2011/12
Cook/Hicks
Photojournalism Fall Final Exam Review
Multiple Choice:
1. What part of the camera compares to the pupil of the eye? aperture
2. What is depth of field and how do you control or change it on the camera? DOF is how much of your picture will be in focus and is controlled by the aperiture
3. Which f/stop numbers would give you the largest lens opening? The smaller the f/number the larger the lens opening
4. Which f/stop numbers would give you the shallowest depth of field? The smaller the f/number the shallower the DOF
5. Which shutter speed let the most light hit the film? The longer the shutter speed—remember they are fractions, so 1, ½, ¼ will be longer than 1/500 or 1/1000
6. What 2 things on the camera control the amount of light hitting the film? Shutter speed and aperture
7. When you are hand-holding the camera (not on a tripod), using a 50mm lens, what is the slowest shutter speed you should use to guarantee that your pictures aren’t blurry from the camera shaking? 1/60
8. When you are loading film onto the reel, what kind of light can you use? none
9. When you are printing your pictures, what kind of light can you use? safe (or red) lights
10. What is the order of chemical steps in printing your pictures? Developer, stop bath, fixer, water (or wash)
11. What is the order of chemical steps in developing your film? Developer, stop bath, fixer, water (or wash), photoflo
12. After which chemical can the film or the photo paper be looked at (it’s “safe”) in the white light? fixer
13. What does it mean if your film is too dark? (2 possibilities) overexposed or overdeveloped
14. What does it mean if your film is too light? (2 possibilities) underexposed or underdeveloped
15. How do you know if the batteries need to be changed in your camera? It won’t turn on or your light meter doesn’t work
Matching: Composition Elements
16. rule of thirds: The subject is off-center in the frame.
17. balance: The picture is symmetrical.
18. freezing the action: There should be no blurring of movement in the picture
19. motion or movement: Picture taken in a way that suggests movement
20. shallow depth of field: Either the foreground or the background is out of focus
21. great depth of field: The entire picture, front to back, is in focus
22. leading lines: These create a road-map for the eye within the picture
23. single center of interest: Contains only one subject
24. interesting perspective: Photo taken from an unusual vantage point or unusual way
25. framing the subject: There is something within the picture creating a frame around the subject.
26. filling the frame: The subject takes up the entire frame
Matching: Photo Definitions #1
27. aperture : the opening in the lens of the camera28. composition : the arrangement of the items within a photograph
29. contrast : the range of blacks and whites in a picture
30. developer : the first stage in any developing process
31. exposure : the amount of the light hitting the film or paper
32. exposure meter: used to take “readings” of the light entering the camera so that the correct settings can be chosen for that particular shot
33. focus : making the image sharp
34. foreground : the area in front of the subject of a photograph
35. contact sheet: made by placing the entire negative sleeve of negatives on top of photo paper and exposing it to light
36. pinhole negative: the image that is made by using a simple (often hand-made) camera with a tiny opening in the “lens”
37. photogram: a picture made by placing objects on photo paper & exposing it to light
Matching: Photo Definitions #2
38. Contact Print / A print made by placing a negative directly on the photo paper and exposing it. There is no enlargement39. Cropping / The elimination of certain sections of a picture
40. Easel / Used below the enlarger to focus the picture and hold the paper in place
41. Enlarger / The machine used to make the negative film into a positive print and increase the image size
42. Filter / A piece of colored plastic used to filter out certain waves of light. It is used when printing to create a more or less contrasty print
43. Fixer / The third step in all developing
44. Overexposure: / Occurs when a print or film gets too much exposure
45. Photo-Flo / Used with film to make the water slide off without water spots
History of American Photography Video
Matching A
46. the first box camera: Brownie
47. the cost of the first box camera: $1
48. the number of those cameras that sold in America: ¼ million
49. the way families got news to each other easily: postcards
50. the combining of two or more pictures to create a new one: photomontage
51. the process that allowed pictures to be reproduced in newspapers: halftone
52. the first magazine to widely use photos and pioneered color photo use: National Geographic
53. staged pictures used with pictures of the real players pasted on: composographs
54. the oldest tabloid newspaper: New York Daily News
55. magazine that was the biggest mass market hit: Life
Matching B
56. led the photo secessionists movement: Alfred Stieglitz
57. took pictures of the American landscape: Ansel Adams
58. took many pictures of native Americans: Edward Curtis
59. pioneered the movement called Straight Photography: Paul Strand
60. worked against child labor: Lewis Hine
61. the first sports star to be used widely in ads: Babe Ruth
62. took pictures of the civil rights movement in Birmingham, Ala.: Danny Lyon
63. was beaten to death for whistling at a white woman: Emmitt Till
64. was the first modern presidential master of the photo-op: John F. Kennedy
65. used photos in the substance of his art, like pictures of Marilyn Monroe: Andy Warhol
Matching: Camera Parts and Enlarger Parts