Photo 1 Final Exam Study Guide
Vocabulary and identification
35mm manual SLR camera parts and functions (SLR stands for Single Lens Reflex)
Film speed/ISO- the film’s sensitivity to light; the higher the number, the more sensitive to light it is but also more noise/grain to the photo). We typically use ISO 400. Outdoor ample light setting could use 200; low light setting could use 800+.
Aperture/f a stop- the opening size. This is a factor in determining how much light is let into your camera. The bigger the number, the smaller the opening (1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22)
Shutter speed- determines how long the shutter is open for, also a factor in how much light you let in. (30, 60, 125, 250, 500, 100)The bigger the number, the faster the shutter speed; a shutter speed of less 60 requires a tripod.
Aperture + Shutter Speed = Exposure
Lens- what light travels through to enter your shutter.
Shutter- the opening in your camera that allows light to enter and record your image.
Focus ring- on your lens, how you focus your image.
Viewfinder- what you look through to determine composition.
Light meter- a gauge inside your lens to help you determine the correct exposure settings.
Film advance – lever to advance your film inside your camera to the next exposure
Lens cap – to cover and protect your lens
Rewind button- button on bottom of camera you need to push inorder to manually rewind your film.
How to correctly expose and take photos using all manual settings (Exposure, f-stop/Aperture, shutter speed, light meter)
Composition: how you arrange the elements of your photo
Shallow depth of field: subject in foreground is focused, background is blurry. Requires a large aperture and a fast shutter speed (ex: 2.8/500)
Great depth of field: Foreground, middle ground and background are all in focus. Requires a small aperture and slow shutter speed (ex: 11/125)
Rule of thirds: the idea that images placed just off center in a composition are more visually interesting than centered compositions.
Horizon Line: where the sky meets the land
Bracketing: taking several shots with exposure settings on either side of what your light meter tells you to ensure a correctly exposed image.
Stop Action requires a shutter speed of 250 or faster
Film Development
Changing bag, developing tank, film reel
Kodak D76- the chemical developer we use
Fix- the chemical fixative we use
Darkroom/ Printing
Enlarger: the device used to project your negative into a positive for printing
Chemicals used- developer, fix and wash
Ratio for mixing developer 1:9
Contact sheet: thumbnails of your images on one sheet
Negative carrier: the device in the enlarger to hold your negative while projecting it.
Test strip: small strip of photo paper exposed at various times in order to determine correct exposure time.
Enlargement: aka print exposed through an enlarger
Contrast: the lights and darks in an artwork. An ideal b/w photo has a deep black area, bright white area and many tones of gray.
Double Exposure: two images printed on top of each other
We use IlfordMultigrade RC (resin coated) darkroom paper for printing