1
Michael Scott Hedrick
Department of Biological SciencesTel. 510.885.7443
CaliforniaStateUniversity, East BayFAX 510.885.4747
25800 Carlos Bee
Hayward, CA94542
EDUCATION:
1991Ph.D. Zoology. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
1985M.S. Biology. PortlandStateUniversity, Portland, OR
1980B.S. Biology. Lewis and ClarkCollege, Portland, OR
PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS:
2005-Professor, Dept. of Biological Sciences, CSU-EastBay
2000-2005Associate Professor, Dept. of Biological Sciences, CSU-EastBay
1994-2000Assistant Professor, Dept. of Biological Sciences, CSU-Hayward
1996 (Sum.)Visiting Assistant Professor, University of WisconsinSchool of Veterinary Medicine
1994Research Associate, Dept. of Comparative Biosciences, Univ. of Wisconsin
1991-93Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine. University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
National Science Foundation – Integrative Animal Biology (IAB), Panel Review Committee. Washington, D.C. October 21-23, 2002; October 20-22, 2003; October 24-26, 2005.
National Science Foundation – Course, Curriculum and Laboratory Improvement (CCLI), Panel Review Committee. Washington, DC. July 23-26, 2001
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Neurobiology/Physiology Panel Review Committee. Washington, DC. June 17-18, 1999; February 24-25, 2000; February 8-9, 2005; March 8-9, 2007
Research Sabbatical Leave. Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San FranciscoMedicalSchool. January-June, 2001.
External Reviewer for the Dept. of Biological Sciences, IdahoStateUniversity, Pocatello, ID. (Promotion and Tenure review). September, 2002.
External Reviewer for the Dept. of Biology, University of Akron, Akron, OH. (Promotion and Tenure review). July, 2006.
Research Sabbatical Leave. Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC. August-September, 2007.
HONORS AND AWARDS:
George and Miriam Phillips Outstanding Professor Award, CSU, EastBay (2006-2007)
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS:
American Physiological Society
Sigma Xi
Society for Neuroscience
Society for Experimental Biology (UK)
TEACHING EXPERIENCE (CSUEB):
Department of Biological Sciences
Human Anatomy and Physiology (Biol. 2010/2020) – course instructor (lecture and lab)
Principles of Animal Physiology (Biol. 3151) – course instructor (lecture and lab)
Neurobiology (Biol. 4510) – course instructor
Applied Neurobiology (Biol. 4512/6512) – course instructor (funded by NSF-CCLI)
Mammalian Physiology (Biol. 4520/6520) – course instructor
Graduate Seminar – Physiology (Biol. 6811)
Graduate Seminar – Neuroscience (Biol. 6841)
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil
Department of Zoology
Graduate Course in Neurobiology (To be offered December, 2007)
University of Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Zoophysiology
Graduate Course in Neurobiology (August, 2004)
University of WisconsinSchool of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Comparative Biosciences
Laboratory demonstrations in Veterinary Physiology (1992):
Respiratory Physiology;Acid-Base Physiology
Veterinary Physiology Lectures (1994):
Respiratory Physiology; Cardiovascular Physiology
University of British Columbia
Department of Zoology
Teaching Assistant 1985-1991
Courses: Introductory Zoology (majors and non-majors); Vertebrate Physiology
PortlandStateUniversity
Department of Biology
Teaching Assistant 1983-1985
Courses: Human Anatomy and Physiology; Comparative Anatomy; Comparative Physiology
GRADUATE STUDENTS ADVISED (CSUEB):
Rey Morales (M.S.1997)Mary Ann Maravillas (current)
Lise Broch (M.S.2000)Kambiz Kamrani (current)
Jennifer Lucitti (M.S.2001)
Monica Martinez (M.S. 2002)
Rachel Winmill (M.S. 2003)
Nick Nimmo (2007)
Anna Chen (2007)
John Polos (current, exp. 2007)
Amritha Menon (current, exp. 2007)
COMMITTEE SERVICE (CSUEB):
Department or College Committees:
Graduate Committee
Chair, Biology Assessment Committee
Chair, Physiological Ecology Search Committee(hired Dr. Caron Inouye)
Post-tenure Review Committee
Cell/Developmental Search Committee
Microbiology/Virology Search Committee
Promotion, Tenure and Retention Committee (College of Science)
Promotion, Tenure and Retention Committee (Department)
Chair, Physiology Search Committee (hired Dr. James Murray)
University Committees:
Research Committee
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
Chair, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
Student Health Services Advisory Committee
Admissions, Student Services and Retention Committee
Academic Senate (College of Science Representative)
Committee on Academic Planning and Resources
Faculty Affairs Committee
California Faculty Association Executive Board (CSUEB Chapter)
WASC Outcomes Committee
Review Committee - Vice President, Continuing and International Education
Chair, Search Committee – Director, Office of Research and Sponsored Programs
SERVICE AS REFEREE:
Journals (alphabetical):
American Journal of Physiology
American Zoologist
Biochemical Pharmacology
Bioelectrochemistry
Brain Research
Canadian Journal of Zoology
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology
Copeia
Herpetologica
Herpetological Journal
Journal of Applied Physiology
Journal of Comparative Physiology B
Journal of Experimental Biology
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Journal of Neurophysiology
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology
Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology
Nature
Trends in Neurosciences
Other reviewing activities:
National Institutes of Health (Ad hoc Reviewer), 1997-present
National Science Foundation (Ad hoc Reviewer), 1999-present
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Ad hoc Reviewer), 2003-present
W.H. Freeman (Reviewer for Eckert’s 4th ed. of Animal Physiology)
Academic Press (Reviewer for Air-Breathing Fishes, by Dr. J.B. Graham)
Benjamin-Cummings (Reviewer for Moyes and Schulte’s Principles of Animal Physiology)
Oxford University Press (Reviewer for textbook proposal,Respiratory Biology of Animals)
GRANTS and FELLOWSHIPS:
Extramural
NIH“Cellular mechanisms for breathing and hypoxia tolerance.” $476,085. (6/1/05-5/31/09). Grant no. SO6 GM48135 (CSUEB MBRS/SCORE program).
NSF “Developing a comprehensive physical model of lymph movement in amphibians.” $153,480 ($41,787 Subcontract to CSUEB). (9/1/01-8/30/04). (Stanley Hillman, PI. Portland State Univ.). Grant no. IBN 0110713 - Integrative Animal Biology).
NIH“Regulation of respiration during development in an amphibian.” $532,805. (6/1/01-5/31/05). Grant no. SO6 GM48135 (CSUH MBRS/SCORE program).
NSF“Implementation of Laboratory Investigations in Neurobiology Course.” $30,826. (2/1/01-1/31/04). CSUH. Grant no. NSF-CCLI 0088650.
NIH“Neurochemical control of breathing in anuran amphibians.” $306,494. (3/97-3/01) Grant no. SO6 GM48135 (CSUH MBRS program).
NIH“Control of respiratory motor activity by α2 receptors” $292,892 (7/96-6/99). (Co-Investigator; Gerald Bisgard, P.I. Univ. of Wisconsin). Grant no. RO1-HL53969.
NIHNational Research Service Award (NRSA) “Alpha-2 adrenergic control of breathing” (9/92-12/94). University of WisconsinSchool of Veterinary Medicine. $28,500.
NIHUniversity of WisconsinSchool of Veterinary Medicine. Postdoctoral Training Fellowship in Respiratory Physiology (10/91-10/93)
American Philosophical Society – PortlandStateUniversity (3/84-3/85). “Comparative blood viscosities in marine mammals” $1,500.
Intramural
CSUEB RSCA “A unique teaching/research opportunity in Brazil.” $8,000.(3/07-12/07).
CSUH RSCA “Mechanisms of brain cell protection during oxygen stress.” $9,885.(9/03-9/04).
CSUH RSCA (9/00-9/01). “Neurobiology of periodic breathing in an amphibian.” $12,213.
CSUH RSCA Quarter Leave Grant. “Effects of nitrite and nitric oxide on cardiovascular regulation in common carp.” Odense University, Denmark. $12,000.(3/98-6/98).
CSUH RSCA “Effects of nitric oxide on central respiratory rhythm generation in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). $8,995.(9/96-9/97).
CSUH RSCA “Effects of stress on the synthesis of heat shock proteins in fish.” $3,200.(10/95-6/96).
CSUH RSCA “Effects of stress hormones on breathing in fish.” $9,960.(9/95-9/96).
Univ. of WisconsinGraduateSchool Fellowship. $6,600.(10/94-12/94)
INVITED SYMPOSIA LECTURES:
Oct., 2006“Comparative Mechanisms of Respiratory Rhythm Generation and Chemoreception.” American Physiological Society. Virginia Beach, VA. (Co-organizer of symposium with Dr. William Milsom, Univ. of British Columbia).
April, 2005“Phylogeny of dual rhythm generating networks in vertebrates.” XXXV International Union of Physiological Sciences. San Diego, CA.
April, 2005“International Collaborations: Science Knows No Boundaries” XXXV International Union of Physiological Sciences. San Diego, CA.
Sept., 2004“Nitric Oxide: Comparative Aspects of Respiratory and Cardiovascular Homeostasis” (Session Chair). Society for Experimental Biology. Naples, Italy.
April, 2003“Non-arterial circulation: The Dark Side of Cardiovascular Biology” Experimental Biology 03. San Diego, CA.
April, 2002“Cardio-respiratory Control” Society for Experimental Biology. Swansea, Wales (Co-organizer of symposium with Dr. Tobias Wang, Aarhus Univ., Denmark).
Aug., 1999“Cardiac and Vascular Strategies of Lower Vertebrates” Fifth International Congress of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry. Calgary, Canada.
Feb., 1999“Free Radicals in Disease Process” Ponce University School of Medicine Biomedical Workshop. Ponce, Puerto Rico
Apr., 1998“Comparative Perspectives on Respiratory Control” Experimental Biology 98. San Francisco, CA.
INVITED DEPARTMENTAL SEMINARS:
May, 2006Northern Arizona University, Dept. of Biology
Apr., 2006University of Toronto, Dept. of Zoology
Apr., 2006San Jose State University, Dept. of Biological Sciences
Nov., 2004Sonoma State University, Dept. of Biology
Nov., 2004San Jose State University, Dept. of Biological Sciences
Aug., 2004University of Aarhus, Denmark, Dept. of Zoophysiology
Nov., 2003TexasTechUniversityHealthSciencesCenter, Dept. of Physiology
Sep., 2002University of Aarhus, Denmark, Dept. of Zoophysiology
Aug., 2000University of Aarhus, Denmark, Dept. of Zoophysiology
Aug., 2000University of Southern Denmark (OdenseUniversity), Institute of Biology
Apr., 2000California State University, San Bernardino, Dept. of Biology
Oct., 1999New Mexico State University, Dept. of Biology
Sep., 1998University of Calgary, Canada, Dept. of Medical Physiology and Biophysics
June, 1998Odense University, Denmark, Institute of Biology
May, 1998University of Aarhus, Denmark, Dept. of Zoophysiology
Mar., 1994Louisiana State University, Dept. of Zoology and Physiology
Mar., 1994California State University, Hayward, Dept. of Biological Sciences
June, 1993Idaho State University, Dept. of Biological Sciences
Apr., 1993HarvardUniversity, Museum of Comparative Zoology
Aug., 1991University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Comparative Biosciences
INVITED PUBLIC LECTURES:
“Fascinating Rhythm: Getting to the Heart of Breathing.”PortlandStateUniversity Biology Alumni Night (October, 2005).
PUBLICATIONS IN REFEREED JOURNALS:
Drewes, R.C., M.S. Hedrick, S.S. Hillman and P.C. Withers (2007). The unique role of skeletal muscle contraction in vertical lymph movement in anurans. J. Exp. Biol. Submittted.
Hedrick, M.S., R.C. Drewes, S.S. Hillman and P.C. Withers (2007). Lung ventilation contributes to vertical lymph movement in anuran amphibians. J. Exp. Biol. Submitted.
Chen, A.K. and M.S. Hedrick (2007). Glutamate and Substance P regulate respiratory rhythm generation during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. Submitted.
Lucitti, J.L. and M.S. Hedrick (2006).Characterization of baroreflex gain in the domestic pigeon (Columba livia). Comp. Biochem. Physiol.143: 103-111.
Hedrick, M.S. (2005). Development of respiratory rhythm generation in ectothermic vertebrates. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 149: 29-41. Review
Hedrick, M.S., A.K. Chen and K.L. Jessop. (2005). Nitric oxide changes its role as a modulator of respiratory motor activity during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana).Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 142: 231-240.
Hillman, S.S., P.C. Withers, M.S. Hedrick and R.C. Drewes (2005). Functional roles for the
compartmentalization of the subcutaneous lymphatic sacs in terrestrial anuran amphibians. Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 78: 515-523.
Hedrick, M.S., C.S. Fahlman and P.E. Bickler (2005). Intracellular calcium and survival of tadpole forebrain cells in anoxia. J. Exp. Biol. 208: 681-686.
Winmill, R.E., A.K. Chen and M.S. Hedrick (2005).Development ofthe respiratory response to hypoxia in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.J. Exp. Biol. 208: 213-222.
Hillman, S.S., M.S. Hedrick, P.C. Withers and R.C. Drewes (2004). Sump pumps in the attic, lymph pools in the basement: The anuran dilemma for lymph movement.Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 77: 161-173.
Winmill, R.E. and M.S. Hedrick (2003). Gap junction blockade with carbenoxolonedifferentially affects fictive breathing in larval and adult bullfrogs. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 138: 239-251.
Andersen, J.B., M.S. Hedrick and T. Wang (2003). Cardiovascular responses to hypoxia and anaemia in the toadBufo marinus.J. Exp. Biol. 206: 857-865.
Winmill, R.E. and M.S. Hedrick (2003). Developmental changes in the modulation of respiratory rhythm generation by extracellular K+ in the isolated bullfrog brainstem. J. Neurobiol. 55: 278-287.
Hedrick, M.S. and R.E. Winmill (2003). Excitatory and inhibitory effects of tricaine(MS-222)on fictive breathing in the bullfrog brainstem.Am. J. Physiol.284: R405-R412.
Morales, R.D. and M.S. Hedrick (2002). Temperature and pH/CO2 modulate respiratory activity in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 132A: 477-487.
Broch, L., R.D. Morales, A.V. Sandoval and M.S. Hedrick (2002). Regulation of the respiratory central pattern generator by chloride-dependent inhibition during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). J. Exp. Biol. 205: 1161-1169.
Yang, H., J. Velema, M.S. Hedrick, G.F. Tibbits and C.D. Moyes (2000). Evolutionary and physiological variation in cardiac troponin C in relation to thermal strategies of fish. Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 73: 841-849.
Wang, T., M.S. Hedrick, Y.M. Ihmied and E.W. Taylor (1999). Control and interaction of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in anuran amphibians. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 124A: 393-406. Review
Hedrick, M.S. and R.D. Morales (1999). Nitric oxide as a modulator of central respiratory rhythm in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 124A: 243-251.
Hedrick, M.S., W.B. Palioca and S.S. Hillman (1999). Effects of temperature and physical activity on blood flow shunts and intracardiac mixing in the toad Bufo marinus. Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 72: 509-519.
Hedrick, M.S. and D.R. Jones (1999). Control of gill ventilation and air-breathing in the bowfin Amia calva. J. Exp. Biol. 202: 87-94.
Hedrick, M.S., R.D. Morales, J.M. Parker and J.L.H. Pacheco (1998). Nitric oxide modulates respiratory-related neural activity in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog. Neurosci. Lett. 251: 81-84.
Hedrick, M.S., M.R. Dwinell, P.L. Janssen, J. Pizarro and G.E. Bisgard (1998). Differential respiratory muscle recruitment induced by clonidine in awake goats. J. Appl. Physiol. 84: 1198-1207.
Hedrick, M.S., M.L. Ryan and G.E. Bisgard (1995). Laryngeal nerve activation by 2adrenergic agonists in goats. Respir. Physiol. 101: 129-137.
Pizarro, J., M.L. Ryan, M.S. Hedrick, D.H. Xue, I.M. Keith and G.E. Bisgard (1995). Intracarotid substance P infusion inhibits ventilation in the goat. Respir. Physiol. 101: 11-22.
Ryan, M.L., M.S. Hedrick, J. Pizarro and G.E. Bisgard (1995). Effects of carotid body sympathetic denervation on ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in the goat. Respir. Physiol. 99: 215-224.
Hedrick, M.S., S.L. Katz and D.R. Jones (1994). Periodic air-breathing behaviour in a primitive fish revealed by spectral analysis. J. Exp. Biol. 197: 429-436.
Hedrick, M.S., M.L. Ryan, J. Pizarro and G.E. Bisgard (1994). Modulation of respiratory rhythm by 2-adrenoceptors in awake and anesthetized goats. J. Appl. Physiol. 77: 742-750.
Ryan, M.S., M.S. Hedrick, J. Pizarro and G.E. Bisgard (1993). Carotid body noradrenergic sensitivity in ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia. Respir. Physiol. 92: 77-90.
Hedrick, M.S. and D.R. Jones (1993). The effects of altered aquatic and aerial respiratory gas concentrations on air-breathing patterns in a primitive fish (Amia calva L). J. Exp. Biol. 181: 81-94.
Davies, P.J., M.S. Hedrick and D.R. Jones (1993). Neuromuscular control of the glottis in a primitive air-breathing fish, Amia calva. Am. J. Physiol. 264: R204-R210.
Stephenson, R., M.S. Hedrick and D.R. Jones (1993). Cardiovascular responses to diving and involuntary submergence in the rhinoceros auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata, Pallas). Can. J. Zool. 70: 2303-2310.
Hedrick, M.S., M.L. Burleson, D.R. Jones and W.K. Milsom (1991). An examination of central chemosensitivity in an air-breathing fish (Amia calva). J. Exp. Biol. 155: 165-174.
Hedrick, M.S. and D.A. Duffield (1991).Haematological and rheological characteristics of blood in seven marine mammal species: implications for diving behaviour. J. Zool. (Lond.) 225: 273-283.
Withers, P.C., S.S. Hillman, M.S. Hedrick and P.B. Kimmel (1991). Optimal hematocrit theory during activity in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 99A: 55-60.
Withers, P.C., M. Lea, T.C. Solberg, M. Baustian and M. Hedrick (1988). Metabolic fates of lactate during recovery from activity in an anuran amphibian, Bufo americanus. J. Exp. Zool. 246: 236-243.
Withers, P.C., R.B. Forbes and M.S. Hedrick (1987). Metabolic, water and thermal relations of the Chilean tinamou (Nothoprocta predicaria). The Condor 89: 424-425.
Hedrick, M.S., D.A. Duffield and L.H. Cornell (1986). Blood viscosity and optimal hematocrit in a deep-diving mammal, the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris). Can. J. Zool. 64: 2081-2085.
Hillman, S.S, P.C. Withers, M.S. Hedrick and P.B. Kimmel (1985). The effects of erythrocythemia on
blood viscosity, maximal systemic oxygen transport capacity and maximal rates of oxygen consumption in an amphibian. J. Comp. Physiol. B. 155: 577-581.
BOOK CHAPTERS:
Coolidge, E., M.S. Hedrick and W.K. Milsom. Ventilatory Systems. In: Fish Physiology. Vol. 27. (McKenzie, D.J., Farrell, A.P., Brauner, C.J., eds.). Academic Press. New York, 2007.
Hedrick, M.S., L. Broch, M. Martinez, J.L. Powell and R.E. Wade. Is the vertebrate respiratory central pattern generator conserved? Insights from in vitro and in vivo amphibian models. In: Frontiers in Modeling and Control of Breathing: Integration at Molecular, Cellular and Systems Levels. (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Series, Vol. 499). Edited by, C.-S. Poon and M. Kazemi, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, Inc.: New York. Pp. 127-132, 2001.
Hedrick, M.S., M.L. Ryan and G.E. Bisgard. Modulation of respiratory rhythm in the goat by 2-adrenoceptors. In: Ventral Brainstem Mechanisms and Control of Respiration and Blood Pressure. Edited by, Trouth, C.O., R. Millis, H. Kiwull-Schone and M.E. Schlafke. Marcel-Dekker, Inc.: New York. Pp. 739-754, 1995.
Bisgard, G.E., J. Pizarro, M. Ryan and M. Hedrick. Substance P inhibits ventilation in the goat. In: Arterial Chemoreceptors: Cell to System. Edited by, O’Regan, R.G., D.S. McQueen and D.J. Paterson. Plenum Press: New York. Pp. 277-279, 1994.
NON-REFEREED PUBLICATIONS:
Johnson, S.M. and M.S. Hedrick (2006). The evolutionary origins of the preBötC and pFRG. (Reply to Point-Counterpoint: The para-facial respiratory group (pFRG)/ the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) is the primary site of respiratory generation in the mammal). J. Appl. Physiol. 100: 2105-6.
MANUSCRIPTS IN PREPARATION:
Turesson, J., L. Sundin, M.S. Hedrick and M.L. Burleson (2007).Brainstem mechanisms controlling cardiovascular reflexes in channel catfish. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. Submitted.
Chen, A.K. and M.S. Hedrick. Role of persistent sodium and calcium-activated cation channels on development of respiratory rhythm in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana).
Milsom, W.K. and M.S. Hedrick. Evolution of respiratory rhythm generation in vertebrates.
PUBLISHED ABSTRACTS/PRESENTATIONS:
Hedrick, M.S. (2006). Development of respiratory rhythm generation in amphibians. Am. Physiol. Soc. Virginia Beach, VA. The Physiologist 49(6): C1-41.
Hedrick, M.S., S.S. Hillman, R.C. Drewes and P.C. Withers (2006). Lung ventilation is coupled to lymph movement in anuran amphibians. Soc. Exp. Biol. Canterbury, UK. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 143A: S70.
Hedrick, M.S. and A.K. Chen (2006).Glutamateric regulation of respiratory rhythm generation during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Soc. Exp. Biol. Canterbury, UK. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 143A: S71.
Polos, J.L.C. and M.S. Hedrick (2006). Hypaxial musculature is recruited during increased respiratory drive in anuran amphibians. Exp. Biol. San Francisco, CA. FASEB J. 20(5):
Chen, A.K. and M.S. Hedrick (2006). Glutamatergic regulation of respiratory rhythm generation during development in the bullfrog brainstem. Exp. Biol. San Francisco, CA. FASEB J. 20(5):
Drewes, R.C., S.S. Hillman, M.S. Hedrick, L.G. Wilson, H.B. Constable and P.C. Withers (2005). The anuran lymphatic system: how frogs ‘get it up.’ 5th World Congress of Herpetology. Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Hedrick, M.S.(2005). Neuromodulation of the dual respiratory oscillators in the developing amphibian brainstem. FASEB J. 19(5): A1639.
Hedrick, M.S., A.K. Chen, R.E. Winmill and K.L. Jessop (2004). Nitric oxide and the development of the respiratory central pattern generator in amphibians. Soc. Exp. Biol. Capri, Italy. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 139B(1): 143.
Hedrick, M.S., A.K. Chen and R.E. Winmill (2004). Development of the respiratory response to anoxia in the isolated bullfrog brainstem. FASEB J. 18(4): A337.
Hedrick, M.S.,Z. Harlow and S.S. Hillman (2004). Skeletal muscle activity and pulmonary ventilation facilitate lymph movement in anuran amphibians. FASEB J. 18(4): A1303.
Hedrick, M.S., R.E. Winmill and A.K. Chen (2003). Role of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in hypoxia-induced respiratory responses in isolated brainstem preparations from larval and adult bullfrogs. Int. Soc. Autonom. Neurosci. Calgary, AB. Autonom. Neurosci.: Basic and Clinical 106(1):A40.
Bickler, P., M. Hedrick and C. Fahlman (2003). Oxygen-sensitive MAPK pathway signaling in neurons: interaction with intracellular calcium in neuroprotective mechanisms. FASEB J. 17(4): A428.
Hedrick, M.S. and S.S. Hillman (2003). Passive and active mechanisms for lymph movement in anuran amphibians. Exp. Biol. San Diego, CA.
Winmill, R.E., O. Soremi and M.S. Hedrick (2003). Differential responses to hypoxia in isolate brainstems of larval and adult bullfrogs. FASEB J. 17(4): A12.
Burleson, M.L., J. Turesson, M.S. Hedrick and L. Sundin (2002). Central glutamatergic control of cardioventilatory function in catfish. Am. Physiol. Soc. San Diego, CA.
Martinez, M. and M.S. Hedrick (2002). Cardiorespiratory control in paralyzed, decerebrate toads (Bufo marinus): influence of anesthesia and post-surgical recovery time. Soc. Exp. Biol. Swansea, Wales. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 132A: S25.
Andersen, J., M.S. Hedrick and T. Wang (2002). The cardiovascular and ventilatory response to oxygen shortage in toads. Soc. Exp. Biol. Swansea, Wales. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 132A: S25.
Wade, R.E. and M.S. Hedrick (2002). Dependence of respiratory-related motor output on extracelluar K+ concentration in the isolated brainstem of larval and adult bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana). FASEB J. 16(4): A811.
Hedrick, M.S. and S.S. Hillman (2002). Control of lymph movement in anuran amphibians. Soc. Exp. Biol. Swansea, Wales. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 132A: S23.