North Carolina Pre-EOC Test

Biology 2007-2008

  1. Which building blocks store and transmit genetic information?

A. carbohydrates

B. lipids

C. nucleic acids

D. proteins

Answer the following questions based on the table below.

Proteins / Carbohydrates / Lipids
Building Blocks / A / simple sugars / glycerol and fatty acids
Necessary Elements / carbon, hydrogen and oxygen / carbon, hydrogen and oxygen / carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Functions / Serve as components of cell structures and as catalysts / B / Serve as sources of stored energy and as components of cell structures

2. What are the building blocks represented by letter A?

A. nucleotides

B. polysaccharides

C. adenine and thymine

D. glycerol and fatty acids

3. Which functions are represented by letter B?

A. serves as enzymes and as components of cell structures.

B. contains the genetic code and carries on polysaccharide synthesis.

C. transfer information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and serve as structural

units

D. serves as sources of energy and as components of cell structures.

4. Which statement best describes the function of a lipid in a cell?

A. storing and transmitting heredity

B. forming part of biological membrane

C. forming amino acid chains

D. storing phosphorus

Use the picture below to answer question 5.

5. What kind of macromolecule is indicated by number 2?

A. amino acids

B. fatty acids

C. glycerol

D. monosaccharides

6. Which of the following is found in ribonucleic acid, but not in deoxyribonucleic acid?

A. guanine

B. phosphate group

C. uracil

D. thymine

7. Which cell organelle is most directly involved with the bonding of amino acids?

A. mitochondria

B. endoplasmic reticulum

C. cell wall

D. ribosome

  1. To collect data about the rate of photosynthesis in a certain type of algae when it is exposed to different colors of light, a student could measure the change in the:

A. temperature of the water surrounding the algae

B. number of ribosomes in the algae cells

C. color of algae cells

D. number of gas bubbles given off by the algae.

Use the picture below to answer questions 9 and 10.

9. Which organelle would most likely be colored by a stain that is designed to mark

nucleic acids?

A. Cell Membrane

B. Nucleus

C. Vacuole

D. Ribosome

10. What is the function of organelle 3?

A. cellular respiration

B. photosynthesis

C. protein synthesis

D. replication

11. During DNA replication, which of the following segments would be complementary

to the original DNA segment of CCTAAT?

A. CGATTA

B. GGUTTU

C. GGATTA

D. GGAUUA

12. The chart below matches messenger RNA codons with amino acids.

glycine / leucine / alanine /
serine
GGU, GCG, GGA, GGG / UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUG / GUC, GCC, GCA, GCG, / UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, ACG, AGU

A DNA strand has the codon TCA. According to the chart, the corresponding

messenger RNA codes for which of the following amino acids?

A. glycine

B. leucine

C. alanine

D. serine

13. The messenger RNA will carry the DNA’s instructions out of the nucleus to which of

the following?

A. vacuole

B. mitochondria

C. chloroplast

D. ribosome

14. To determine the molecular sequence of a gene for a protein, which molecule should

be analyzed?

A. tRNA

B. ATP

C. DNA

D. rRNA

15. Transcription of the DNA sequence below:

AAGCTGGGA

would most directly result in which of the following?

  1. the sequence of three amino acids linked by peptide bonds
  2. a DNA strand with the base sequence of TTCGACCCT
  3. a mRNA strand with the sequence TTCGACCCT
  4. a mRNA strand with the sequence UUCGACCCU

16. What is the purpose of transfer RNA?

A. It unzips the double helix so transcription can begin.

B. It retrieves amino acids from the cytoplasm for protein construction.

C. It carries genetic information to the ribosomes.

D. It produces a complementary copy of a strand of DNA.

Use the diagram of protein synthesis to answer questions 17 and 18.

17. What process is shown?

A. transformation

B. translation

C. transcription

D. replication

18. What type of molecule is number 4?

A. tRNA

B. mRNA

C. rRNA

D. amino acid

19. When cells are exposed to high temperatures, they increase their production of heat shock proteins (HSPs) to repair themselves. What is this increase in HSP production an example of?

A. DNA replication

B. gene regulation

C. gene splicing

D. point mutation

20, Which of the following DNA technologies offers the best chance of survival for

endangered species?

A. sequencing

B. cloning

C. electrophoresis

  1. antibody production

21. Acacia trees provide food for a species of ant that lives on them. The ants defend the

acacia treefrom grasshoppers and beetles. This relationship between the ant and the

acacia tree is bestdescribed as:

A. commensalism

B. parasitism

C. mutualism

D. predation

  1. A Hurricane hits the coast of Florida destroying the majority of the orange trees.

This is an example of a:

A. density dependent limiting factor

B. density independent limiting factor

C. species reaching carrying capacity

  1. none of the above

23. The chart below lists four groups of factors relating to an ecosystem.

Group A / Group B / Group C / Group D
Sunlight
Green Plants
Rainfall
Consumers
Oxygen / Sunlight
Climate
Rainfall
Minerals
Gases / Sunlight
Green Plants
Rainfall
Producers
Carbon Dioxide / Sunlight
Rainfall
Consumers
Producers
Water

Which group contains only abiotic factors?

  1. A
  2. B
  3. C
  4. D

24. In a particular ecosystem, a wolf population is the limiting factor for the moose

population that it preys on. If the wolf population decreased, what would likely

happen to the carrying capacity of the environment for the moose?

  1. It would increase
  2. It would decrease slightly
  3. It would stay the same
  4. It would decrease significantly

25. Which of the following factors is abiotic?

A. Plants

  1. Sunlight
  2. Microorganisms
  3. Predators

26. Which statement best describes the growth pattern of a population of organisms in

nature?

A. It is limited by environmental factors.

B. It continues to grow indefinitely.

C. It is genetically determined.

D. It never changes.

Use the picture below to answer question number 27.

  1. If food supply is the only limiting factor, which graph best represents a possible

relationship between the population of snowshoe hares and their food supply

over a 10-year period?

28. The graph below shows the changes in two populations of herbivores in a grassy field.

What would be the best explanation of these changes?

  1. All of the plant populations in this habitat decreased.
  2. Population B competed more successfully for food than population A.
  3. Population A produced more offspring than population B.

D. Population A consumed the members of population

29. Consider the following diagram:

What is the interaction shown

  1. Predation
  2. Parasitism
  3. Commensalism
  4. Mutualism

30. Which of the following two organisms are heterotrophs?

  1. A and B
  2. B and C
  3. C and E
  4. D and E

31. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is correctly described by which structure / function

pairing?

A multi-folded inner membrane / energy production

B phospholipid bilayer membrane / protein synthesis

C single porous membrane / sugar storage

D double membrane / DNA replication

32. Which group of four components are found in prokaryotic cells?

A ribosomes, nucleus, cilia, cell wall

B ribosomes, DNA strand, flagella, cell wall

C chloroplast, DNA strand, cilia, vacuole

D chloroplasts, nucleus, flagella, vacuole

33. An organism is eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, and has a cell wall. To which

kingdom does it belong?

A Animal

B Fungi

C Plant

D Protist

34. The organism Ursus maritimus is a member of which genus?

A Ursus B maritimus C Animalia D Mammalia

35. In order to maintain good health, a person’s normal glucose level must remain within

a given range. Which two systems control the blood glucose level?

A endocrine and skeletal

B endocrine and digestive

C circulatory and lymphatic

D digestive and lymphatic

36. Which would most likely be caused by environmental conditions?

A lung cancer

B hemophilia

C cystic fibrosis

D sickle cell anemia

37. Which describes an internal factor that influences the growth and development of an

organism?

A In certain bacteria, brick-red colonies form at 25°C and cream-colored colonies

form at 30°C.

B In some species of sheep, testosterone causes rams to have much heavier and more

coiled horns than ewes.

C In one pair of identical twins, significant differences in body weight are observed.

D In certain areas, evergreens show reduced size due to air pollution.

38. Bacteria living in nodules on the roots of legumes have the ability to fix atmospheric

nitrogen into a water-soluble form that plants can use. The bacteria absorb sugar

from the plants’ roots. Which describes the relationship between the bacteria and the

legume plants?

A commensalism

B mutualism

C parasitism

D predation

39. Which is an advantage of social grouping?

A increased competition for limited resources

B increased chance of detection by predators

C increased protection from predators

D increased risk of minor infections

40. Estivation is a period of inactivity for animals experiencing conditions of extreme

heat. Estivation serves the same function as which activity practiced by animals in

coldenvironmental conditions?

A camouflage

B hibernation

C migration

D mimicry

41. Proteins to metabolize the sugars lactose or glucose, depending on whichone it

detects in the outsideenvironment. What part of thebacterium allows it to recognize

different substances in the outsideenvironment?

A Endoplasmic reticulum

B Cell membrane _

C Nucleus

D Lysosomes

42. Which characteristic of prokaryotic organisms makes them different from

eukaryotes?

A Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles. _

B Prokaryotes do not have chromosomes.

C Prokaryotes are made of cells.

D Prokaryotes have DNA.

43. In order to maintain homeostasis, it is most important for an animal to be

able to —

A. respond to its environment _

B. hide from its predators

C. change its habitat

D. increase its prey population

44.


The picture above shows a segment of DNA from a cat. Which of these is most likely the kitten of this cat?

A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 _

45. The processes of meiosis and fertilization help ensure the survival ofthe species by

providing each generation with the same number of —

A body cells B chromosomes _ C offspring D gametes

46. Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate —

A has a specific activation site for enzyme attachment _

B. can only use a specific ionic bond with the enzyme

C. destroys its specific enzyme

D actively interferes with other substrates around it

47. Based on the method by which they get food, organisms are classified as autotrophs

or heterotrophs. Which organism listed below is correctly paired with its metabolism?

A .Mushroom-autotroph

B Human-heterotroph _

C. Grass-heterotroph

D. Fish-autotroph

48. In plants, gymnosperms have cones and angiosperms have flowers. Both of these

plant structures are specialized for —

A sexual reproduction _

B food production

C water absorption

D photosynthesis


49.

The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. Which process isresponsible for returning nitrogen tothe air?

AExcretion

B.Decomposition _

C. hotosynthesis

D. Nitrification


50.

In the lab setup pictured above, a student is trying to determine the effect of pollutants on the growth of three groups of seeds. The results will not be valid because the experiment

has no —

A conclusion

B hypothesis

C control _

D variable

51. The process of DNA replication is necessary before a cell —

A makes a protein B. codes for RNA molecules

C. divides into two cells _ D. modifies lysosome enzymes

  1. According to the biological definition of a species, which organisms listed below would belong to the same species?
  2. Plants that have flowers with the samestructures that attract the samepollinators
  3. Protists that are the same shape andhave the same structures for movement
  4. Animals that can breed and producefertile offspring _
  5. Mushrooms that are the same color andcan grow on trees

  1. Look at the diagram below for question 53

Which statement is supported by the diagram?

A The mitochondrion uses the sun’s energy directly.

B The end products of photosynthesis do not provide energy for cellular respiration.

C The main source of energy for photosynthesis is carbohydrates.

D Carbohydrates are converted into ATP by the mitochondrion.

  1. A genetic pedigree showing that only males are affected by a certain disorder is evidence of what type
  2. Sex-linked _
  3. Recessive
  4. Passive
  5. Dominant
  1. Which of these could be successfullytreated with antibiotics?
  2. A Common cold
  3. Influenza
  4. HIV
  5. Strep throat
  6. Proteins are formed from monomers (subunits) called —
  7. amino acids _
  8. fatty acid
  9. nucleic acids
  10. nucleotides
  11. Early classification systems consisted of two kingdoms; Plantae and Animalia. What scientific development allowed taxonomists to establish the Monera and Protista kingdoms?
  12. Discovery of DNA
  13. Creation of electrophoresis
  14. Invention of the electron microscope _
  15. Development of Koch’s postulates
  16. Which variable appears to control leaf production in these plants listed in the chart below?

A. The amount of water

B. The temperature _

C. The number of daylight hours

D. The relative humidity


  1. Which of the following exhibits alearned behavior?

A. Baby birds beg for food when a parent nears.

B . A person blinks when an object nears his/her eyes.

C. Salmon return to their birth place for mating.

D A chimpanzee catches termites by poking a stick in a log.

  1. According to the dichotomous key below, to which order does this insect belong

A. Diptera B.Ephemeroptera C. Hymenoptera D. Isoptera

  1. In the Linnean system of nomenclature, crickets and grasshoppers belong to the sameorder and therefore belong to the same
  2. family b. class c. genus d. species
  1. The genetic code in DNA is represented by unique codons that represent a specificamino acid. Which of the following represents a codon?
  2. G b. TA c. GCGC d. CAT

  1. The cell shown below is undergoing mitosis. The daughter chromosomes are movingtoward opposite poles of the cell.Which phase of mitosis is shown above?
  1. Anaphase b. metaphase c. prophase d. telophase
  1. In rabbits, albinism (b) is recessive to normal brown coloration (B). When an albinofemale was crossed with a brown male, they produced 4 brown offspring and 1 albino.What was the genotype of the male parent.
  1. bb only b. Bb only c. BB only d. BB or Bb
  1. Which of the following is the mostimportant advantage of instincts?
  2. They reduce predator contacts.
  3. They improve food selectionchoices.
  4. They improve survival rates.
  5. They allow for smaller brains.
  1. The reduction of the chromosome number during meiosis is most important for
  2. preventing the nucleus from becominglarger with each cell division
  3. maintaining the chromosome numberduring sexual reproduction _
  4. keeping the amount of DNA in the cellat a minimum level
  5. allowing the growth of the cell withoutincreasing the DNA content
  1. By what process is CO2 removed fromthe atmosphere?
  2. Combustion
  3. decomposition
  4. respiration
  5. photosynthesis
  1. What is the correct sequence for plant cell mitosis in the diagram below?
  2. A, B, D, C
  3. C, B, A, D _
  4. B, A, D, C

  5. D, C, B, A
  1. According to the graph below, addition of the enzyme amylase causes the reaction to
  2. slow down
  3. speed up _
  4. give off heat
  5. take in heat


  1. A chart of human chromosome pairs is called a karyotype. What information is revealed in the karyotype below?
  2. The sex _b. The age c. Trisomy d. Gene dominance


  1. In pea plants, tall plants are dominantto short plants. If two heterozygoustall plants are crossed as shown above, what percent ofthe offspring will probably be short?
  2. 75% b. 50% c. 25% _ d. 0%

Which of these will complete themRNA strand matched to DNA?

A CAG B AUG C GUC _ D UAC

  1. The jimsonweed Datura stramonium,normally has 12 chromosomes in thebody cells. How many chromosomeswill an egg cell of the weed have?
  2. 6 chromosomes _ c. 12 chromosomes
  3. 18 chromosomes d. 24 chromosomes

This graph shows that —

A. more enzymes are present at a higher pH

B. pepsin is less sensitive to pH than trypsin

C . pepsin is less effective at low pH than trypsin

D. pH affects the activity rate of enzymes

  1. The process of photosynthesisultimately converts light energy into —
  2. mechanical energy
  3. electrical energy
  4. chemical energy _
  5. nuclear energy
  1. DNA that is derived from the DNA oftwo or more different species iscalled
  2. recombinant DNA _
  3. mitochondrial DNA
  4. chloroplast DNA
  5. plasmid.


Which animal develops in a cycle mostsimilar to the one shown above?

a. A bird b. A moth _ c. A hydra d. A grasshopper

  1. The 14 different species of finches inthe Galapagos Islands originated froma single ancestral species. What is itabout these islands that is responsiblefor the diversity of finch species?
  2. The islands are made of volcanic peaks.
  3. Each island has different food sources. _
  4. Each island has a different climate.
  5. The islands are clustered near eachother.
  1. The processes of photosynthesis andrespiration in the table below can be thought of as a cyclebecause —
  2. one is used only by plants and the otheris used only by animals
  3. both give off oxygen to be used byanimals
  4. the products of one are used as the rawmaterials of the other _
  5. they both have the same purpose


  1. Which of these statements is supported by the data shown in the table below?
  2. Most kingdoms are made up ofprokaryotic cells.
  3. All cells have nuclei for control of cellfunctions.
  4. Eukaryotic cells vary in covering and infood production. _
  5. Each of the kingdoms has differentorganelles for metabolism.


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