Pathology Is a Science Which Combines the Basis Fields of Medicine and Clinical Medicine

SYLLABUS

Pathomorphology

Pathology is a science which combines the basis fields of medicine and clinical medicine. Pathology is a study of causes, mechanisms, course and consequences of the disease. The pathology is classically divided into general and organ pathology. Proper clinical diagnosis is based on clear understanding etiology, pathogenesis, morphological and functional changes in specific diseases processes.

The pathology course includes lectures, and tutorials. During tutorials and lectures cell injury and cell death, inflammations, hemodynamic disorders, neoplasms, genetic and environmental diseases will be discussed first. Next the changes of diseases in particular systems will be discussed. Each of the pathology issues will be illustrated by guided and self-performed microscopic slides studies. After 4 week pathology course students are obligated to pass written test exam to obtain a credit for whole pathology course.

Teachers:

Prof. Andrzej Marszałek MD, PhD

Łukasz Szylberg MD, PhD

Joanna Maciejewska MD

Natalia Skoczylas-Makowska MD

Contact:

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I.  Department of Clinical Pathomorphology Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz

II.  Head of the unit: Prof. Andrzej Marszałek MD, PhD

III.  Faculty of Medicine, Medical Program, 3rd year

IV.  Course coordinator: Natalia Skoczylas-Makowska, MD

V.  Form of classes: lectures, tutorials

VI.  Form of crediting: Exam, 13 ECTS points

VII.  Number of hours: Lectures – 64 hours, Tutorials – 96 hours

VIII. Aim of the course

After completing the pathology course student has to know causes, pathomechanisms, clinical course and consequences of the disease and understand morphological and functional changes in specific diseases processes.

IX. Topics of tutorials (THE SCHEDULE FROM PATHOMORPHOLOGY INCLUDING A LIST OF SLIDES)

X. Topics of lectures

IX. THE SCHEDULE FROM PATHOMORPHOLOGY INCLUDING A LIST OF SLIDES.

I WEEK

1. Monday: Introduce to pathology + autopsy

Łukasz Szylberg MD, PhD

Topics:

ð  Legal issue related to autopsy and to the pathologist.

ð  Rules of writing a pathological diagnosis.

ð  Audiovisual presentation of autopsy techniques

ð  Autopsy demonstration with discussion of autopsy techiques.

ð  Signs of death.

ð  Autopsy techniques for haed, neck, chest, abdominal and pelvis examination.

ð  Autopsy in special cases – e.g. emphysema, embolisms, poisoning etc.

ð  Practical performed by students.

ð  Neonatal autopsy techniques

2. Tusday:

a) Adaptive changes. Natalia Skoczylas-Makowska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Atrophy, hyperplasia, hypertrophy, metaplasia – definition, division, causes, examples

ð  Dystrophic and metastatic calcification

ð  Fatty change and cellular swelling

ð  Necrosis – definition, types, morphology

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Adaptive changes

ð  Intracellular accumulations

ð  Pathologic calcification

Slides:

b) Hemodynamic disorders. Łukasz Szylberg, MD, PhD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Pulmonary thrombosis

ð  Infarction pale and red

ð  Hyperemia passive

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Edema

ð  Hyperemia

ð  Embolism

ð  Thrombosis

ð  Hemmorhage

Slides:

3. Wensday: Chronic and acute inflammation. Joanna Maciejewska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Definition of acute and chronic inflammation

ð  Characteristics of cells and processes with their participation in acute and chronic inflammation.

ð  Outcome of acute inflammation

ð  systemic and local symptoms of acute inflammation

ð  Granulomatous inflammation - definition

ð  Types of granulomas

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Morphology of inflammation

ð  Vascular changes in acute inflammation

ð  Lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes in acute inflammation

ð  Pathogenesis, morphology and clinical changes in syphilis and tuberculosis

Slides:

4. Thursday: Diseases of immunity. Natalia Skoczylas-Makowska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Organ changes in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, amyloidosis.

ð  Polyarteritis nodosa

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Systemic lupus erythematosus

ð  Scleroderma

ð  Rheumatoid arthritis

ð  Inflammatory myopathies

ð  Sjogren syndrome

ð  Vasculitides

Slides:

5. Friday: Neoplasms. Joanna Maciejewska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Morphological and clinical characteristic of benign and malignant neoplasms.

ð  Precancerous lesions.

ð  Metaplasia.Dysplasia.

ð  Carcinoma in situ.

ð  Microinvasion and early cancer.

ð  Pareneoplastic syndromes and kachexia

ð  Grading i stading.

ð  Tumor markers.

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Abnormal differentiation and maturation of tissues.

ð  Intraepithelial neoplasia.

ð  Benign epithelial neoplasms

ð  Malignant and locally malignant tumors.

ð  Epidemiology and diagnostic of neoplasms.

ð  Clinical features of neoplasms.

Slides:

II WEEK

1. Monday : Pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Łukasz Szylberg.MD, PhD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Gastritis.

ð  Peptic chronic ulcer.

ð  Colon cancer – morphologic and clinical features

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Congenital anomalies of gastrointestinal tract

ð  Esophagitis and tumors of esophagus

ð  Inflammation of gastrointestinal tract

ð  Peptic ulcer disease

ð  Neoplasms of stomach

ð  Intestinal vascular disease

ð  Diverticular disease

ð  Intestinal obstruction

ð  Tumors of the large and small intestine

Slides:

2. Tusday: Pathology of the liver, bile ducts and pancreas. Łukasz Szylberg, MD, PhD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Patterns of hepatic injury

ð  Acute and chronic viral hepatitis

ð  Drug and toxin-induced liver disease.

ð  Cirrhosis.

ð  Hemochromatosis

ð  Primary sclerosing choalngitis

ð  Circulatory disorders

ð  Malignant tumors of liver

ð  Cholelithiasis

ð  Acute pancreatitis

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Infectieous disorders

ð  Autoimmune hapatitis

ð  Alcoholic liver disease.

ð  Insufficiency of liver.

ð  Impaired blood flow into and through the liver.

ð  Metabolic liver diseases

ð  Cholestasis and disorders of the intrahepatic bile ducts

ð  Nodules and tumors of liver

ð  Fine and core needle biopsy

ð  Cholecystitis

ð  Tumors of the gallbladder

ð  Pancreatitis

ð  Neoplasms of pancreas

Slides:

3 Wensday.: Pathology of the respiratory tract part I. Joanna Maciejewska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Pneumonia – morphology and clinical features

ð  Pulmonary vascular diseases

ð  Chronic obturative disorders of lung.

ð  Pathology changes in pleura

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Etiology, pathogenesis, division and morphology mouth, throat, nose and trachea mucosa inflammations

ð  Bronchiectases

ð  Pneumonia – etiology, pathogenesis, morphology

ð  Pneumoconioses

ð  Obturative and restrictive disease of lung

ð  Cor pulmonale

Slides:

4. Thursday: Pathology of the respiratory tract part II. Joanna Maciejewska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Lung cancer

ð  Cancer of larynx

ð  Malignant tumors of the salivary glands

ð  Nosopharyngeal cancer

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Precancerous lesions and neoplasms of respiratory tract (including nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchus, pleura)

Slides:

5 Friday.: Childhood and infancy diseases. Łukasz Szylberg, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

ð  Fetal hydrops

ð  Necrotizing enterocolitis

ð  Wilms tumor

ð  Neuroblastoma

ð  Rethinoblastoma

ð  Rhabdomyosarcoma

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Congenital anomalies

ð  Respiratory distress syndrome

ð  Tumors of infancy and childhood

ð  Prasotic infections

Slides:

!! TEST (exercises 1-10 and lectures 1,2)

III WEEK

1. Monday : Pathology of heart and vascular diseases Natalia Skoczylas-Makowska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Morphology of infarction

ð  Hypertensive heart disease

ð  Bacterial endocarditis

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Atherosclerosis

ð  Aneurysms and varicoses

ð  Ischemic heart disease

ð  Myocardial infarction

ð  Right sided heart failure

ð  Endocarditis

Slides

2. Tusday : Pathology of the urinary tract. Natalia Skoczylas-Makowska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Nephritic syndrome

ð  Acute and chronić pyelonephritis

ð  Vascular lesions in benign and malignant hypertension

ð  Urolithiasis

ð  Hydronephrosis

ð  Renal cel carcinoma

ð  Urothelial carcinoma of bladder

Topics of tutorials:

ð  Nephritic syndrome and associated glomerulonephritis

ð  Tubulointestinal nephritis induced by grugs and toxins

ð  Nefropatia poanalgetyczna.

ð  Acute tubular necrosis

ð  Diseases of blood vessels

ð  Cystic diseases of kidney

ð  Tumors of the kidney and urinary tract

Slides:

3. Wensday: Hemopathology. Joanna Maciejewska, MD

Topics to prapare:

ð  Reactive lymphadenitis

ð  Definition of lymphoma and leukemia

ð  Clinical manifestations of proliferative diseases of the lymphatic system

ð  Hodgkin lymphoma – definition, types, morphology, clinical manifestation