Physical Science UNIT 1 Review (Chemistry)

Physical Science UNIT 1 Review (Chemistry)

Structure and Properties of Matter - (S8P1.a) Pure Substances And Mixtures, (S8P1.b) Phases Of Matter, (S8P1.c) Chemical And Physical Properties, (S8P1.d) Chemical And Physical Changes, (S8P1.e) Atomic Structure, (S8P1.f) Conservation Of Matter

1)One difference between mixtures and pure substances is that

A) / mixtures can be physically separated.
B) / mixtures are made of one type of atom.
C) / pure substances have no chemical bonds.
D) / pure substances can be physically separated.

2)When two or more substances combine, but each keeps its own properties, the new combination is called a(an)

A) / Element
B) / Mixture
C) / Compound
D) / Homogeneous substance

3)Suppose you have a container filled with iron and sand. You can separate the iron from the sand if you ______so this is a ______.

A) / use a magnet; mixture.
B) / melt the sand; mixture.
C) / add baking soda; chemical compound.
D) / dissolve the sand in water; solution.

4)These may all be classified as

A) / elements and compounds.
B) / elements and molecules.
C) / elements and pure substances.
D) / compounds and pure substances.

5)In the classification of matter chart, letter A. would be a(n)

A) / acid.
B) / compound.
C) / element.
D) / solution.

6)As matter changes state from gas to liquid, which of these statements is true?

A) / The particles speed up.
B) / The particles slow down.
C) / The particles get farther apart.
D) / The attractive force between the particles decreases.

7)In which state of matter has the LEAST kinetic energy?

A) / gas
B) / liquid
C) / plasma
D) / solid

8)When the sun heats up the surface of a puddle of water, the water

A) / condenses.
B) / evaporates.
C) / infiltrates.
D) / precipitates.

9)The substances shown are ordered (from left to right) in order of increasing

A) / density.
B) / kinetic energy.
C) / potential energy.
D) / intermolecular attractions.

10)Which particle has the most energy?

A) / ice
B) / water
C) / steam
D) / there is no difference in particle energy

11)Rusting metal is an example of a ______change.

A) / phase
B) / state
C) / chemical
D) / physical

12)During Mr. Nye's science class, students were expected to identify various substances using physical properties they could easily measure. Mr. Nye gave each of the five groups a green, metal cube and asked them to identify what the cube was made of.
Matt's cube, after 5 trials, had an average density of 7.40 g/cm3. His group's cube was made of

A) / aluminum.
B) / gold.
C) / nickel.
D) / zinc.

13)Most metals are solid at room temperature, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity, and react in acids to produce hydrogen gas. Which of the properties mentioned is a chemical property?

A) / are malleable
B) / reacts with acids
C) / solid at room temperature
D) / are good conductors of heat

14)Step 1: Grind substance into a fine powder with a mortar and pestle.
Step 2: Add the substance to a beaker containing 300 mL of water.
Step 3: The mixture bubbles and a gas is emitted.

The substance's ability to be ground into smaller pieces in step 1 would be classified in which area of the Venn diagram?

A)
B)
C)
D)

15)Where would you place this property in the Venn diagram?

A)
B)
C)
D)

16)Which is evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred?

A) / a phase change occurs
B) / a new gas is observed in the form of bubbles
C) / red and yellow paint mixing to make orange paint
D) / the temperature of the substance remains constant

17)Which statement describes evidence of a chemical reaction?

A) / ice melting
B) / water boiling
C) / lighting a match
D) / grape juice freezing

18)Which of these is an example of a physical change?

A) / iron melting
B) / steel rusting
C) / paper burning
D) / wood decaying

19)When determining whether a chemical reaction has taken place, you observe and look for several indicators. Which would be considered an indication that a chemical reaction or chemical change has taken place?

A) / Solid melts.
B) / Heat is given off.
C) / Substance dissolves
D) / Substance changes shape.

20)Maria and Miquel were enjoying fireworks when they got into a chemistry argument. Maria insisted that the fireworks were the result of a chemical reaction. Miguel disagreed. What would you tell them to solve this argument?

A) / It is a change of state, solid to gas, due to the addition of energy.
B) / It was a physical reaction since the fuse was lit and heat was produced.
C) / The color changes and the release of energy indicate a chemical reaction.
D) / It is an endothermic reaction because energy was added; therefore it is a chemical reaction,

21)All the elements of a family in the periodic table have what feature in common?

A) / They all have similar chemical properties.
B) / They all have the same number of protons in the nucleus.
C) / They are all located in the same horizontal row or period.
D) / They all have the same number of electrons in the electron cloud.

22)The atomic number of magnesium is 12. This means that its nucleus must contain

A) / 6 protons and 6 neutrons.
B) / 6 neutrons and 6 electrons.
C) / 12 neutrons and no protons.
D) / 12 protons and no electrons.

23)What element behaves MOST like magnesium?

A) / S
B) / Si
C) / Sn
D) / Sr

24)Which is MOST LIKELY a solid at room temperature?

A) / chlorine
B) / hydrogen
C) / neon
D) / potassium

25)Elements in the same group/family of the periodic table are similar in what way?

A) / They are all metals
B) / They are all nonmetals
C) / They have a full outer shell of electrons.
D) / They have the same number of valence electrons.

26)If there are 4 grams of reactant, how many grams of product are produced by the chemical reaction?

A) / 0 grams
B) / 2 grams
C) / 4 grams
D) / 8 grams

27)Using the Law of Conservation of Matter, determine the number of grams of iron sulfide (FeS) that will be produced in this reaction.
112g Fe + 64g S → _____ g FeS

A) / 48 grams
B) / 64 grams
C) / 112 grams
D) / 176 grams

28)The law of conservation of matter states that during a chemical reaction, the amount of matter

A) / increases.
B) / decreases.
C) / disappears.
D) / stays the same.

29)If there are 2 grams of product produced by the chemical reaction, how many grams of reactant were consumed?

A) / 0 grams
B) / 1 gram
C) / 2 grams
D) / 4 grams

30)Describe the mass of the reactants and products given the balanced chemical reaction.

A) / The mass of the products is 2/3 that of the reactants.
B) / The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.
C) / The mass of the reactants is less than the mass of the products.
D) / The mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products.