NC Final 7th grade Social Studies Review Sheet
7.H.2.1 Analyze the effects of social, economic, military, and political conflict among nations, regions, and groups.
- How did the European domination and colonization of America change the continent?(Include at least 5 changes) 1. European government and law system brought to America
2. European languages dominate (Spanish, Portuguese (in Brazil), English)
3. Immigrants from Europe and Africa dominate the population.
4. Livestock, disease, and plants change the land of America
5. European brought religions dominate America (Christianity)
- Why did the ideas of the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment lead to political and social conflict? What institution did these ideas challenge? The ideas challenged how many people thought and challenged their religious beliefs. The Catholic Church was challenged by these new ideas the most.
- How did Imperial ism lead to economic and political conflict between Imperial powers? Imperial powers wanted the same land because of the resources they contained (economic conflict), and It caused governments to ally with different nations to gain and protect power (political conflict).
- What were the major effects of WWI? (at least 5)
1. USA isolates itself fearing more conflict.
2. League of Nations was made to stop new conflict (it failed miserably)
3. Germany was punished which lead to hyperinflation, the Great Depression, and Hitler taking power.
4. New countries were made in Europe based on Ethnic groups (Poland, Czechoslovakia, Estonia etc.) due in part to nationalism.
5. Russia was destroyed and reborn as the communist Soviet Union
6. Japan decided the way to power was to take things like parts of China.
7. War technology like tanks, airplanes, and bombs was increased.
- Why was the Treaty of Versailles a disaster? It punished Germany and made them an enemy of France and Britain. Did not solve the harsh feelings that led to conflict, and allowed Hitler to campaign against the treaty. The League of Nations could not stop conflict, and America never joined it.
- What were the major effects of WWII? (at least 5)
1. Nuclear weapons were developed changing war forever.
2. US and Soviet Union became world superpowers and launched the Cold War.
3. Japan, Germany, and Italy became allies of the US not enemies after the war.
4. US, France, Soviet Union (Russia today), China, and Great Britain gained veto power in the UN.
5. International Organizations attempt to stop new world wars, and worldwide depressions.
6. Much of Europe makes the European Union for cooperation and ending war.
7. Empires begin to decolonize.
- Why was their conflict during the Cold War and what made it different?
A conflict of two systems worldwide (Communist v capitalist or democracy v communist dictatorship). Also MAD mutually assured destruction
- How did decolonization lead to conflict? Civil wars broke out because enemies were put together, and new nations had weak governments plagued by corruption.
- How did triangle trade and the middle passage (slavery) cause social conflict? For hundreds of years people of African descent had no rights and were abused. Today they have rights but face discrimination and hold different views than the majority that may cause conflict.
- How did Apartheid lead to social conflict in South Africa?
Whites had all the rights, and used blacks for labor and gave them few rights.
- Terms: Conquistadors Spanish explorer conquers of the New World
- , Global Conflict World wars, global economic problems, etc.
- , Power, ability to do what you or your country wants to.
- Appeasement, giving into the demands of a dictator in exchange for peace.
- Nationalism, feeling or pride for your country, or ethnic groups if it does not have a country.
- Militarism, military gaining influence and power in governmental decisions.
- Genocide attempt to destroy completely an ethnic group.
7.H.2.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of cooperative efforts and consensus building among nations, regions, and groups.
- What role do NGOs play in cooperation in the world? Many have members from different countries that work together to help in various activities around the world.
2. How has the UN increased the cooperation between countries? It has gotten agreement between many countries on issues such as stopping the spread of nuclear weapons, getting food to those in need, and placing peacekeeper s to monitor conflict areas.
3. Why has the UN not been effective in increasing international cooperation? When powerful countries with veto powers disagree, or protect their allies during conflict.
4. How effective have the WHO, OAS, EU, and NGOs been in consensus building? WHO has gotten world wide defensive organization against the common threat of disease. OAS has been less effective recently, but has improved human rights in America (North and South), EU has greatly increased Europe’s nations by having common courts, government, and currency, NGO’s see above.
7.E.1.2 Explain the implications of economic decisions in national and international affairs.
- What role do NGOs play in economic decisions in the world? Many have tried to encourage business in poor nations, some have loaned money to poor nations or poor individuals.
2. How have the WTO, G20, OPEC, NAFTA, and the EU changed the world economy? WTO: encourages free trade, has a place to settle trade disagreements, and makes rules for world trade.
G20: twenty wealthiest nations on earth who work together to create wealth, and stop financial crisis.
OPEC: control world oil supply and influence price.
NAFTA: Free trade between Mexico, Canada, and the US.
EU: Free trade in Europe common currency for many members.
3. What impact have these organizations had on worldwide disease in regards to economics, politics, and society? WHO tracks disease, and many organizations use money to fight its worldwide spread.
4. Terms: Globalization: How the world is more connected with worldwide trade, and culture. Interdependence, Nations relying on each other
International Organization, Multiple countries working together on one or multiple issues.
Cooperation Working together for a goal.
7.H.2.3 Explain how increased global interaction accelerates the pace of innovation in modern societies?
- How did the inventions of the railroad, car, telephone, radio, and internet create more discoveries? Better transportation and communication have allowed people from all over the world to collaborate and create more devices, and services.
- What effects has the Industrial Revolution had on our modern world? (at least 5)
1. Increased urbanization.
2. Increase power of the middle class )especially bourgeoisie)
3. Increased pollution.
4. Many more items made with less labor.
5. Increased transportation and communication.
6. Light in darkness on a mass scale.
7. Packaged processed food, and chain store clothing
- What effects has the Scientific Revolution had on our modern world? (at least 5)
1. Demanding proof for the way things operate.
2. Scientific Method.
3. Earth not the center of the universe.
4. Gravity and Evolution.
5. Medicine from microscope use.
6. Space Exploration.
- What effects has the Agricultural Revolution had on our modern world? (at least 3)
1. Crop Rotation
2. More food with less workers.
3. Urbanization
4. Larger population.
5. What are some specific inventions made during this Revolution? What impact did they have on the quality and quantity of production? All increased quality and quantity. Examples include, sewing machine, spinning jenny, train, car, tractor, seed drill, telescope, microscope, etc.
6. How does society change, and what class rises greatly in power during this time? Bourgeoisie (upper middle class) and middle class gain more power. Society shifts away from 3 estates of Nobles, Priests, and others to wealthy, middle class, and poor.
7. Why does the pace of invention increase during war? (Use examples from WW1 and WW2 in your answer). Countries will pay more money to win the war. EX. Nuclear weapons, tanks, air planes, jets, machine guns, flame throwers, p[poison gas, etc.
8. Terms: Industrialization Use of machines instead of people and animals for labor.
Urbanization: growth of cities, or people moving to cities.
Renaissance rebirth. Refers to Europe after the Middle Ages where learning became more focused, thought became a little more secular (nonreligious) and art had one of its golden eras.
7.H.2.4 Analyze the economic political and social impacts of disease in modern societies.
1. What was the Great Dying (think of smallpox), and why did it happen in the Americas? How did affect economics, politics, and society? Native Americans had no resistance to European disease some most of them died. Econ: Europeans needed workers because the Indians were dying so they imported slaves from Africa. Politics: Europe came to dominate and control America. Society: Led to a caste system based on race in South America, mixed European, American, and African cultures, and led to discrimination in America.
2. Why are disease researchers frightened about the possibilities of Flu, and what steps are taken to stop its spread? Flue killed 20 million people in 1918. Today we track flu careful and have a vaccine for it.
3. How has AIDS affected economics, government and society? Econ: $ to pay for care of sick and orphans, and workers dying in their prime. Govt: Needs to pay for clinics to treat the disease, is an issue for many voters. Society: infected face discrimination, and orphan headed household lack parental support and nurturing.
4. How did the Black Death affect economic, government and society? Econ: So many people died the economy broke down. After peasants were able to demand more money because of a lack of labor. Govt: Ceased to function In many places. Society: Skeletons were pictured in many forms of art as death was everywhere.
5. How does malaria affect economics, government, and society? Econ: $ from missed days at work and for medication. Govt: $ spent to destroy mosquito habitat, and provide medical centers. Society: NGOs trying to get rich nations to see this as a major problem.
6. Terms: Epidemic: Disease quickly spreading from one area to another with a large infection (pandemic means worldwide)
Vaccine: A medicine that builds up an immunity in a person (or animal) to a disease.
7.G.1.1 Explain how environmental conditions and human response to those conditions influence modern society.
1. In the age of Exploration why did the Europeans begin to explore and try to reach Asia? Economics, they wanted to reach the markets of China and India for spices, silk, china, and other objects. (scarcity of resources)
2. Why were European settlements in America, Africa, and Asia first on the coast? To make it easier to trade, supply the colonies, and use the navy to defend them.
3. How did the Columbian Exchange change the modern world (5 ways)
1. Brought diseases to North America that destroyed the natives.
2. Brought grain and livestock to the Americas
3. Brought corn and potatoes to the Old World
4. Exchanged technology between Old and New Worlds.
5. Exchanged culture between Old and New Worlds.
6. Created modern American culture with the mixing Native American, African, and European cultures.
7. Made Christianity the major religion in the New World
4. How did scarcity of resources lead to Imperialism? Powerful industrialized countries wanted the resources that were or grew in weak areas. They took them over.
5. What are natural barriers? Mountains, deserts, tundra, etc. They make it difficult to pass through, and influence human settlement.
6. What impact have the Panama and Suez canals had on bypassing barriers and trade? They have cut through natural barriers, and instead created a corridor that encourages trade throughout the globe.
7. What environmental factors helped start the Industrial Revolution? Rivers were used to power the first machines. Then coal was dug out to fuel the next machines.
8. When making a new settlement what geographic factors would you consider? Fresh water, food sources, transportation corridors (rivers or oceans) for trade, climate for warmth (less snow [which I hate]), and lack of natural disasters.
9. Terms: Push/Pull factors: Push factors are bad things that make you want to leave (no job, lack of resources, no freedom, corruption, war, etc) while Pull factors make you want to move somewhere else (job opportunity, nice climate, better taxes, someone you love, better resources.)
Scarcity: How much of a resource people have access to (usually meant to mean there is not enough of the item)
population distribution: How crowded a place is with people. Cities have a high population density. Land that can grow food easily also has high population density. Deserts and Mountain have low population density.
7.G.1.2 Explain how demographic trends lead to conflict, negotiation, and compromise in modern societies.
1. What affects has the one child policy had on China? Less people, no more starvation, an aging population, higher divorce rate.
2. How has the aging of industrialized nations caused economic compromise? There are more retired people who are demanding benefits from the government compared to the number of workers who are paying taxes for those benefits.
3. How did demographics lead to the French British alliance against Germany before World War I? Germany had more population, a larger industrial base, and had a larger military. This threatened both the UK and France so they allied against Germany.
4. How has the shift of human population from farms to cities (urbanization) lead to conflict and compromise? People are crowed more together (it lead to the development of police), and Farmers and city dwellers what to use resources differently.
5. What are the main reasons for immigration? Escaping poverty, persecution, or conflict.
6. Term: Standard of Living How well someone lives.
7.G.1.3 Explain how natural disasters, preservation efforts, and human modification of the environment affect modern society.
1. How do 1. recycling, 2. planting trees, 3. deforestation, 4. pollution, 5. irrigation systems, and 6. climate change affect modern societies? (make sure to have an answer for each one). 1. Turns waste into useable products. 2. Trees filter out pollution, and stop erosion. 3. Less trees causes erosion, and more pollution. 4. Causes smog, asthma, toxic places etc. 5. Allows crop to be grown in dry areas. 6. Increasing temperature due to human action is raising global temperature, changing weather patterns, and causing sea level rise.