Plants Study Guide

·  Label parts of the flower p.277

·  Auxin controls a plants response to light by speeding up the rate at which some cells grow. (T)

·  Stamens are the male reproductive parts of flowers. (T)

·  A conifer is a kind of angiosperm. (F – gymnosperm)

·  Stomata open and close to control the flow of food. (F – gases)

·  All seed plants have vascular tissue and produce seeds.

·  The leaves of a fern are called fronds.

·  Plants that produce seeds enclosed in a fruit are called angiosperms.

·  Pollen is produced by male cones.

·  A waxy, waterproof layer called a cuticle covers the leaves of most plants.

·  All seed plants have roots, stems, and leaves.

·  A plant that has a two-year life cycle is called a biennial.

·  An example of positive phototropism is flowers growing to face the sun.

·  Sepals protect developing flowers.

·  In the sporophyte stage, plants produce spores.

·  Ferns can be classified as seedless vascular plants.

·  A fern is a vascular plant.

·  The function of a rhizoid is to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

·  The process by which plants lose water through their leaves is transpiration.

·  The vascular tissue through which food travels from the leaves to the stems and roots is called phloem.

·  For plants to survive on land, they need all of the following except ways to live in a moist environment.

Essay

·  Describe the two different stages of a plants life cycle.

o  In the sporophyte stage, the plant produces spores that can grow into new plants. A spore develops into the plant’s other stage, called the gametophyte. In the gametophyte stage, the plant produces the gametes, which are sperm cells and egg cells. They join to form a zygote that develops into a sporophyte. Then the cycle begins again.

·  On the lower surface of mature fronds, many ferns have structures that contain spores. What advantage for the fern might there be for the structures to be located there?

o  Having the spore-producing structures on a leaf’s lower surface leaves the upper surface free to gather light energy. The spores can more easily fall to the ground. The frond might protect the spore-producing structures from rain or other things that might fall on them.

·  Describe why it is advantageous for seeds to be dispersed by pods that burst open rather than just dropping to the ground.

o  Seeds that are dispersed away from the parent plant do not have to compete with the parent for light, water, and nutrients

·  Describe when a long-day plant produces flowers.

o  A long-day plant produces flower when nights are shorter than its critical night length.