UNIT2

THE WEST IN TRANSITION


OUR COURSE OBJECTIVES

1.Describe the development of humanism

(Describe. Give an account of; tell about; give a word picture of.)

2.Compare and contrast the Renaissance in Italy and in northern Europe

(Compare. Examine for the purpose of noting similarities and differences.)

(Contrast. Examine in order to show dissimilarities or points of difference.)

Attribute / Italy / Same / North

3.Describe changes in painting, sculpture, literature, and architecture during the Renaissance

(Describe. Give an account of; tell about; give a word picture of)

Painting / Sculpture / Literature / Architecture

Beginning

Middle
End

4.Compare the roles of women during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance

(Compare. Examine for the purpose of noting similarities and differences.)

Roles/Attributes / Middle Ages / Same / Renaissance

5.Describe the reasons for the Reformation and its rapid spread across Western Europe

(Describe. Give an account of; tell about; give a word picture of)

Reasons for Reformation / Reasons it spread rapidly

Political

Economic
Social

6.Analyze the Catholic response to the Protestant Reformation.

(Analyze. Determine their component parts; examine their nature and relationship.)

Component parts of Catholic response

/ Nature / Relationship

7.Compare and contrast the variety of Protestant movements that arose

(Compare. Examine for the purpose of noting similarities and differences.)

(Contrast. Examine in order to show dissimilarities or points of difference.)

Attributes / All / Lutheranism / Same L/C / Calvinism / Same C/A / Anabaptism / Same A/L

8.Analyze the extent to which the Reformation was an economic, a political, and a religious movement

(Analyze. Determine their component parts; examine their nature and relationship.)

Economic / Political / Religious
Nature
Relationship

9.Describe the causes and effects of the Age of Exploration

(Describe. Give an account of; tell about; give a word picture of.)

Causes / Effects
Political
Economic
Social

Chapter 10—Renaissance and Discovery

Key Concepts

Revival of classicism

Greco-Roman culture permeates the many aspects of the Renaissance. This glorification of the classical world will be reinvented a few centuries later during the time of revolutions at the end of the 18th century. This Neo-Classical period will not only look back to ancient civilizations, but as well to this renaissance.

Humanism

The growth of humanism during this period will influence many great philosophical movements of the future. Although this humanism is linked to the Church in many ways, it is different than previous Western European Christian thought in that it will encourage individuality as God’s gift, rather than the community as being God’s will.

Impact of the Printing Press

As the world moves into the 21st century, many surveys have been taken dealing with “the most” or “the best” of our millennium. As historians and writers have looked for the most influential person of the last 1,000 years, Johannes Gutenberg has been the number one choice in more than one survey. The impact of the printing press not only involved books at its creation, but as well information storage and dissemination through our time.

Old Imperialism

This period of imperialism involved different factors than that which the students will come to know as “New Imperialism” of the late 19th century. It is important to point out the basics of exploration and colonization of the 15th and 16th centuries, including goals, nations, and levels of control so that there will be a springboard for later comparison.

ID’s

Albrecht Dührer
Baldassare Castiglione
Black Death
Cesare and Lucrezia Borgia
Charles VII
Charles VIII
chiaroscuro
Christine de Pisan
Christopher Columbus
city-states
civic humanism
concordat
Concordat of Bologna
Cosimo de’ Medici
Dante Alighieri
Desiderius Erasmus
Ferdinand of Aragon
FlorentineAcademy
Francesco Petrarch / French invasions
Fuggers of Augsburg
Giotto
Giovanni Boccaccio
Girolamo Savonarola
Golden Bull
Henry the Navigator
Henry Tudor / Henry VII
Holy League
humanism
Isabella of Castile
Johann Gutenberg
League of Venice
Leonardo da Vinci
linear perspective
Lorenzo de Valla
Lorenzo de’ Medici
Lorenzo the Magnificent
Louis XI / Mannerism
Michel de Montaigne
Michelangelo Buonarroti
Niccolò Machiavelli
Northern Renaissance
Pico della Mirandola
Piero de’ Medici
Pope Alexander VI
Pope Julius II
popolo grosso
popolo minuto
printing press
Raphael
renaissance
Scholasticism
Signoria
Sir Thomas More
Treaty of Lodi
War of the Roses

Chapter 11—The Age of Reformation

Key Concepts

Doctrinal differences among Protestant faiths

It is easy to confuse the many facets of the Protestant faiths during the Reformation. Today’s Christian line of separation is generally drawn between Catholicism and Protestantism, with all of the Reformation faiths on one side and Catholicism on the other. It might help students to see this issue in a distance analogy, rather than a line of separation. During the Reformation, if the Catholic Church were on the goal line at one end of a football field, then Lutheranism would be on the 5-yard line at the same end with Calvinism, Anabaptism, and other Protestant faiths down at the other goal line. Indeed, looking at the Peace of Augsburg, this “linking” of Catholicism and Lutheranism, and the non-recognition of the more radical faiths is borne out.

Changing role of women

Although from the modern paradigm the role of women during the Reformation appears to be repressive, it is important to look at historical issues from their own paradigms. Women during the Middle Ages although repressed politically, had certain economic and personal freedoms under the feudal system. During the Renaissance, women were even more limited as they were “elevated” to a protected position. From this background, the expanding legal power and family responsibility of women during the Reformation should be explored.

ID’s

95 Theses
Act of Succession
Act of Supremacy
Anabaptists
Anglican Church
Anne Boleyn
Auricular confession
Babylonian Captivity/Avignon Papacy
Catherine of Aragon
Catholic/Counter Reformation
Charles I of Spain/Emperor Charles V
Council of Trent
Diet of Augsburg
Diet of Worms (1521)
Edward VI
Egalitarian
Elect
English Calvinists (Puritans/Pilgrims/ Separatists) / English Reformation
Excommunication
Frederick the Wise of Saxony
German Peasants’ Revolt
Great Schism
Henry VIII (1509-1547)
Holy Roman Empire
Huguenots
Ignatius Loyola
Index of Prohibited Books
Indulgences
Jesuits
Johann Tetzel
John Calvin
John Huss
John Wycliffe
justification by faith
laity / Martin Luther
Max Weber
papal bull
Peace of Augsburg
Pope Leo X
predestination
Presbyterians
Priesthood of believers
Purgatory
Reformation Parliament
Schmalkaldic League
Sir Thomas More
Syndics
Thomas Cranmer
Transubstantiation
Ulrich Zwingli