Name:______

Algebra I

Radicals

One: To find the square roots of numbers with rational square roots

Square root: if is the square root of

Radical sign:

Radical: is the radical

Radicand: 25 is the radicand

Product Property of Square Roots:

Quotient Property of Square Roots:

Examples: Find the indicated square roots.

Two: To approximate irrational roots

Irrational number: a real number that cannot be written

in the form , where and are

integers and

** can’t be written as a fraction **

Examples: Estimate the square root AND give the two whole numbers each square root falls between. Show your estimation work!

  1. _____ < < _____ estimate: ______integers: ______

  1. _____ < < _____ estimate: ______integers: ______

  1. _____ < < _____ estimate: ______integers: ______

  1. _____ < < _____ estimate: ______integers: ______

  1. _____ < < _____ estimate: ______integers: ______

Three: To write rational numbers in decimal or fraction form

Terminating decimals: a number that has a finite number of decimal places

Repeating decimals: repeating digits

Examples: Express each rational number as a terminating or repeating decimal. Show your work!

Write each decimal in the form , where and are integers, . Simply!

Bonus: To find Greatest Common Factor and Least Common Multiple

Prime Factorization: a composite number expressed as a

product of prime factors (in order from least to

greatest and expressed with exponents)

Greatest Common Factor: the greatest number that is a

factor of two or more numbers

Least Common Multiple: the least of the nonzero common

multiplies of two or more numbers

Examples: Directions: Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) AND the Least Common Multpile (LCM). (Show your ladder method work.)

Four: To simply square roots

Simplest form:

  1. the radicand, no square other than one
  2. no denominator contains a radical

Examples: Directions: Simplify and assume all variables are greater than or equal to zero. Show all ladder method work.

Five: To simplify sums and differences of radicals

One rule: simplify first, then add/subtract

Examples: Directions: Simplify THEN Perform the indicated operations. Assume that all variables represent nonnegative real numbers. (Show your ladder method work when simplifying.)

7.

Six: To simplify products of radicals

One rule: multiply, then simplify

FOIL method: First, Outer, Inner, Last

Examples: Directions: Multiply THEN Simplify. (Show your ladder method work when simplifying.)

Seven: To simplify quotients of radicals

Rationalizing the denominator: changing a fraction with an irrational denominator into a fraction with a rational denominator (simplify first)

Examples: Directions: Rationalize the denominator AND Simplify. Show all work.

Nine: To use the Pythagorean theorem to find the length of a leg or the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle

Hypotenuse: in a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle is the longest side

Leg: the other two sides of a right triangle

Picture:

Pythagorean theorem:

In a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the two legs.

Examples: Directions: Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the missing lengths. Show the formula, substitution, and your steps, one line at a time.

Directions: The lengths of three sides of a triangle are given. Is it a right triangle? Show the formula, substitution, and your steps, one line at a time.