Name: ______Per. ____ Date: ______
Outline Notes – Chapter 11 Lesson 3 – Unity and Sectionalism (pg. 308-315)
-Even though national pride was shown in the country during the years following the war of 1812, each region: North , South, and West wanted to further its own economic and political interests
-Nationalism – having a sense of loyalty and/or devotion to one’s country
-Sectionalism – a rivalry based on the special interests and goals of different areas
-James Monroe won the presidential election of 1816
-The Era of Good Feelings was the time when the mood in America was positive and there was a feeling of unity
-Henry Clay proposed a nationalist program to help the United States to grow. His “American System” aimed to help the economy in each section of the country and increase the power of the federal government. Clay’s program or system included:
- Higher tariffs
- The Second Bank of the United States
- Internal improvements such as roads, bridges, and canals.
-Inflation is a rise in the prices of goods. As prices rose, American families could buy less with each dollar
-Without a national bank, the federal government had no safe place to keep its funds (money).
-The purpose of the Second Bank was to restore order to the money supply in the country, helping American businesses to grow and prosper.
-British technology at this time was better and more advanced than American factories.
-British products/goods were of higher quality and at a lower price than goods made in the United States.
-By flooding the U.S. with British made goods, the British hoped to keep American businesses from competing
-American manufacturers called for high tariffs to protect their growing industries
-In 1816, Congress passed the Tariff of 1816. This was a high tax placed on imported goods to protect American manufacturers. The tariff made imported goods more expensive for people to buy and encouraged them to buy cheaper, American-made goods.
-Southerners (Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, etc…) were angry with these tariffs because they felt that the tariff protected Northern manufacturers at Southerners expense. The South only had a few factories at this time and the Southerners did not see the benefit from high tariffs. All the Southerners saw was higher prices for the goods they had to buy.
-Sectionalism brought an end to the Era of Good Feelings and was beginning to divide the nation.
-In the early 1800’s, three clear sections developed in the United States – the North, the South, and the West
-When there is a dispute between the state government and the national government, the national government prevails (wins). This is called the Supremacy Clause.
-A monopoly is a market where there is only one provider (the sole control of an industry)
-Interstate Commerce is economic activity taking place between two or more states
-In 1819, the Missouri Territory asked Congress for admission as a state. Would Missouri enter the country as a free state or a slave state? The Missouri Compromise in 1820 allowed Missouri to join as a slave state and Maine joined the country as a free state. An imaginary line was then drawn along the southern border of Missouri. No slavery could exist north of that line but permitted it south of that line.
-The War of 1812 heightened American’s pride in their country.
-Spain owned the colonies of East Florida and West Florida.
-In 1810 and 1812, the United States took control of sections of West Florida.
-Andrew Jackson led raids of the Native Americans in Florida. His raids demonstrated American military strength compared to that of Spain. In 1819, Spain signed the Adams-Onis Treaty which said that Spain would cede, or give up control of all claims and ownership to both East and West Florida.