Pre-notes across the bottom of home screen:
Energy makes all movement and change possible. It exists in many forms. Your body gives off heat energy. Land and the oceans are warmed by solar energy. Electrical energy flows through wires.
This app explores several forms of energy with videos and fun facts. We will explore the major types of energy: potential energy and kinetic energy.
Potential energy is stored energy that is ready to use. Kinetic energy is energy of motion. It is not just ready; it’s already on the move.
We will also look at energy transformation or energy change. Energy is never destroyed, but it can change form. For example, electrical energy that enters a television is changed into sound, light, and heat energy.
Open the EnergyHD app
Select Potential Energy-
Select Read and Learn: Read through all of the information.
Did you KNOW: (Scroll through and read the facts at the bottom of the screen.)
Tap the left arrow at the top of the screen.
Select Touch and Learn Fill in the blanks and answer the questions as you cycle through the information.
Conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy:
Touch the glowing spots on the left silver ball that is pulled away from the rest.
Named after Sir Isaac Newton, the (1)______Newton’s Cradle ____demonstrates the Law of Conservation of Energy and Momentum. Energy is converted from potential energy to kinetic energy and vice
versa, but the total energy remains the (2)____same______.The device consists of a series of pendulums (5-7 steel balls suspended by a wire) that line up in a row. When one of the balls at the end is
pulled away, it (3) __gains___ gravitational potential energy. This potential energy is converted into kinetic energy when it is released. As the end ball strikes the other balls, it transfers the
(4)____momentum______to the other balls and finally to the ball at the opposite end.
As the end ball at the opposite side swings, its (5)___kinetic____ energy is converted to (6)_____potential______energy.
Tap the screen outside of the info box. Touch the glowing spot between the third and fourth silver ball. Watch the video.
(7)Describe what happens in the video.
One ball is pulled back and it runs into the other balls. the other end ball goes up. then swings back then two push three then at the end both end balls swing into the other hanging balls causing different numbers of them to move.
Slide your finger left to right to advance to the next screen.
Water behind a dam has an immense (8)______gravitational______potential energy.
Touch the blinking yellow dot on the left side of the screen.
Water behind a dam has a lot of potential energy. Both the (9) ____volume______of the
water and the (10) __height_____ difference (or the head) between where the water enters and leaves the dam, determine the power that can be extracted from the water.
Touch the screen to exit the popup window. Touch the blinking yellow dot just left of the center of the screen.
When the water is held behind a dam is released, the (11) ___force____ of the water
drives the (12)___blades____ of a turbine, which is connected to a generator
that produces electricity. The water is then released into the river on the other side of the dam.
Ignore the blinking yellow dot near the bottom left of the screen. You can’t watch the video.—The video does not exist.
Slide your finger left to right to advance to the next screen.
A battery has (13)____chemical____ potential energy.
Touch the yellow dot near the center of the screen.
Batteries store chemical energy and convert it into electricity when connected to a
(14)___circuit______. A battery is made up of multiple electrochemical cells or galvanic cells. Each
electrochemical cell has a positive terminal called a (15)____cathode_____,
a negative terminal called the (16)______anode______, and the medium or the electrolyte. When connected to a circuit, chemical reactions occur at both the anode and the cathode that
(17)___convert___ chemical energy into electrical energy.
Touch the screen to exit the popup. Touch the blinking yellow dot on the left side of the screen. Watch the video
(18) Who invented the battery? Alesandro Volta
(19) What do batteries need to work? A flow of electrons from high concentration to low concentration.
(20) What is the source of the current? the two types of metals zinc and copper
(21) What is the flow of electrons called? electrical current
(22) Why does the frog’s leg jump? Electrons flow from the zinc through the frog’s leg and into the copper. The nerve in the frog’s muscle is sensitive to electricity.
Touch the screen to exit the popup. Slide your finger left to right to advance to the next screen.
Wood has (23)___stored_____ chemical energy
Touch the blinking yellow dot on bottom left side of the screen.
Potential energy is stored energy. Potential chemical energy is stored in the
(24) __Chemical bonds__. The most common examples of chemical energy include fuels, food, wood, natural gas, etc.
Chemical energy is released as (25)__light____ or (26) ___heat____ when atoms or molecules combine or break apart.
Chemical reactions that release energy are called (27)____exothermic______,
while ones that absorb energy
are called (28)______endothermic______.
Touch the screen to exit the popup. Touch the blinking yellow dot on the right side of the screen.
When wood is burned, the chemical energy in the wood is converted to (29)______heat_____.
Chemical potential energy is ready to be released in a chemical reaction. The energy could be released when
atoms and molecules (30) ____combine_____ or when they
(31) ___break apart____. If atoms or molecules combine, the chemical energy is
stored in the bonds that make up the (32) ___molecules_____. If atoms
or molecules break apart, then the chemical energy is released as heat and light.
Slide your finger left to right to advance to the next screen.
Food contains stored (33)_____chemical_____ energy.
Touch the blinking yellow dot on the left side of the screen.
Another form of potential chemical energy is in the food we eat. The amount of energy in the food varies depending on the type of food.
The energy stored in food is measured in (34)_____Calories______. One calorie
is the amount of heat or energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.
The chemical energy stored in the food is used by (35)____animals______for a wide range of functions that include providing energy for the brain and muscles, maintaining body temperature, and providing energy for growing and reproducing.
Touch the screen to exit the popup. Touch the blinking yellow dot on the right side of the screen. Watch the video.
(36) Which food type had the most energy? Why? Cheese puffs had more energy because they had more calories and oil.
Touch the screen to exit the popup. Tap the left arrow at the top of the screen. Select See and Learn
Tap the left arrow at the top of the screen.
Select Watch and Learn. Watch each video and answer the questions. Use your earbuds if in class please.
*Solar Radiation and the Sun’s Path Chapter 1 (4:47)
Home consumes energy in many ways: What percent of consumed energy is used on each of the following:
(1) cooling and heating of space____38%____
(2) water heating_____13%______
(3) Lighting ____9%_____
(4) What changes the amount of solar energy gained through the seasons? Solar altitude angle
(5) What is the name for the angle related to the southerly direction of solar energy called? Azimuth
*How Geothermal Energy Works (4:54)
(6) Where are the hottest granites on Earth at reasonable drilling depth? Cooper Basin in Australia
*Introduction to Wind Power
(7) What where the first windmills produced to do? Pumping water.
(8) When did large wind farms first appear and wind produced energy become commercially
available? late 1990’s
(9) What are the parts of a wind turbine? Rotor blades, Nacelle, Tower
*Lightning Science from the University of Arizona (5:35)
(10) What are the two types of lightning? cloud to ground, cloud to cloud
(11) Describe why/how lightning works. positive and negative electrical charge build up and separate, release of negative electrical discharges
(12) How hot is the heat energy of the return stroke? 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit
(13) What kind of lightning flashes tend to have a greater probability for starting fires and damaging
electrical power lines? positive charge lightning
*Where Energy Comes From (3:52)
(14) What are the three types of fossil fuels produced from organic remains of prehistoric
plants and animals? coal, oil and natural gas
(15) What type of charge does the nucleus have? positive
(16) What type of charge do electrons have? negative
(17) What is the flow of electrons called? electricity
(18) Name three kinds of renewable, cleaner energy forms. wind power, hydro power, solar power
*Kinetic & Potential Energy (4:07)
(19) What type of energy did the rock have when it was falling? Kinetic energy
(20) True or False. The faster moving rock has less kinetic energy than the slower moving rock.
*Potential Energy: Wile E. Coyote & Roadrunner (1:22)
(21) The elastic potential of the torsional spring in the giant mouse trap had ____potential___
energy that was converted to ___kinetic____ energy. potential, kinetic
(22)The elastic potential of the compressional spring converted to kinetic energy that converted to
_____gravitational______potential energy that converted to kinetic energy.
*Physics: Kinetic and Potential Energy in a Roll (1:47)
(23) The basic underlying principals start with what? The Law of Conservation of Energy
(24) The ability to do work is called what? energy
(25) Moving something with force through a distance is known as what? work
*DNA Animations: What is Potential Energy? (:30)
(26) Stored energy is called what? potential energy
(27) True or False. To build potential energy you can raise an object against gravity.
Tap the left arrow at the top of the screen.
Select Quiz and Learn
Potential Energy
1. Which could cause energy to appear as light?
A. atoms combining
B. molecules combining
C. molecules breaking apart
D. all of the above
2. Which of the following is most responsible for movement?
A. energy
B. molecules
C. chemicals
D. scientists don’t know
3. According to the lesson, what type of energy does your body produce?
A. light
B. heat
C. nuclear
D. all of the above
4. Which of the following is true?
A. Energy cannot be stored.
B. Kinetic energy is stored energy.
C. Potential energy is stored energy.
D. None of the above.
5. What are the two main types of energy mentioned in the lesson?
A. chemical and nuclear
B. potential and kinetic
C. light and heat
D. mechanical and elastic
6. Which type of energy relies most heavily on an object’s position?
A. chemical
B. gravitational
C. nuclear
D. electrical
7. Which of the following is true?
A. Most objects do not contain potential energy.
B. Without burning fossil fuels, we could never meet energy demands.
C. Enough solar energy is available to power all current human activities.
D. Water is an outdated source of power.
8. How is chemical energy similar to nuclear energy?
A. They are both examples of gravitational energy.
B. They are both examples of mechanical energy.
C. They both happen when bonds break or form.
D. They are both risk-free sources of power.
9. Why is it more dangerous to drop a stone from higher up?
A. Chemical reactions are more powerful in a thin atmosphere.
B. Nuclear reactions are more powerful with height.
C. Energy increases with speed.
D. All of the above.
10. How is kinetic energy different from potential energy?
A. Only kinetic energy can be stored.
B. Kinetic energy is in motion.
C. Kinetic energy can be destroyed.
D. Only kinetic energy can be increased.
11. Your teacher is about to dive off of a board. How could your teacher make a more powerful splash?
A. Stand on a lower board.
B. Stand on a higher board.
C. Wear heavy clothes.
D. Both stand on higher a board and wear heavy clothes.
12. If two objects have the same mass, what could explain their different potentials for energy?
A. different lengths
B. different heights
C. different lengths and heights
D. none, they both have the same potential.
13. Which object has greater potential energy?
A. a rubber band resting on the ground
B. a hunting bow resting on the ground
C. a rubber band that is stretched
D. a rubber band that is not stretched
14. Gravity is weaker on the Moon than on Earth. If cats were astronauts, how would their potential energy change on the moon?
A. The cat’s potential energy would not change.
B. The cat’s weights must be known.
C. Cats would have more potential energy on the Moon than on the Earth.
D. Cats would have less potential energy on the Moon than on Earth.
15. If you bounced a ball, at what point would it have more potential energy?
A. before it left your hands
B. immediately after leaving your hands
C. when it hit the ground
D. when it started to bounce up from the ground.
Select the back button twice to the home page. Select Kinetic Energy.
Select Read and Learn Read through all of the information.
Did you KNOW: (Scroll through and read the facts at the bottom of the screen.)
Tap the left arrow at the top of the screen. Select Touch and Learn Fill in the blanks and answer the questions as you cycle through the information.
A swing has both kinetic and potential energy.
Touch the blinking yellow dot on the center of the screen. Press play on the video.
Pulling the bowling ball back from the middle, it gave it potential energy. When we let go of it, it had kinetic
energy. The kinetic energy will (1)___never______be bigger than the potential energy. It’s
only going to have as much energy as we gave it. Energy can be changed from one form to another.
Electricity is a form of energy. A lot of it comes from the heat released from burning (2)___coal_____.
Slide your finger left to right to advance to the next screen.