Electronic supplementary material

Monitoring frequency influences the analysis of resting behaviour in a forest carnivore

Filipe Carvalhoabc*, Rafael Carvalhoac, Ana Galantinhoab, António Miraac and Pedro Bejad

c CIBIO/InBio -UE – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos/InBio Laboratório Associado, Universidade de Évora, Pólo de Évora, Casa do Cordovil 2º Andar, Rua Dr. Joaquim Henrique da Fonseca, 7000-890 Évora, Portugal

*E-mail:

Table S1 Description and summary statistics of explanatory variables used to analyse rest site selection by the genet in Southern Portugal.

Variables / Abbreviation / Description / Transformation
Landscape composition and configuration (within 1 km of rest site)
Forests / FOREST / Proportional cover by forests (> 30 % tree canopy density) / Asin[√x]
Forests with shrubs / FOREST_SH / Proportional cover by forests (> 30 % tree canopy density) with understory shrubs / Asin[√x]
Forest patch Size / FOREST_PS / Mean patch size (ha) of forest habitats / Log 10
Forest edges / FOREST_ED / Density of (m ha –1) of edges between forests and other habitats / Log 10
Resource distribution
Riparian / D_RIPARIAN / Distance (m) to the nearest riparian habitat / Log 10
Predation risk
Shrub cover / SHRUB_CV / Proportional cover by shrubs within a 25 m of each rest site / Asin[√x]
Human disturbance
Human disturbance / D_HUM_PER / Distance (m) of rest site to the nearest source of human disturbance (e.g., houses and roads) / Log 10
Weather
Maximum temperature / T_MAX / Maximum daily temperature (ºC) / Log 10
Precipitation / PRECP / Daily precipitation (mm) / Log 10

Table S2 Summary results of Kruskal-Wallis and multiple comparison “two tail” posterior tests among monitoring frequency scenarios for (ns – not significant; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001):

a) Rest-site numbers

Season / Total / Wet / Dry
Krukal-Wallis test
Chi-squared (d.f. = 2) / 24.6254 / 29.697 / 22.966
P -value / *** / *** / ***
Post-hoc test (P < 0.05)
Daily vs. Weekly / *** / *** / ***
Daily vs. Every other Day / ns / ns / ns
Every other Day vs. Weekly / *** / *** / ***

b) Rest-site selectivity

Season / Total / Wet / Dry
Trees
Krukal-Wallis test
Chi-squared (d.f. = 2) / 0.038 / 0.019 / 0.188
P-value / ns / ns / ns
Nests
Krukal-Wallis test
Chi-squared (d.f. = 2) / 0.116 / 0.143 / 0.009
P-value / ns / ns / ns
Dens
Krukal-Wallis test
Chi-squared (d.f. = 2) / 0.684 / 0.487 / 0.992
P-value / ns / ns / ns

c) Rest-site reuse index

Season / Total / Wet / Dry
Krukal-Wallis test
Chi-squared (d.f. = 2) / 32.008 / 28.496 / 9.823
P-value / *** / *** / **
Post-hoc test (P < 0.05)
Daily vs. Every other Day / ns / ns / ns
Daily vs. Weekly / *** / *** / ***
Every other Day vs. Weekly / *** / *** / ns

d) Rest-site sharing

Season / Total / Wet / Dry
Krukal-Wallis test
Chi-squared (d.f. = 2) / 23.048 / 19.648 / 14.488
P-value / *** / *** / ***
Post-hoc test (P < 0.05)
Daily vs. Every other Day / ns / ns / ns
Daily vs. Weekly / *** / *** / ***
Every other Day vs. Weekly / *** / *** / ns