Medication Safety- PO & Injections

Advanced Skills

Medication Safety- PO & Injections

A. Oral and Topical

1. PO Meds

2. Topical/Transdermal

3. OTIC and Ophthalmic

4. Nasal

5. Vaginal/Rectal

Learning Objective:

Describe principles using the five rights to safely prepare and administer medications:
Describe the nurses’ responsibility:
If a medication order is questionable.
If a patient is not in his or her room.
If a patient refuses medication.
If the nurse has made an error.
Identify metric, apothecary, and household equivalents.
Convert units of measure from one system of measurement to another system of measurement.
Calculate correct dosages of oral and liquid medications by correctly interpreting doctors’ orders and drug labels.
Calculate drug dosages using various systems of equivalents.
Convert measurements from metric unit to a larger or smaller unit.
State the formula to be used in calculating a dose of medication.
Explain considerations for the administration of oral medications to infants and children.
Math test must be passed with a grade of 90 or above before medications may be given in clinical.
Math test may be taken only three times.
Scheduling of math test will be posted.

Required Text and Resources:

Yoost & Crawford (2016).Fundamentals of Nursing, Chapter 35

Lewis (2014). Medical-Surgical Nursing (9thed.). Chapter 29, p.p. 573-575

Burchum & Rosenthal (2016).Lehne’s Pharmacology for Nursing Care.Applicable chapters.

Lehne’s Pharmacology Online for Nursing Care.(2016). Drug Handbook.Applicable sections.

Practicum:

Practice the procedure for preparing and administering oral medications using paper and electronic MAR’s.

Practice the procedure for preparing and administering topical medications using paper and electronic MAR’s.

Have a peer review your ability to administer vaginal, rectal, nasal, inhaled and topically applied medications.

Have two peers review your ability to prepare and administer oral, ophthalmic, and otic medication.

Have an instructor evaluate your ability to prepare and administer ophthalmic, otic, transdermal, inhalation and oral medication in tablet and liquid form.

Have a peer review your ability to administer medications through an enteral tube.

Document the PRN medication in nurses’ narrative notes in the EHR.

B. Injections

1. Intramuscular

2. Subcutaneous / Insulin

3. Intradermal

Learning Objective:

Explain consideration for administration of injectable drugs to infants and children.
State the maximum volume for administration of injectable medications to infants, children and adults.
Identify landmarks for all injection sites (intramuscular, subcutaneous, and intradermal).
Discuss the types of insulin and peak action time for each.
Discuss selection of correct needle and syringe for all types of injections.
Differentiate between varying directions for reconstitution and select the correct set to prepare the dosage ordered.
Measure dosages correctly in milliliters, minims, and units using a variety of syringes.
Compute the amount of drug to be administered per pound or per kilogram of body weight.
Demonstrate the procedures for administering IM, ID, Sub-q, and Z track injections.
Demonstrate the procedure for mixing insulin.

Required Text and Resources:

Yoost & Crawford (2016).Fundamentals of Nursing, Chapter 35

Lewis (2014).Medical-Surgical Nursing (9thed.). chapter 49, p.p. 1158-1163

Burchum & Rosenthal (2016).Lehne’s Pharmacology for Nursing Care.Chapter 57, p.p. 676-683,698-701

Lehne’s Pharmacology Online for Nursing Care (2016). Drug Handbook.Applicable sections.

Practicum:

Practice preparing and administering parental medications.

Have two peers review your ability to remove medication from an ampule and a vial, administer Sub-q, IM, and ID medication and correctly mix insulin in a syringe.

Have a peer review your ability to use prefilled cartridges and holders available in skills lab.

Have a peer evaluate your ability to reconstitute powdered medication and calculate dosages from the reconstituted medication.

Have two peers review your ability to identify landmarks for IM, Sub-q and ID injections.

Have an instructor evaluate your ability to identify landmarks for IM, Sub-q and ID injections.

Have two peers review your ability to prepare and administer medication for IM, Sub-q and ID injection in a group.