Personal Hygiene, Grooming and Appearance

HS Q2 – Kilgore

Personal hygiene, grooming and appearance

Topic Terms

·  Grooming

·  Dermatologist

·  Deodorant

·  Antiperspirant

·  Depilatory

·  Plaque

·  Podiatrist

·  Athlete’s Foot

Other people’s impressions of you are influenced by the way you ______. Your appearance can also have a great impact on your _____-______. Your appearance is largely determined by the way you care for yourself. Books, magazines, hairstylists, and image consultants may be able to give you some tips to help you look your best.

A few basic guidelines can give anyone the foundation needed to have a pleasing appearance. ______ means cleaning and caring for the body. You must pay attention to all aspects of personal care, from head to toe.

Caring for Your Skin

Your ______is likely to be the first feature people notice about you. Having attractive skin is a three-part process.

First, you need to know your skin ______.

Second, you need to know how to care for your skin.

Finally, you have to ______what you know.

Skin Type

There are four skin types-normal, ______, dry, and combination.

Once you have identified your skin type, you can determine how best to care for it.

·  ______skin should be cleansed every morning and night. Use a lotion or moisturizer after cleansing helps prevent chapping and roughness.

·  ______skin should b e cleansed often. Some people use cleansers recommended for oily skin. After cleansing, cold water should be splashed on the face to help shrink pores. An astringent can also be used to tighten pores temporarily. Women with oily skin who wear makeup should look for ______-based products. If your skin is extremely oily and acne becomes a problem, you should see a dermatologist. A dermatologist is a ______who specializes in treating skin.

·  ______skin needs gentle care. Regular soap may be too harsh for dry skin. After washing, apply a moisturizing cream or oil based lotion to keep skin supple. All cosmetics should have an ______base.

To prevent dry skin, avoid prolonged contact with ______water. Use warm, rather than hot water to wash the skin. Try to limit showers to ______minutes. In winter, use a humidifier. The added moisture in the air will help prevent the drying of your skin.

·  If you have combination skin, you may try cleansing according to the ______principle. If your skin is mostly oily, treat it like oily skin. If it is mostly dry, treat it like dry skin. You may need to give special attention to an area that is especially dry or oily. ______-based cosmetics are mostly preferred for combination skin.

Identifying Your Skin Type

Your skin type is normal if it-

·  Takes about _____hours after cleansing for a slight shine to appear on your nose, chin, or forehead.

·  Feels smooth, soft, and slightly moist.

·  Has a clear, smooth texture with few, if any enlarged pores or blemishes.

Your skin type is dry if it-

·  Takes ______or more hours after cleansing for a slight shine to appear on your nose, chin, or forehead.

·  Has a fine texture with ______pores.

·  Feels tight and has fine lines around the eyes and mouth.

·  Becomes red, sore, and chapped in cold weather.

Your skin type is oily if it-

·  Takes one to two hours after cleansing for an oily shine to appear on your nose, chin, or forehead.

·  Has a coarse texture and enlarged pores, especially on the chin and nose.

·  Develops ______and blackheads.

·  Shows a little flakiness around the nose where excess oil has dried from exposure to the air.

Your skin type is combination if it-

·  Takes ______hours after cleansing for an oily shine to appear on your nose, chin, or forehead.

·  Has enlarged pores and blackheads in the oily areas of the nose, chin, or forehead.

·  Feels dry around the eyes, cheeks, mouth, and throat.

Basic Hygiene

Caring for your skin involves cleaning more than just your face. Basic ______, or practices that promote good health, include cleansing your whole body. You need to take a bath or shower every day. Soap and warm water will remove dirt, oils, and dead skin cells. This will help you feel and smell fresh.

You can control body odor by using a deodorant or antiperspirant. As you perspire, bacteria act on the perspiration to cause body odor. ______ is a grooming product that controls body odor by interfering with the growth of bacteria. In addition to controlling odor, an ______ reduces the flow of perspiration.

A Smooth Shave

Hair removal is another aspect of skin care. An electric preshave lotion may be used for shaving with an electric razor. Shaving cream will soften the beard before shaving with a safety razor. Light, ______strokes with a sharp blade will produce a close shave. Shaving in the ______direction as the hair grows helps protect delicate skin.

After shaving with either type of razor, men should ______their skin. Rinsing first with warm water and then cold water will remove shaving aid residue and close the pores. Some men choose to apply aftershave to soothe the skin.

Women moisten their legs and underarms with shaving cream or water before shaving with a safety razor. ______, careful strokes with a sharp blade produce the best results. Applying moisturizing cream or lotion after shaving helps keep skin soft and smooth.

Some women use chemical ______, which dissolve unwanted hair so it can be washed away. Read and follow the package directions carefully.

Your Skin and the Sun

Another important aspect of skin care is avoiding exposure to the sun. The sun is damaging to the skin and is a leading cause of skin ______. People of all ages and skin colors are at risk of developing skin cancer. Everyone should take precautions to avoid sun exposure.

Try to stay out of the sun when rays are strongest—between ___ a.m. and __ p.m.

The sun’s damaging rays can be reflected off sand, water, and concrete. You need to protect your skin even if you will be in a ______area.

To protect yourself, wear long sleeves, pants, and a hat. Also, apply a good ______to exposed skin.

Caring for Your Teeth

Regular dental checkups and daily brushing and flossing should be a part of your health routine. Brush teeth a least twice daily and floss _____ a day. Choose a soft-bristled toothbrush. ______ is a colorless film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. It combines with sugar to create acids that attack the gums and tooth enamel. This can lead to tooth decay and _____ disease. Dental floss is effective in removing plaque from between teeth.

Caring for Your Hair

Hair care is basic to a healthy, attractive appearance. Before you can care for your hair, you need to know if it is oily, dry, or normal.

·  ______hair tends to look limp a day or two after shampooing. It begins to cling close to the scalp.

·  ____ hair, on the other hand feels dry and tends to have a “fly away” look.

If neither of these descriptions applies to your hair, you probably have normal hair.

Hair care involves a number of steps. Proper shampooing, conditioning, and styling all play an important role in your appearance.

Shampooing

How often should you shampoo your hair? That depends on your hair type.

Oily hair may need to be shampooed ______.

Once or twice a week may be enough for dry hair.

If you have problems with dandruff or scalp infections, try shampooing more often.

Choose a shampoo formulated for your hair type. Rinse your hair thoroughly. Residue from shampoo can leave a dulling film on hair and cause flaking and ______.

When shampooing oily hair, use ______water for the final rinse. Hot water will activate the oil glands and make the hair even more oily.

Choose combs and brushes that will treat your hair gently. Combs should have teeth with smooth, rounded edges. Brushes should have ______bristles or soft bristles with rounded tips. Sharp teeth or stiff bristles with squared-off tips can break hairs and scratch the scalp.

Conditioning

Many people condition their hair as a final step in the shampooing process.

Conditioning products can help reduce tangling and make hair more manageable. They can help restore the appearance of hair that has been ______by overstyling and chemical treatments. Conditioning products also give hair more body, bounce, shine, and softness.

Styling

The basic rules for hairstyles are the same for men and women. Consider the ______of your hair, the shape of your ______, and your lifestyle when choosing a hairstyle.

A good hairstyle begins with a good ______. A professional hairstylist should be able to cut your hair to suit your hair’s texture and the shape of your face.

Your ______will affect your choice of a hairstyle. You should be able to care for your hair within a reasonable amount of time.

·  Your hairstyle should be suited to your ______.

·  It should not be a safety hazard as you work.

·  It should not be an inconvenience to you if you participate in sports.

Caring for Your Hands and Feet

Your hands are in sight most of the time. They are an important part of your overall appearance.

Begin by washing your hands frequently to keep them clean. Use a nailbrush on knuckles and under nails when your hands are especially soiled. Dry each fingernail separately; pushing ______back as you go. Never try to push ___ cuticles back. This tears them and makes them sore.

Weekly Hand Care

·  Cleanse hands thoroughly.

·  Clean under nail tips with a manicure stick.

·  Shape and smooth nails with a flexible emery board. File from underneath each nail in ______direction only.

·  Scrub nails in warm, soapy water with a small nailbrush to soften the cuticles.

·  Gently push back the cuticle with a manicure stick.

·  Trim any hangnails or ragged edges but never ______the cuticle itself.

·  Massage conditioning cream around each nail and over the hands.

Your feet get a lot of use and abuse.

·  Every day, you should wash your feet thoroughly using soap and a washcloth.

·  Scrub around toenails with a nailbrush.

·  Use a ______stone to smooth rough spots and calluses.

·  Dry your feet especially between the toes.

·  Apply a moisturizing cream or lotion.

·  Trim toenails ______across. Shaping them tends to encourage ingrown toenails, which can be very painful.

Foot problems are common.

______ is a contagious fungus infection that people can pick up anywhere. Over-the-counter products can often cure athlete’s foot. While treating the infection, keep the feet _____, use absorbent powders, and change shoes and socks frequently.

Other foot problems, like plantar warts and stubborn corns, need the attention of a podiatrist. A ______ is a physician specializing in the care of feet.

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