PreAP Physics Fall Final Exam Review Guide
Note to Student: the following questions are examples of topics that might be on the final exam, in addition you need to know the concepts that support these questions. Identify the concept supporting each question and study that concept in preparing for the exam. While your final will be multiple-choice format, you should work these problems out.
____1.In the steps of the scientific method, what is the next step after formulating and objectively testing hypotheses?
a. / interpreting results / c. / conducting experimentsb. / stating conclusions / d. / making observations and collecting data
____2.These values were obtained as the mass of a bar of metal: 8.83 g; 8.84 g; 8.82 g. The known mass is 10.68 g. The values are
a. / accurate. / c. / both accurate and precise.b. / precise. / d. / neither accurate nor precise.
____3.Five darts strike near the center of a target. The dart thrower is
a. / accurate. / c. / both accurate and precise.b. / precise. / d. / neither accurate nor precise.
____4.Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures: 21.4 + 15 + 17.17 + 4.003
a. / 57.573 / c. / 57.6b. / 57.57 / d. / 58
____5.Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures: 10.5 8.8 3.14
a. / 2.9 102 / c. / 290.1b. / 290.136 / d. / 290
____6.Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures: (0.82 + 0.042 ) (4.4 103)
a. / 3.8 103 / c. / 3.784 103b. / 3.78 103 / d. / 3784
____7.When velocity is positive and acceleration is negative, what happens to the object’s motion?
a. / The object slows down. / c. / Nothing happens to the object.b. / The object speeds up. / d. / The object remains at rest.
____8.
What does the graph above illustrate about acceleration?
____9.A shopping cart given an initial velocity of 2.0 m/s undergoes a constant acceleration of 3.0 m/s2. What is the magnitude of the cart's displacement after the first 4.0 s of its motion?
____10.A race car accelerates from 0 m/s to 30.0 m/s with a displacement of 45.0 m. What is the vehicle's acceleration?
____11.A rock is thrown straight upward with an initial velocity of 24.5 m/s where the downward acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m/s2. What is the rock's displacement after 1.00 s?
____12.A coin released at rest from the top of a tower hits the ground after falling 1.5 s. What is the speed of the coin as it hits the ground? (Disregard air resistance. g=9.81m/s2.) Do the same problem again but without the time, but use a height of 50 m. How tall is the tower?
____13.Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum, a feather or a metal bolt?
a. / the featherb. / the metal bolt
c. / They would hit the ground at the same time.
d. / They would be suspended in a vacuum.
____14.Identify the following quantities as scalar or vector: the mass of an object, the number of leaves on a tree, wind velocity.
a. / vector, scalar, scalar / c. / scalar, vector, scalarb. / scalar, scalar, vector / d. / vector, scalar, vector
____15.A duck waddles 2.5 m east and 6.0 m north. What are the magnitude and direction of the duck’s displacement with respect to its original position?
____16.What is the acceleration (magnitude and direction) on a projectile at any point during the projectile’s flight?
____17.What is the shape of a standard projectile trajectory?
____18.A model rocket flies horizontally off the edge of the cliff at a velocity of 50.0 m/s. If the canyon below is 100.0 m deep, how far from the edge of the cliff does the model rocket land?
a. / 112 m / c. / 337 mb. / 225 m / d. / 400 m
____19.The ballon has a mass of 350 kg. In the free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the gravitational force acting on the balloon?
a. / 1520 N / c. / 4050 Nb. / 950 N / d. / 5120 N
What is the net upward force on the balloon?
What is the vertical acceleration?
What is the net sideways force on the balloon?
What is the sideways acceleration?
What general direction does it move?
____20.A ball is thrown from a person’s hand and falls to Earth. Identify two action-reaction pairs, and compare the forces exerted by each object.
____21.The magnitude of the force of gravity acting on an object is called the
a. / frictional force. / c. / inertia.b. / weight. / d. / mass.
____22.A construction worker pushes a wheelbarrow 5.0 m with a horizontal force of 50.0 N. How much work is done by the worker on the wheelbarrow?
When carrying a heavy box and holding it at the same height, is any work done in the vertical direction
I: by you?
II: by gravity?
Hint: consider the vertical displacement of the box.
____23.Which of the following energy forms is involved in winding a pocket watch?
a. / electrical energy / c. / gravitational potential energyb. / nonmechanical energy / d. / elastic potential energy
____24.A 3.00 kg toy falls from a height of 10.0 m. Just before hitting the ground, what will be its kinetic energy? (Disregard air resistance. g=9.81m/s2.)
____25.What is the kinetic energy of a 0.135 kg baseball thrown at 40.0 m/s?
____26.Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object in motion?
a. / potential energy / c. / nonmechanical energyb. / elastic potential energy / d. / kinetic energy
____27.Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object due to its position?
a. / potential / c. / totalb. / positional / d. / kinetic
____28.What is the average power supplied by a 60.0 kg secretary running up a flight of stairs rising vertically 4.0 m in 4.2 s?
____29.Which of the following has the greatest momentum?
a. / truck with a mass of 2250 kg moving at a velocity of 25 m/sb. / car with a mass of 1210 kg moving at a velocity of 51 m/s
c. / truck with a mass of 6120 kg moving at a velocity of 10 m/s
d. / car with a mass of 1540 kg moving at a velocity of 38 m/s
____30.A 6.0 10–2 kg tennis ball moves at a velocity of 12 m/s. The ball is struck by a racket, causing it to rebound in the opposite direction at a speed of 18 m/s. What is the change in the ball’s momentum?
a. / –0.38 kgm/s / c. / –1.1 kgm/sb. / –0.72 kgm/s / d. / –1.8 kgm/s
____31.A rubber ball moving at a speed of 5 m/s hit a flat wall and returned to the thrower at 5 m/s. The magnitude of the momentum of the rubber ball
a. / increased. / c. / remained the same.b. / decreased. / d. / was not conserved.
____32.Each croquet ball in a set has a mass of 0.50 kg. The green ball travels at 10.5 m/s and strikes a stationary red ball. If the green ball stops moving as a result of the collision , what is the final speed of the red ball after the collision?
____33.Two objects move separately after colliding, and both the total momentum and total kinetic energy remain constant. Identify the type of collision.
a. / elastic / c. / inelasticb. / perfectly elastic / d. / perfectly inelastic
____34.Two objects stick together and move with the same velocity after colliding. Identify the type of collision.
a. / elastic / c. / inelasticb. / perfectly elastic / d. / perfectly inelastic
____35.What is the gravitational force between two trucks, each with a mass of 2.0 104 kg, that are 2.0 m apart? (G=6.67310–11Nm2/kg2)
a. / 5.7 10–2 N / c. / 6.7 10–3 Nb. / 1.3 10–2 N / d. / 1.2 10–7 N
____36.Where should a force be applied on a lever arm to produce the most torque?
a. / closest to the axis of rotationb. / farthest from the axis of rotation
c. / in the middle of the lever arm
d. / It doesn’t matter where the force is applied.
Short Answer
37.State Newton’s first law of motion.
State Newton’s Third Law of Motion.
When using Newton’s Second Law in a situation that has 2 or more forces, can you simply plug numbers into F=ma? Explain.
38.What is the natural tendency of an object that is in motion?
39.Distinguish between mass and weight.
40.A worker picks up a bucket and sets it back down again in the same place. Is net work done on the bucket?
--Did the worker do work?
--Did gravity do work?
--What was the total work done?
Other Problems
41.In a game of tug-of-war, a rope is pulled to the left with a force of 75 N and to the right with a force of 102 N. What is the magnitude and direction of the net external force on the rope? If the rope has a mass of 10kg, what is the acceleration of the flag?
42. A projectile is launched horizontally off the lab table. The table is 93 cm tall. The object lands 2.4 m from the base of the table. What was the initial horizontal velocity of the projectile?
Be sure to examine these following topics and problems from webassign (use the “Practice another version” button)
-- projectiles (2D motion—projectiles #1,7,8,9,12,14)
--Falling bodies using kinematics and conservation of energy (Solve the problems both ways: Linear Motion 1#14,15, Linear Motion3 # 21,22,23,24 you won’t be able to solve for time using dynamics)
--Vector addition (parallel, anti-parallel, perpendicular, and random angles)
--Be sure you can add more than 2 vectors simultaneously (remember the “monkey” problem? You have a bunch like that in your notes, also Vectors & Force 1 #11,13, 2D motion—forces #9, 11,12,13)
--Inclined plane systems (2D motion—forces #10, 14,15,16,18)
--Solve with kinematics/forces
--Solve with conservation of energy if possible/applicable
--Using Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation (gravity worksheet—get a new copy from the website)
--Torque (torque worksheet in your packet)
--Centripetal force (Rotation #10,11,16,17)
--Linear collision problems (momentum #17,18,19)
--Impulse problems (momentum #14,15,16)
--Principles of work and power (questions from the “big worksheet” in your last packet)
--Work, Kinetic, Potential Energy and Power (questions from the “big worksheet” in your last packet)
--Review the equations that we have learned and used so far this year. You will get an equation sheet identical to the one attached to this review guide, but you should be familiar with the equations before going into the exam or this resource does you zero good.
--Ignore any references to “energy,” “work” or “power” in this guide. These topics are normally addressed in the fall, but we did not get to them this year. We will begin next semester with these topics.