Avian influenza

Activities in 2009

Avian influenza

Ilaria Capua

OIE/FAO National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle disease

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10 – 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy

Tel.: (+39049) 8084379;Fax:(+39049) 8084360

E-mail address:;

Summary of general activities related to the disease

1.Test(s) in use/or available for the specified disease at your laboratory

Table 1: samples of National origin analyzed for isolation/ identification/typing of avian influenza virus (AIV)

SAMPLE ORIGIN / SAMPLE TYPE
DIAGNOSTIC TEST / SURVEILLANCE IN POULTRY FARMS / RESEARCH ACTIVITY/ RING TEST / WILD BIRDS SURVEILLANCE / FAECIS / ALLANTOIC FLUID
CELL CULTURE / ORGANS/ TISSUES / SWABS / Total amount
ELISA FOR VIRUS DETECTION / 0 / 77 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 7 / 69 / 77
IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE / 0 / 5 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 5 / 0 / 5
NEURAMINDASE INHIBITION / 27 / 7 / 23 / 0 / 55 / 2 / 0 / 57
ISOLATION IN EMBRYONATED EGGS/ CELL CULTURES / 204 / 1580 / 132 / 3 / 1165 / 190 / 558 / 1916
RT-PCR/RRT-PCR FOR TYPE A / 6907 / 3689 / 5719 / 264 / 1342 / 1765 / 12944 / 16315
SEQUENCING / 57 / 77 / 9 / 0 / 27 / 26 / 90 / 143
HAEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION / 35 / 839 / 23 / 0 / 894 / 3 / 0 / 897
Total amount / 7230 / 6274 / 5906 / 267 / 3484 / 2000 / 13661 / 19410

Table 2: sera of National origin analyzed for avian influenza antibody detection

SAMPLE ORIGIN
SURVEILLANCE IN POULTRY FARMS / RESEARCH ACTIVITY/ RING TEST / WILD BIRDS SURVEILLANCE / Total amount
ELISA TYPE A for Ab / 1249 / 566 / 45 / 1860
IMMUNODIFFUSION IN AGAR GEL / 185 / 289 / 0 / 474
INDIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE / 310 / 5 / 0 / 315
HAEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION (SEROLOGICAL TEST) / 109536 / 3486 / 398 / 113420
Total amount / 111280 / 4346 / 443 / 116069

2.Production and distribution of diagnostic reagents

Table 3: antigens produced in 2009

ANTIGEN / ml produced / N° batches
H1N1 / 1846 / 19
H1N2 / 620 / 3
H2N3 / 340 / 10
H2N6 / 32 / 1
H3N2 / 255 / 3
H3N6 / 45 / 1
H3N8 / 10 / 1
H5N1 / 281 / 3
H5N2 / 646 / 4
H5N7 / 158 / 3
H7N1 / 1159 / 11
H7N3 / 408 / 3
H9N2 / 100 / 1
H10N7 / 490 / 1
NDV / 1509 / 11
IBV QX / 6232 / 17
IBV D274 / 4360 / 5
IBV 624I / 10620 / 10
IBV 793 B / 3660 / 3
IBV M41 / 12410 / 19
IBV IT/02 / 6650 / 6
IBV D1466 / 9585 / 10
ILTV ELISA / 20 / 2
ILTV AGID / 300 / 1
AIV FOR ELISA / 30 / 1
ART A / 18 / 2
ART B / 18 / 2
IBV FOR ELISA / 20 / 1
CAV FOR ELISA / 8 / 1
NDV FOR ELISA / 10 / 1
TOTAL / 6840 / 156

Table 4: sera produced in 2009

SERUM / ml produced / N° batches
Negative serum / 621 / 5
H1N1 / 2014 / 4
H2N3 / 52 / 1
H3N2 / 349 / 2
H5N1 / 142 / 1
H5N3 / 200 / 1
H7N1 / 493 / 3
H7N3 / 250 / 4
H7N7 / 18 / 1
H9N2 / 248 / 2
NDV / 355 / 1
IBV QX / 800 / 1
IBV M-41 / 230 / 1
IBV 793-B / 318 / 1
IBV per AGID / 74 / 1
AEV for ELISA / 103 / 1
GUMBORO / 74 / 1
Negative Serum for Mycoplasma / 170 / 1
MS / 87 / 1
MG / 70 / 1
S. Enteritidis / 131 / 1
TOTAL / 6799 / 35

Table 5: antigens supplied to Italian and international laboratories in 2009

ANTIGEN / QUANTITY SUPPLIED
H1N1 / 1759 ml
H2N3 / 29 ml
H3N2 / 35 ml
H3N8 / 61 ml
H4N8 / 15 ml
H5N1 / 468 ml
H5N2 / 307 ml
H5N2 for AGID / 131 ml
H5N3 / 53 ml
H5N9 / 211 ml
H6N2 / 51 ml
H7N1 / 255 ml
H7N3 / 592 ml
H7N4 / 146 ml
H7N7 / 76 ml
H8N4 / 26 ml
H9N2 / 189 ml
H9N2 for AGID / 37 ml
H9N7 / 42 ml
H10N1 / 54 ml
H11N6 / 31 ml
H11N9 / 13 ml
H12N5 / 13 ml
H13N6 / 14 ml
H14N5 / 15 ml
H15N9 / 22 ml
H16N3 / 9 ml
NDV / 376 ml
APMV2 / 2 ml
APMV3 / 3 ml
APMV7 / 2 ml
IBV M41 / 102 ml
IBV QX / 44 ml
IBV D274 / 45 ml
IBV D1466 / 26 ml
IBV IT/02 / 44 ml
IBV 793B / 62 ml
IBV 624I / 9 ml
IBV for ELISA / 20 ml
ILT for ELISA / 10 ml
TRT type A / 12 ml
TRT type B / 12ml
Allantoic fluid / 24 ml
FLU for ELISA / 30 ml
HEV / 1 ml
EDS’76 / 3 ml
REO / 2 ml
GUMBORO / 2 ml
TOTAL / 5465 ml

A total of 5465 ml was supplied: 1211 ml for Italian laboratories, 4254 ml for international laboratories

Table 6: sera supplied to Italian and international laboratories in 2009

SERUM / QUANTITY SUPPLIED
Negative serum / 396 ml
H1N1 / 158 ml
H2N3 / 20 ml
H3N2 / 15 ml
H3N8 / 21 ml
H4N8 / 24 ml
H5N1 / 284 ml
H5N2 / 184 ml
H5N3 / 39 ml
H5N9 / 31 ml
H6N2 / 60 ml
H7N1 / 178 ml
H7N3 / 40 ml
H7N4 / 104 ml
H7N7 / 49 ml
H8N4 / 21 ml
H9N2 / 158 ml
H9N7 / 14 ml
H10N1 / 28 ml
H10N8 / 2 ml
H11N6 / 3 ml
H11N9 / 14 ml
H12N5 / 15 ml
H13N6 / 15 ml
H14N5 / 31 ml
H15N9 / 15 ml
H16N3 / 13 ml
NDV / 223 ml
APMV2 / 5 ml
APMV3 / 8 ml
APMV4 / 3 ml
APMV6 / 3 ml
APMV7 / 5 ml
APMV8 / 3 ml
APMV9 / 3 ml
IBV M41 / 114 ml
IBV QX / 76 ml
IBV D274 / 69 ml
IBV D1466 / 70 ml
IBV IT/02 / 60 ml
IBV 793B / 78 ml
ILT / 10 ml
TRT type A / 5 ml
TRT type B / 5 ml
Reovirus / 4 ml
IBD Gumboro / 1 ml
HEV / 3 ml
EDS’76 / 3 ml
AE for ELISA / 10 ml
MG for ELISA / 81 ml
MS for ELISA / 90 ml
S. typhimurium / 20 ml
NEGATIVE SERUM for MG and MS / 140 ml
TOTAL / 3024 ml

A total of 3024 ml was supplied: 654 ml for Italian laboratories,2370 ml for international laboratories.

Activities specifically related to the mandate
of OIE Reference Laboratories

3.International harmonisation and standardisation of methods for diagnostic testing or the production and testing of vaccines

During 2009 the Reference Laboratory organized a virological and serological ring test on avian influenza and Newcastle disease and a proficiency test on molecular techniques for the diagnosis of avian influenza.

All the Italian public diagnostic laboratorieswhich carry out diagnostic tests on influenza and Newcastleviruses took part in this ring trail.The panel supplied comprised 15 sera (A – Q) and 15 antigens (1 – 15) and the necessary materials (reference sera and antigens) for typing of H5 and H7 influenza subtypes and Newcastle virus.

For the molecular proficiency test a panel of 20 frozen lyophilized samples was sent to 13 national laboratoriesand tested to determine 1) type A influenza virus identification by means of real time RT-PCR and conventional RT-PCR 2)H5, H7 e H9 avian influenza virus subtypeby means of real time RT-PCR and H5 and H7 by means of conventional RT-PCR.A panel of 14 inactivated viruses with different concentration, high, medium and low (3 H5N1; 3 H5N3; 3 H7N3; 3 H9N2 1 H4N8 and 1 NDV) and 6 negative allantoic fluids were tested by each laboratory.

In addition, the OIE Italian Reference Laboratory has organized the second Ring Test on avian influenza and Newcastle disease for African, Central Asia and Balkan reference laboratories for these diseases.This initiative was funded by FAO and by the Regional Unity FAO-ECTAD based in Mali.48 countries took part in the ring test:34 from Africa and 15 from Central Asia, Balkans and Middle East.The material supplied comprised 15 unknown sera (among which positive sera for H7, H5, H9 and NDV) and 10 unknown inactivated antigens (different influenza and Paramyxovirus subtypes).23 countries belonging to RESOLAB network supported by the Regional Unity FAO ECTAD in Mali were supplied also with reference diagnostic reagents to carry out both serological and molecular diagnosis.For the diagnosis it was requested to apply the protocols described inthe “Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals" OIE 2009 (chapter 2.3.4). As soon as the results from the participating countries will be received, a comprehensive report on the ring test will be available.

4.Preparation and supply of international reference standards for diagnostic tests or vaccines

None

5.Research and development of new procedures for diagnosis and control

Development of a captureELISA for avian influenza virus detection in chicken and duck’s feathers.

Scope of the present project was the development of an ELISA capture assay for the detection of avian influenza virus in the feathers of avian species such as chicken (Gallus gallus) and duck (Anasplatyrhynchos).

The experimental work was organized in two phases:

A.Development of acapture ELISA for avian influenza virus detection in allantoic fluid.

B.Application of a captureElisa for the detection of avian influenza virus from feathers of experimentally infected chicken with a high pathogenicity H5N1 virus.

A. development of acapture ELISA for avian influenza virus detection in allantoic fluid.

The test includes the use of two monoclonal antibodies(MAb) against the nucleoprotein (NP) of avian influenza virus of which one, the “capture" antibody, is a commercial Hb-65 (ATCC) hybridoma, while the second antibody (MABIZSVE06) for signal detection, is produced by our laboratory and conjugated with the peroxidase enzyme (HPR) which links to the antigen to complete the sandwich.

For the development of the ELISA several tests were carried out using different viral strains from allantoic fluid with known titre and tested after serial dilutions (Table 7).

Table 7: Influenza viruses used for the development of captureELISA

VIRUS / MATRIX / N° batch / TITRE (EID50/100l)
H5N1 / A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/04 / L 48/08 / 107.5
H7N1 / A/ostrich/Italy/984/00 / L 14/07 / 106.8
H7N1 / A/ostrich/Italy/2332/00 / from sample bank / 106.2
H5N3 / A/duck/Italy/775/04 / L 3/04 / 105.8
H7N3 / A/turkey/Italy/2962/03 / L 1/06 / 107.3
H9N2 / A/mallard/Italy/3817-34/05 / L 12/08 / 106.3
H5N2 / A/chicken/Italy/8/98 / L 2/00 / 106.6
H1N1 / A/duck/Italy/1447/05 / L 2/05 / 107.0
NDV / Ulster 2c / L 4/01 / 106.2

Provisional results

The results obtained are the following:

High values of optical density (OD) were observed in influenza viruses with dilutions between 1:10 and 1:600 (corresponding to 1.15 x 104- 5.3 x106 EID50/100l).On the basis of the provisional results, additional sensitivity tests will be carried out to identify the detection limit of the test.

NDV virus and the negative control, represented by the allantoic fluid of SPF eggs, did not give a signal.

B. Detectionof avian influenza virus by means of captureElisa from feathers of experimentally infected chickens with a highly pathogenic avian infleunzastrain.

As a preliminary test the capture ELISA developed was applied for the detection of influenza virus from feathers of experimentally infected chickens with high pathogenicity (HPAI)H5N1 virus (A/CK/Egypt/1709-6/08).

4-week old SPF chickens were infected with 100 l of a viral suspension (titre 105 EID50/100l)

The calamus of the feathers collected from each animal were pooled, grinded with micropestles and re-suspended in 1 ml of PBS after about three hours from collection.

Provisional results

The results obtained showed a good agreement between Real time PCR and capture Elisa with almost all the samples examined.

On the basis of these provisional results, additional tests will be carried out with a larger number of both positive and negative samples using feathers collected from other experimentally infected chickens.

6. Collection, analysis and dissemination of epizootiological data relevant to international disease control

The results of all the diagnostic investigations related to NAI and ND have been notified to the OIE, according to its guidelines.

This diagnostic effort contributed an improved knowledge on the global spread of avian influenza viruses particularly H5N1 (see Publications).

IZSVe was also actively involved in wild bird surveillance in Italy and African Countries. The results of these activities have enabled an improved understanding of AI and ND ecology (see section 9).

7.Provision of consultant expertise to OIE or to OIE Members

OIE Twinning project between the Italian OIE/FAO reference laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease and:

- Russian Federal Centre for Animal Health (FGI-ARRIAH) - National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza of the Russian Federation;

- NationalCenter for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA) of Cuba

These twinning projects aim at implementing the capacity building of the Russian and Cuban laboratories in order to bring them closer to the OIE reference laboratory status by improving standards in specific selected areas.

8.Provision of scientific and technical training to personnel from other OIE Members

During 2009, the OIE Italian Reference Laboratory has continued and increased its training activities on avian influenza and Newcastle disease. In particular, it has started a partnership with UN-FAO for training courses and continues to train within the framework of EU projects (e.g. EPIZONE, FLUTRAIN, FLUAID and DG-SANCO).

In 2009 the Reference Laboratory has also been engaged in training projects for the management of epidemics emergencies, in particular with those connected to avian influenza and Newcastle disease. The list of visitors in Table 8 comprises all the trainees who participated in training activities in laboratory diagnostic techniques.

Table 8:trainees at the OIE Italian Reference Laboratory in 2009

NAME / AFFILIATION / COUNTRY / TYPE OF TRAINING / PERIOD
Fatma Amer Abdel Salama / PCR Unit, National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (NLQP) / Egypt / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Sunil Rautmare / Western Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratory / India / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Swarup Bakshi / Eastern Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratory / India / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Anil Gupta / Northern Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratory / India / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Amitav Chakravarty / North Eastern Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Guwahati / India / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Mohamed / Regional Laboratory of Veterinary Analysis and Research Of Marrakech / Morocco / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Fatiha El Mellouli / Regional Laboratory of Veterinary Analysis and Research of Casablanca / Morocco / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Nadia Aboulfidaa / National Control Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine / Morocco / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Milagros R. Mananggit / Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic laboratory, Department of Agriculture / Philippines / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Rachel Azul / Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) / Philippines / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Marie France Ramirez Que / Department of Agriculture / Philippines / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Cristina Lagaspi / Department of Agriculture / Philippines / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Md. Nazimul Islam / Laboratory Technician, Field Disease Investigation Laboratory, Barishal / Bangladesh / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Md. Sarwar Hossain / Field Disease Investigation Laboratory, Joypurhat / Bangladesh / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Amal Kumar Saha / Field Disease Investigation Laboratory / Bangladesh / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Md. Shahin Alam / Field Disease Investigation Laboratory / Bangladesh / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Osama Ahmed Mohamed Mahana / PCR Unit, NLQP / Egypt / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Moataz Mohamed ElSayed Soliman / Sequencing Unit (NLQP) / Egypt / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Ahmed Abd El HalimNour / Virology Unit (NLQP) / Egypt / DG-SANCO / 26/01/2009 / 28/01/2009
Ethel Chitsungo / Pan African Veterinary Vaccine Centre / Ethiopia / Self-funded / 09/02/2009 / 20/02/2009
Tony Joannis / National Veterinary Research Institute / Nigeria / FAO / 16/11/2009 / 31/12/2009
Heidy Diaz de Arce Landa / NationalCenter for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA) / Cuba / Internship-OIE Twinning Project / 08/06/2009 / 04/07/2009
Lester J. Perez Rodriguez / NationalCenter for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA) / Cuba / Internship-OIE Twinning Project / 13/07/2009 / 08/08/2009
Hossien Maghsoudloo / Seyyed Jamal e- din Asad abadi street IVO. CVL ,P.O, Box 1415563-49Tehran, Iran / Iran / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 06/07/2009 / 17/07/2009
Parwish Alingari / Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and research Institute / Afghanistan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 06/07/2009 / 17/07/2009
Zaheer Ahmed / National Reference Lab for Poultry Diseases / Pakistan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 06/07/2009 / 17/07/2009
Sergiu Cebotari / RepublicanCenter for Veterinary Dagnostic / Moldova / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 06/07/2009 / 17/07/2009
Shalala Zeynalova / Republican Veterinary Laboratory / Azerbaijan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Kair Zhekebayeva / Republican Veterinary laboratory,Astana / Kazakhstan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Sviatlana Bokhan / ByelorussianStateVeterinaryCenter (Central Republican Laboratory / Belarus / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Burul Osokeeva / RepublicanStateCenter forVeterinary Diagnostics / Kyrgyzstan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Tillo Tilloev / NationalCenter for Veterinary Diagnosis / Tajikistan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Bahargul Jumanazarova / Department Serology, Centrlnoy Veterinarnoy Laboratorii. / Turkmenistan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Ludmyla Marushchak / State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise / Ukraine / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Den-Sun Pak / Republican Specialized Veterinary Laboratory for Extremely Dangerous Animal Diseases in Tashkent, Uzbekistan / Uzbekistan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Tamilla Aliyeva / FAO National Consultant / Facilitator / Azerbaijan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Gunel Ismailova / Facilitator / Translator / Azerbaijan / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 24/08/2009 / 04/09/2009
Layth Mohammed Salih Abdul-Rasoul / Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Diseases (TADs) / Iraq / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 08/11/09 / 04/12/09
Majida Mohammed Huss Ein Abd-al Waheed Al-Aubaidy / Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Diseases (TADs) / Iraq / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 08/11/09 / 04/12/09
Nidal Jabbar Sudany Ali / Vet. State Company - Medicine and Biological superintendence section / Iraq / Training course FAO/IZSVe / 08/11/09 / 04/12/09
Carmen Laura Perera Gonzales / NationalCenter for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA) / Cuba / Internship-OIE Twinning Project / 23/11/09 / 19/12/09
Abdulahi Alfonso Morales / NationalCenter for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA) / Cuba / Internship-OIE Twinning Project / 23/11/09 / 19/12/09

9.Provision of diagnostic testing facilities to other OIE Members

IZSVe has supported the Veterinary Services of foreign countries by providing official confirmatory diagnosis of routine cases identified during surveillance activities in domestic and wild birds. Table 9 indicates the number of samples from foreign countries submitted for Avian Influenza diagnosis in 2009:

Table 9:Samples from foreign countries for AIV detection

COUNTRY / SEROLOGICAL TESTS / VIROLOGICAL TESTS / MOLECULAR TEST / Total amount
MALI / 45 / 13 / 0 / 58
AFGHANISTAN / 0 / 23 / 36 / 59
NIGERIA / 0 / 9 / 737 / 746
SAUDI ARABIA / 200 / 0 / 0 / 200
CHILE / 0 / 2 / 17 / 19
IVORY COAST / 0 / 27 / 42 / 69
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES / 0 / 3 / 12 / 15
GHANA / 0 / 50 / 50 / 100
JORDAN / 0 / 12 / 32 / 44
KURDISTAN / 0 / 7 / 20 / 27
NIGER / 0 / 5 / 10 / 15
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO / 82 / 13 / 57 / 152
TOGO / 33 / 0 / 7 / 40
Total amount / 360 / 164 / 1020 / 1544

10.Organisation of international scientific meetings on behalf of OIE or other international bodies

A. In 2009 members of OIE Italian laboratory participated in the following meetings/conferences (name of the participant at the beginning):

  • Beato Maria Serena 05-07 November 2008, Antalya, Turkey Meeting Fluresist
  • Beato Maria Serena 04-09 April 2009, Athens, USA, 7th International Symposium on avian influenza: Avian Influenza in Poultry and Wild Birds
  • Beato Maria Serena 11-16 May 2009, Antalya, Turkey, Third Annual Meeting Epizone
  • Beato Maria Serena 24-26 June 2009, Vladimir,Russia, Twinning project, final workshop
  • Beato Maria Serena, 01-06 November 2009, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Epizone, Design and Analysis of Transmission Experiment course
  • Capua Ilaria 03-04 February 2009, Paris,France,FAO/OIE/WHO Tripartite Annual Coordination and Executive Meeting
  • Capua Ilaria 27-29 July 2009, Paris, France, Collaborating Centers OIE
  • Capua Ilaria 02 03 September 2009, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, FP7 Grant Meeting
  • Capua Ilaria 14-16 September 2009, Paris,France Meeting OFFLU
  • Capua Ilaria, 29-30 September2009, Geneve, Switzerland, Meeting esperti WHO
  • Capua Ilaria, 06-08 October 2009, Geneve, Switzerland, Meeting esperti WHO
  • Capua Ilaria, 09 10 November 2009, Verona, preliminary meeting WHO/FAO/OIE
  • Capua Ilaria, 16-19 November 2009, Geneve,Switzerland, Meeting WHO Consultation on Public Health Research Agenda for Influenza.
  • Cattoli Giovanni 10-11 February 2009, Bruxelles,Belgium Meeting European Commission
  • Cattoli Giovanni 16-22 March 2009, Havana,Cuba, Twinning Project IZSVe - CENSA
  • Cattoli Giovanni 25 March 2009, Rome, Italy, FAO meeting on AI vaccination in Egypt
  • Cattoli Giovanni 22-26 May 2009, Nairobi, Kenya, Laboratory Assessments FAO
  • Cattoli Giovanni 02-04 June 2009, Pulawi, Poland, EU calling for 15th Annual Meeting of EU NRL National Reference Lab for Avian Influenza and NDV
  • Cattoli Giovanni 09 June 2009 – Bruxelles, Belgium, EU DG SANCO: A/H1N1 at the Human Animal Interface
  • Cattoli Giovanni 27-29 July 2009, Paris, France, meeting ofCollaborating Centers OIE
  • Cattoli Giovanni 02-03 September 2009, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, FP7 Grant Meeting
  • Cattoli Giovanni, 29 September – 02 October 2009, Cairo, Egypt, OFFLU Project for H5N1 Vaccine Evaluation
  • Cattoli Giovanni, 31 October – 08 November 2009, Vom, Nigeria, Workshop FLUTRAIN
  • Cattoli Giovanni, 16-19 November 2009, Geneve, Switzerland, Meeting WHO Consultation on Public Health Research Agenda for Influenza
  • Cilloni Filippo 16-22 March 2009, Havana,Cuba, Twinning Project IZSVe - CENSA
  • Cilloni Filippo 04-09April 2009, AthensUSA, 7th International Symposium on Avian Influenza: AI in Poultry and Wild Birds
  • Cilloni Filippo 09-15 May 2009, Khartoum,Sudan, Real Time PCR course for staff of Central Veterinary Research Laboratory- FAO
  • De Battisti Cristian 01-06 December 2008, Weybridge, United Kingdom, Workshop Epizone Microarray
  • De Battisti Cristian 25-31 January 2009, Dakar,Senegal, Assessment Mission Flutrain
  • De Battisti Cristian 01-06 March2009, Vladimir,Russia, Twinning Project FGI-ARRIAH - IZSVe
  • De Battisti Cristian 11-16 May 2009, Antalya, Turkey, Third Annual Meeting Epizone
  • De Battisti Cristian 17-21 June 2009, Madrid, Spain, Symposium WAVLD
  • De Battisti Cristian 24-26 June 2009, Vladimir,Russia, Twinning project, final workshop
  • De Benedictis Paola 15-16 December 2008, Nancy,France, Rabies CRL meeting
  • De Benedictis Paola 25-31 January 2009, DakarSenegal, Assessment mission for EU FLUTRAIN project
  • De Benedictis Paola 07-10 February 09, Algeri, FAO Africa Workshop
  • De Benedictis Paola 13-16 February 2009, Vienna, Austria, International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance (IMED) 2009
  • De Benedictis Paola19-21 April 2009, Mittelhausern, Switzerland, Workshop Epizone
  • De Benedictis Paola 06-08 June 2009, Hammamet, Tunisia, Annual Meeting on Rabies and Emerging Viral Diseases Noth Africa Rabmed Control
  • De Benedictis Paola 23-26 August 2009, Budapest, Hungary, 8th International Congress of Veterinary Virology
  • De Benedictis Paola,18-24 October 2009, Quebec, Canada, XX International Conference on Rabies in the Americas
  • De Benedictis Paola, 17-18 November 2009, Nancy , France, Rabies RC meeting
  • De Nardi Marco, 05-09 May 2009, Tanzania, West Africa, Laboratory Assessments FAO - Flutrain
  • De Nardi Marco, 22-26 May 2009, Nairobi, Kenya, Laboratory Assessments FAO
  • De Nardi Marco 27 July-01 August 2009, Kigali, Rwuanda, Regional Laboratory Network Final Workshop FAO
  • De Nardi Marco, 10-17 October 2009, Maputo, Mozambico, FAO/ SADC Workshop presentazione attività/progetto Rabbia
  • De Nardi Roberta 04 December 2008, Amsterdam,the Netherlands, Meeting New Flubird
  • De Nardi Roberta, 23-26 March 2009, Berlin, Germany, MeetingNew Flubird
  • De Nardi Roberta, 24-25 June 2009, Amsterdam, Meeting New Flubird
  • Drago Alessandra, 01-06 March 2009, Vladimir,Russia, Twinning Project FGI-ARRIAH - IZSVe
  • Dundon William dal 29 November-07 December 2008, South Africa, Mozambique, Zambia, Assessment Mission.
  • Dundon William, 14-16 January 2009, Lelystad, the Netherlands, EPIZONE Meeting
  • Dundon William 19 January 2009, Rome, Italy,FAO meeting
  • Dundon William, 02-05 February 2009, Barcelona,Spain, FLUPATH Meeting
  • Dundon William, 04-09 April 2009, Athens, USA, 7th International Symposium on Avian Influenza: Avian Influenza in poultry and wild birds.
  • Dundon William, 05-09 May 2009, Tanzania, West Africa, Laboratory Assessments FAO - Flutrain
  • Dundon William, 11-16 May 2009, Antalya, Turkey, Third Annual Meeting Epizone
  • Dundon William, 27-29 May 2009,Uppsala, Sweden, FLUTRAIN Workshop
  • Dundon William, 31 October-08 November 2009, Vom, Nigeria, Avian Influenza Workshop FLUTRAIN
  • Fusaro Alice, 04-09 April 2009, Athens,USA, 7th International Symposium on Avian Influenza: Avian Influenza in Poultry and Wild Birds
  • Fusaro Alice, 16 April – 02 May 2009, Atlanta, USA, Training c/o FogartyInternationalCenter
  • Fusaro Alice, 23-29 June 2009, Bethesda, USA, Workshop Influenza Dynamics and Evolutionary Analysis (IDEA)
  • Fusaro Alice, 04-06 October 2009, Germany, Workshop Gisaid
  • Fusaro Alice, 31 October – 08 November 2009, Vom, Nigeria, Avian Influenza Workshop FLUTRAIN
  • Monne Isabella, 26-28 January 2009, Hannover, Germany, Meeting EPIZONE
  • Monne Isabella, 13-16 February 2009, Vienna,Austria, International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance (IMED) 2009
  • Monne Isabella, 04-09 April 2009, AthensUSA, 7th International Symposium on Avian Influenza: Avian Influenzain Poultry and Wild Birds
  • Monne Isabella, 02-04 June 2009, Pulawi, Poland, EU 15th Annual Meeting of EU NRL National Reference Lab for AI and NDV
  • Monne Isabella, 13-17 June 2009, Ravisch-holzhausen, Germany, 6th International Symposium on Avian Corona and Pneumoviruses and Complicating Pathogens
  • Monne Isabella, 23-29 June 2009, Bethesda, USA, Workshop Influenza dynamics and evolutionary analysis (IDEA)
  • Monne Isabella, 23-26 August 2009, Budapest,Hungary, 8th International Congress of Veterinary Virology
  • Monne Isabella, 04-06 October 2009, Germany, Workshop Gisaid
  • Monne Isabella, 31October – 08 November 2009, Vom, Nigeria, Avian Influenza Workshop FLUTRAIN
  • Mori Antonio, 17-21 June 2009, Madrid, Spain, Symposium WAVLD
  • Nisi Raffaella, 01-06 December 2008, Bamako, Mali, Workshop - ring trial lab network - FAO
  • Nisi Raffaella, 07-11 February 2009, Algeri, Africa, Workshop FAO
  • Nisi Raffaella, 25-28 May 2009, Germany, Conference: Climate change and infectious diseases
  • Nisi Raffaella, 24-26 June 2009, Vladimir,Russia, Twinning Project, Workshop finale
  • Nisi Raffaella, 27 July – 01 August 2009, Kigali, Rwuanda, Regional Laboratory Network Final Workshop FAO
  • Panzarin Valentina 17-21 June 2009, Madrid, Spain, Symposium WAVLD
  • Pizzuto Matteo, 27-28 January 2009, meeting at CDC,Atlanta,USA
  • Pizzuto Matteo, 23-26 August 2009, Budapest,Hungary, 8th International Congress of Veterinary Virology
  • Rigoni Michela, 02-05 February 2009, Barcellona, Spain, Meeting FLUPATH
  • Rigoni Michela, 04-09 April 2009, Athens,USA, 7th International Symposium on Avian Influenza: Avian Influenza in Poultry and Wild Birds
  • Rigoni Michela, 17-21 June 2009, Madrid, Spain, Symposium WAVLD
  • Rigoni Michela, 23-26 August 2009, Budapest,Hungary, 8th International Congress of Veterinary Virology
  • Rigoni Michela, 08-12 September 2009, Freiburg,Germany, 5th Orthomyxovirus Research Conference
  • Rigoni Michela, 01-06 November 2009, Wageningen, The Netherlands, EPIZONE, Corso Design and Analysis of Transmission Experiment
  • Terregino Calogero, 25 March 2009, Rome,Italy, FAO meetingonAI vaccination in Egypt
  • Terregino Calogero, 04-09 April 2009, AthensUSA, 7th International Symposium on Avian Influenza: Avian Influenza in Poultry and Wild Birds
  • Terregino Calogero, 02-04 June 2009, Pulawi, Poland, EU 15th Annual Meeting of EU NRL National Reference lab for AI and NDV
  • Terregino Calogero, 29 September – 02 October 2009, Cairo, Egypt, OFFLU Project for H5N1 Vaccine Evaluation
  • Terregino Calogero, 07-13 November 2009, Marrakesh, Morocco, XVI World Veterinary Poultry Association Congress
  • Toffan Anna, 07-13 November 2009, Marrakesh, Morocco, XVI World Veterinary Poultry Association Congress

B. Meetings organized by the OIE Italian Reference Laboratory