1. Ecosystems
Match the key words below with the definitions in the table
Community population habitat environment
Key Word / DefinitionA place where organisms live
A group of organisms of the same species
A group of different species living together in one place
Earthworms helpful to the gardener. They improve the condition of the soil. How do they do this?
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Match the key words below with the definitions in the table:
(some words may be used more than once)
Carnivore herbivore trophic level primary consumer
Secondary consumer omnivore tertiary consumer producer
Key Word / DefinitionAn animal which eats other animals
A plant which traps sunlight energy in sugars
An animal which eats plants
A category of feeding
An animal which eats secondary consumers
An animal which eats plants and animals
Give three ways in which the earthworm is adapted to living in the soil
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Give three ways in which the squirrel is adapted to living in woodland in Great Britain
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Look at the food web below:
Pick out a food chain of 4 organisms from the above web
………………...à ……………………….à ……………………….à……………………….
Why are food chains rarely more than 4 organisms long?
Describe three ways in which the activities of humans could change the balance of animals and plants in the ecosystem:
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Below is a pyramid of numbers
Which trophic level would be i) the oak tree ii) the kestrel iii) the moth caterpillar iv) the bluetit ?
Organisms have lived on the world for millions of years. Long before artificial fertilisers were produced. How come they did not run out of minerals such as nitrogen and phosphorus which they need in large amounts?
Match the names of the processes below with the arrows on the diagram of the nitrogen cycle above:
Death and decay nitrogen fixation denitrification nitrification
Name the group of bacteria responsible for process A
Name the group of bacteria responsible for process B
Name the group of plants represented by the one in the diagram
Give two Named examples of plants from this group
A farmer uses a synthetic (man made) inorganic fertiliser in October. Why is this considered a waste of money?
This could cause eutrophication. Describe the stages in this process.
Animals in food chains can be poisoned by herbicides (weed killers). Explain how this can happen
2. Soils
Complete this diagram about particles
These particles are created as they are weathered from rock by physical, biological and chemical agents.
Normal rain is a slightly acidic. Name a rock which is weathered by this rain. . This is an example of weathering.
Onion skin weathering is an example of weathering.
Describe how it happens
Explain how trees and rabbits can act as biological weathering agents
trees
rabbits
Describe how to test a sample of dry soil to find its pH. Label the diagram as you do so.
Use the words from the list below to label the characteristics of the soils in the Coombes triangle as shown by the example:
Free draining good drainage easily waterlogged
small particles medium particles large particles
small air spaces medium air spaces large air spaces
slow to warm quick to warm
Complete this spidogram
Look at the display alongside
Explain why it is important for a farmer or grower to test soil pH regularly and add the correct amount of lime if needed
3. Farming Methods
A weed is a plant growing where it is not required. Give three reasons why farmers and growers need to control weeds
A contact herbicide kills only the parts of the plant it touches. It is useful on weed seedlings of annual plants. It is not residual. A translocated herbicide usually works by being absorbed and transported throughout the plant. It kills the whole plant. Some weed killers are selective. Why might they kill plaintain but not the grass in the lawn?
What is the meaning of the term monoculture?
What is meant by the term mixed cultivation
Give 3 effects of monoculture on the natural environment
Give 3 effects of monoculture on the soil environment
Give 3 advantages of removal of hedges
Give 3 disadvantages of removal of hedges
In what ways can farms contribute to the following types of pollution
Air
Noise
Water
Smell
Visual
Complete the following comparison of intensive and extensive production systems with the words high medium low
Intensive / ExtensiveArea of land per head of stock
Amount of fertiliser
Amount of herbicide
Amount of labour used per head of stock
Investment level
Crop Yield per hectare
Stocking Density
Energy use per animal
Big tractors!
Advantages / DisadvantagesHow do farmers and growers reduce the effects of larger machinery?
In the first column of the table below list three environmental factors which need to be controlled in a glasshouse to improve productivity. In the second column explain how each is controlled:
Environmental factor / How controlledWhy is there likely to be a shortage of energy for agriculture in the future?
Name 4 alternative ways of generating electricity (other than coal oil gas nuclear). For each give 2 advantages and 2 disadvantage
Method of electricity generation / Advantage / Disadvantage1 / 1
2 / 2
1 / 1
2 / 2
1 / 1
2 / 2
1
2
List 3 possible risks when studying a river habitat. For each outline a way in which the risk may be reduced
Risks / How reducedRGS Environment and Land Based Science Revision Workbook B493