.
17th Amendment / established direct election of United States Senators by popular vote.
Terms & People / Define term in your own words…
referendum / allowed citizens to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature.
recall / gave voters the power to remove public servants from office before their term ended.
suffrage / The right to vote
Alice Paul / Alice Stokes Paul was an American suffragist, feminist, and women's rights activist who recruited women of all backgrounds and classes.
Carrie Chapman Catt / Carrie Chapman Catt was an American women's suffrage leader who campaigned for the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave U.S. women the right to vote in 1920.
19th Amendment / prohibits any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex.
Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal / A domestic program started by Theodore Roosevelt. It was based on 3 basic ideas: Conservation of natural resources, control of corporations and consumer protection. This was entirely aimed at the middle-class citizen.
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle / It exposed the sickening conditions of the meatpacking industry.
Pure Food and Drug Act
Meat Inspection Act / Meat Inspection Act -In 1906, Roosevelt pushed for the passage of the meat inspection which dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meat packers. And created the program of Federal Meat Inspection.
PFDA- It called for the truth in labeling that would provide consumers with accurate information.
16th Amendment / Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration.
18th Amendment / The 18th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibited the manufacture, sale, transport, import, or export of alcoholic beverages.
Hepburn Act
Elkins Act / federal government regulates railroads rates.
imposed fines on railroads that gave special rates to shippers.
Clayton Antitrust Act / strengthen Sherman Anti-Trust and also protected worker unions.
New York State Tenement Housing Act / Banned the construction of dark, poorly ventilated tenement buildings in the state of New York. Among other sanctions, the law required that new buildings must be built with outward-facing windows in every room, an open courtyard, proper ventilation systems, indoor toilets, and fire safeguards.