Module 1 Study Guide

Directions: Complete the Pretest! Then, complete this study guide as you are completing your lessons and assignments. Remember, this study guide does not count for a grade. It is to help you understand the module and prepare for your Discussion Based Assessment.

Lesson 1.01 Set the Stage

  1. Name three challenges that emperors faced when the borders of their empires expanded:

Match the important events of the Roman Empire:

  1. ____ 1000 BCE a. Roman empire controls Italian Peninsula
  2. ____ 509 BCE b. Punic Wars
  3. ____ 275 BCE c. Julius Caesar conquers Western Europe
  4. ____ 264 BCE-146 BCE d. Rome is founded
  5. ____ 58-51 BCE e. Rome sets up Republic
  6. ____ 44 BCE f. Roman Empire reaches height of its power
  7. ____ 27 BCE g. Augustus takes control of Rome
  8. ____ 200 CE h. Julius Caesar assassinated.
  1. Describe two reasons for why the Roman Empire split into eastern and western parts.

Match the city with its importance to the Byzantine Empire

  1. ____ Antioch a. government center of Italian territory
  2. ____ Alexandria b. capital of Sicily
  3. ____ Ravenna c. religious center
  4. ____ Syracuse d. government center or Eastern territory

List the places that the following empires controlled.

  1. The Persian empire controlled...
  1. The Roman Empire controlled...
  1. The Byzantine Empire controlled...

18. The Ottoman Empire controlled...

Lesson 1.02 Monotheistic Religions

Fill in this chart using terms from the word bank

Judaism

/

Christianity

/

Islam

Prophets
Messiah
Holy Book
House of Worship
Religious Leaders
Holy Sites
Sects
Basic Beliefs

1.03: The Expansion of Islam

Directions: while reading the lesson, fill in the blanks with key terms.

This lesson explores the ______or spread, of the ______faith from its beginnings in the seventh century to today. Although the largest numbers of Muslims live in ______, ______, and ______followers of the Islamic faith make up sizable minority groups in Europe and in North America. Muhammad had been preaching the ______given him by the angel Gabriel in ______. His teachings emphasized the belief in and ______to a single god. Islam means: ______to the will of God. A ______is someone one who submits to the will of God. From the time of ______, Arab merchants carried their ______beliefs with them and shared them with the people with whom they traded. Through ______and ______trade, Islam reached into North, Sub-Saharan, and East ______, as well as across Southwest and Central ______. In 632, ______without leaving a clear plan for how newly united Arabia should be ruled. Followers of Islam split into ______factions over the issue of ______: the ______Muslims and the ______Muslims. In the ______, there were four social classes. Not only did ______impact the Mediterranean area and the Middle East, its influence reached ______and parts of ______. Although the Islamic empires in India did not ______, the Islamic religion remains a ______among people in the region today. The help of a ______, universal banking system, and common language – ______, contributed to unifying the empire both politically and economically.

Match the city with the country it is in.

City:Country:

______Granada ______Mogadishu a. Israelj. Egypt

______Tangierb. Mali

______Timbuktuc. Somalia

______Cairod. Iraq

______Constantinoplee. Spain

______Tabrizf. Turkey

______Baghdadg. Morocco

______Jerusalemh. Yemen

______Adeni. Iran

1.04 The Golden Age of Islam

Directions: After reading module 1.04, list 4 achievements of the Golden Age of Islam:

  1. Economic Achievement (relates to money and trade)
  1. Intellectual Achievement (relates to Arts and Architecture, education, philosophies, writing systems)
  1. Political (relates to government)

4. Social (relates to Gender roles, family, race, ethnicity, social and economic class)

1.05 The Byzantines

Directions: while reading the lesson, fill in the blanks with key terms.

The Roman Empire had stretched so large by the fourth century CE that it had several provincial ______. The two most important political centers were ______in the ______and ______in the ______, which had formerly been called ______. With ______the Great's support, ______had become the official ______of the Roman Empire by the end of the fourth century CE. Latin was the official ______of the Roman Empire, but more people spoke ______in the ______. In the Byzantine Empire, the highest ______authority and highest ______authority was the ______person. However, in the ______, kings and church leaders were ______, though kings answered to the ______. In the eighth and ninth centuries, the Byzantine Empire is probably most famous for the______. The pope and bishops in the West ______. the use of icons, as did most Byzantine bishops.

The use of ______as religious symbols was not the only issue dividing the ______and ______churches. One was the use of ______instead of unleavened bread in worship. Another issue was the power of the ______, who saw the position of the emperor over the ______in the East as a challenge to his own authority. This event marks the ______, or split, in ______between East and West. The Church in the ______became the Roman ______Church. The Eastern ______Church continued to grow in the East, based in ______. St. ______was talented in learning languages and worked to create the first written ______for the Slavonic ______.

1.06 Byzantine Empire: Achievement and Expansion: Objectives

  1. Describe three ways Emperor Constantine contributed to the Byzantine Empire:

a.

b.

c.

  1. Describe three ways Constantinople's Location Contribute to Trade:

a.

b.

c.

  1. What is the Hagia Sophia?
  1. What were the 3 classes of the Byzantine Empire?

a.

b.

c.

  1. Describe 3 characteristics of Byzantine Culture:

a.

b.

c.

  1. Who was Justinian I?
  1. What are the two principles of the Justinian Code?

01.07 Collapse of an Empire

In 2-3 sentences, explain how each of the following categories contributed to the fall of the Byzantine Empire:

Political:

Military:

Macedonian Dynasty

Crusades

Ottoman Turks

In 1-2 sentences, describe each aspect of the Ottoman Empire’s culture:

Religion:

Role of Women:

Social Classes:

Byzantine Influence:

Vocabulary Terms

  1. Abraham: a Mesopotamian man who lived around 1800 BCE and is believed to be the patriarch of the three major monotheistic religions.Alexandria: a religious center of the Byzantine Empire
  2. Abbasid Caliphate: It became the second major Islamic dynasty.
  3. Antioch: the government center of the far eastern Byzantine Empire
  4. Bedouin: an Arab ethnic group that largely lives a nomadic or seminomadic life in the deserts of Southwest Asia and North Africa and whose people are generally organized into tribes or clans
  5. Bible: Holy book of Christianity.
  6. Bureaucracy: a group of officials and other workers who take care of the daily business of government
  7. Burqa: An outer garment worn by women in public in Islamic cultures
  8. Byzantine Empire: Eastern half of the Roman Empire. Capital city was Constantinople (Istanbul). Lasted from 300s C.E. to 1453 C.E.
  9. Canaan: Biblical or ancient name for the lands of modern Israel that lie between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea
  10. Constantine I: Roman emperor who ruled from 306 CE to 337 CE. He was the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, and he established Christianity as the empire's religion; he also moved the Roman capital from Rome to Constantinople
  11. Constantinople: noun. The former name of the city of Istanbul, Turkey.
  12. Continent: noun. One of the main landmasses of the globe, usually reckoned as seven in number (Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica).
  13. Denominations: branches or subgroups of a religion with specific beliefs or practices that distinguish it from other branches
  14. Diffusion: the process of spreading phenomena, such as religion and other cultural elements, from one area or group of people to another through contact
  15. Economic Focus: trade, commerce, production, currency, natural resources
  16. Five Pillars of Islam: The Five Pillars of Islam are a set of acts considered by Muslims to be central to their faith. They are shahadah (statement of belief), salat (daily prayers), sawm (fasting) during Ramadan, zakat (alms-giving), and hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).
  17. Hellenistic: relating to ancient Greek civilization
  18. Hijira: the journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib (later Medina) in 622 CE
  19. Hindu: a follower of Hinduism, a religious system that originated on the Indian subcontinent that emphasizes a cycle of rebirth in human existence and the role of dharma, or one's duty according to basic universal principles and laws
  20. The House of Wisdom: The House of Wisdom was a school and library founded by Caliph Al-Ma'mun in Baghdad, which attracted scholars from surrounding continents.
  21. Iconoclasm Controversy: debate in the seventh to ninth centuries of the Byzantine Empire over the Church's creation and use of icons
  22. Intellectual Focus: Arts and Architecture, education, philosophies, writing systems
  23. Janissaries: slaves of the sultan trained for battle.
  24. Jesus Christ: He is the most important figure in Christianity, held by tradition to have been the son of God. Christians believe that Jesus allowed himself to be crucified by the Romans to atone for the sins of humanity.
  25. Jizya: a poll tax paid by minority religious groups within the Muslim empire
  26. Justinian Code: a collection of laws and legal interpretations formed with the support of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I
  27. Kinship: a relationship or connection between two parties that share a common biological, cultural, or historical origin
  28. Muhammed: Muhammad is the founder of Islam. Muslims consider him to be the last in a line of prophets of God. His prophesies, collected in the Qur'an, are believed by Muslims to be the word of God.
  29. Moses: He is the most important figure in Judaism, believed to have written the Torah (the first five books of the Hebrew Bible). Moses is an important prophet in both Christianity and Islam.
  30. Ottoman Turks: Turkish group ruled by the Ottoman dynasty; formed an empire that lasted from about 1300 to 1922
  31. Patriarch: a man considered the father or founder of a family, race, or religion
  32. Political Focus: forms of government, revolutions, legal systems, war and peace
  33. Punic Wars: three wars fought between Carthage and the Roman Republic between 264 BCE and 146 BCE
  34. Qu’uran: Holy book of Islam.
  35. Ravenna: the government center of the Italian territory of the Byzantine Empire
  36. Religious Focus: Beliefs, prophets, rituals.
  37. Roman Republic: a political state established by the Roman people that had a representative government for its citizens; it lasted from 509 BCE to 27 BCE.
  38. Social Focus: Gender roles, family, race, ethnicity, social and economic class, population, demographics
  39. Sultanate: a state or country, generally Islamic, governed by a ruler known as a sultan
  40. Syracuse: the capital of the island of Sicily during the Byzantine Empire
  41. Technological Focus: science, inventions, technology,
  42. Torah: Holy book of Judaism
  43. Umayyad Caliphate: The Umayyad Caliphate (661 CE to 750 CE) was the second Islamic caliphate after Muhammad's death. It was also the first Islamic empire.