Psychology 220
Exam 2 Review Sheet
Mood Disorders (Chapter 7 & Lecture)
· Overall classification of the 5 mood disorders (unipolar vs. bipolar)
· Symptoms of a Major Depressive Episode
· Subtypes of depression: psychotic features, post partum onset, seasonal onset/Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
· Diagnostic difference between major depression and dysthymic disorder, double depression
· Manic Episode, hypomania, difference between Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and Cyclothymia
· Genetic contributions to depression: which forms of depression are most heritable?
· Monoamine theories and neurotransmitters implicated
· Neurophysiological abnormalities: potential ion activity differences, 2 changes in sleep, reduced brain size & activity of prefrontal lobes, hemispheric activity differences at night,
· Behavioral theory of depression, Learned helplessness, reformulated learned helplessness (three attributional dimensions and typical attributional response to failure), depressive cognitive triad, rumination, introjected hostility
· Three classes of antidepressant drugs and relatives advantages/disadvantages of each, mood stabilizers
· ECT, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), vagus nerve stimulation,
· Age group most vulnerable to depression; reasons why other age groups may be under diagnosed (elderly and young children)
· Components of successful cognitive behavioral therapy: activity scheduling, skills training, identify and challenge negative thoughts
· Possible explanations for gender differences in depression (rumination, interpretation of puberty changes)
· Four types of issues addressed by interpersonal therapists (IPT) when treating depression
Schizophrenia (Chapter 12 & Lecture)
· Positive (5, Note: please treat catatonia a positive symptom) vs. negative symptoms (4), Type I vs. Type II schizophrenia
· Persecutory delusions, grandiose delusions, delusions of reference (which type is most common?)
· Hallucinations (which type is most common?)
· Types of psychotic disorders: Schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, shared psychotic disorder, substance-induced psychotic disorder
· Subtypes of schizophrenia (5) and their respective symptoms
· Prodromal symptoms and residual symptoms
· Schizophrenogenic mothers
· Genetic concordance rates for schizophrenia
· Structural brain abnormalities associated with the disorder
· Two possible environmental factors that may interact with a genetic predisposition to create schizophrenia
· Dopamine hypotheses and evidence supporting and contracting it
· Research on expressed emotion and relapse
· Biological treatments for schizophrenia: chlorpromazine/Thorazine (blocks D1& D2 receptors) & Clozapine (blocks D4 receptors), tardive dyskinesia
· Use of skills training and family therapy to supplement drug treatments
Dissociative Disorders (Chapter 6 (176-191) & Lecture)
· Symptoms of various dissociative disorders
· Controversy over the significantly increased rates of DID and other explanations offered by critics for the disorder
· Trauma dissociation theory, iatrogenic theory, and evidence supportive of each position
· Treatment of DID: hypnosis and fusion
· Differences between organic amnesia and psychogenic amnesia, anterograde amnesia
Somatoform Disorders (Chapter 6 (163-175) & Lecture)
· Types of somatoform disorders
· Psychoanalytic explanation for the occurrence of conversion disorder
· La belle indifference, glove anesthesia
· Psychosomatic/psychophysiological disorders, factitious disorders, malingering, Munchhausen’s syndrome, Munchhausen’s syndrome by proxy
Personality Disorders (Chapter 13 & Lecture)
· Definition of a personality disorder
· Defining characteristics of three major “clusters” of personality disorders
· Problems with the DSM personality disorder categorization
· Defining characteristics of three clusters of personality disorders
· Symptoms of each of the 10 specific personality disorders
· Theories for and treatment of antisocial and borderline personality disorder (only)
Revised: 1/24/2005