Exam 1 Review
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University / Leader:
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*This does not cover every detail that will be on the test, just main ideas. Study your notes and use other methods along with this review*

PROTISTS:

Match all of the seven eukaryotic linages to the characteristic that describes them.

a)Characterized by having an excavated feeding groove

b)Characterized by lacking cell walls, obtain nutrients by engulfing it and moving in an amoeboid motion producing large lobe-like pseudopodia

c)Includes plants as well as several lineages of protists(Green and Red algae)

d)Characterized by presences of thread-like (filose) pseudopodia-Rhizaria

e)small membrane-bound cavities(alveoli) under their cell membrane(only visible with an electron microscope)- Alveolata

a)Rhizaria

b)Aleolata

c)Stramenopila

d) Opisthokonta

e)Excavata

f)Amoebozoa

g) Plantae

f)Characterized by presences of hair-like projections on one of their(typically) two flagella- Stramenopila

g)Characterized by presences of single posterior

flagellum on swimming cells(sperm cells)

Now that you know the seven eukaryotic lineages and some of their characteristics label the pictures below with the correct eukaryotic lineage and more specifically which major lineage it is from that group(Figure 30.7 should help if you get stuck)











  1. Mitochondria and plastids both have circular DNA separate from the DNA contained in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. This is evidence supports what theory?
  1. Plasmodial slime molds belong to clade
  2. Stramenopila
  3. Ameobozoa
  4. Rhodophyta
  5. Alveolata

3. What fact about Diatoms is true?

a. They have glass like cell walls.

b. There are freshwater and marine species

c. They are important photosynthetic organisms in plankton.

d. They are commonly used in swimming pool filters and paint on the roads.

e. All of the above.

4. Which of the following is a mutualistic relationship?

a. Lyme disease

b. the bioluminescent bacteria that are on the flashlight fish

c. Pickles

d. binary fission

5. Which algal group is mismatched with its description?

a. Dinoflagellates- Most species are multicellular

b. green algae-cell walls with a lot of cellulose

c. red algae- produces carrageenan-in many foods we eat

d. diatoms- a major component of phytoplankton

6. What is meant by a plasmodium is a “coenocytic mass”?

7. LoboseAmoeboa is one of the major lineages of ______. Lobose is ______and moves by producing ______.

8. Which economic use doesn’t match up

  1. Fossil Forams-used by oil industry to find where oil may be by looking at rock strata
  2. Red Algae- Used to create agar which you use in lab
  3. Diatomaceous earth-used as a pesticide because it’s like shards of glass
  4. Dinoflagellates-Used to filter and clean the ocean making it very clean

PROKARYOTES:

METABOLISM CHART: Define carbon and energy needs, then fill in the blanks

Autotrophs: / Heterotrophs:
Phototrophs:
Chemoorganotrophs:
Chemolithotrophs:

DEFINE

Nitrogen Fixing:

Aerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration:

Anoxygenic photosynthesis:

Symbiotic relationship:

Cyanobacteria:

  1. What are the main ecological roles of prokaryotes?

2. What kinds of organisms can fix nitrogen?

a.Eukaryotes

b. Photosynthetic organisms

c. Prokaryotes

d. bacteria

3. What are the four nuances in metabolism in prokaryotes?

4. Chemoorganoheterotrophs get their energy from ______and obtain their carbon ______.

5. Bacteria that use organic molecules as an energy source and CH4 as a carbon source are called:

  1. Chemoorganoheterotrophs
  2. Chemolithoautotrophs
  3. Chemoorganoautrotrophs
  4. Chemolithoheterotrophs

6. What causes lakes to turn green like the picture below?

7. Do all prokaryotes have a cell wall? What other structure can they have that will help “glue” them to surfaces

8. 2.2 billion years ago what caused the earth to become polluted with oxygen?

a. cyanobacteria and hyperthermophiles

b. halophiles and methanogens

c. anabaena and nostoc

d. spirochetes and proteobacteria

9. Which of the following produce oxygen

  1. Cyanobacteria, some protists and plants
  2. Plants, cyanobacteria and halophiles
  3. Proteobacteria, plants, some protists

d. Archaeans, some protists, plants

10. In class we talked about soybeans fixing nitrogen. We determined that the soybean itself did not fix the nitrogen, so then what does fix the nitrogen and where is it located.

11. How do you tell by looking at a bacterium if it is pathogenic or not?

12. Prokaryote Morphology:

13. Domain Archaea has 4 lineages, which lineage did we discuss in class and give three examples of that lineage.

14. Prokaryotes reproduce by ______.

15. What are the three domains? Which one(s) contain prokaryotic organisms

16. Eukaryotic cells divide by ______and produce to ______and genetically ______daughter cells

THE HISTORY OF LIFE ON EARTH(Look at figures 28.6 & 28.7 to know chronological order of life)

1.“An explanation for natural phenomena that is well supported by many reliable observations” describes which of the following?

  1. Fact
  2. Hypothesis
  3. Law
  4. Scientific theory
  1. A scientific theory is considered fact.
  2. True
  3. False
  1. Atmospheric oxygen became abundant due to eukaryotic plants
  2. True
  3. False
  1. Which clade carries out non-plant like photosynthesis?
  2. Proteobacteria
  3. Spirochetes
  4. Chlamydias
  5. Cyanobacteria
  6. More than one of the above
  1. What two aspects allow us to know when organisms are present on earth and for how long? (Define each)
  1. What is carbon dating and what’s the down side to it?
  1. Stratigraphic patterns and radiometric dates are ______but they do not tell how how life began or how life became so ______, they just set a time frame for history on earth
  1. Put the following dates in order from earths beginning to your birth

Extinction of dinosaurs, first mammals, your birth, first eukaryotic cells, oldest fossils of animals, oldest land plant fossils, first birds, origin of life, earth began(4.5bya), atmospheric oxygen became more abundant, oldest prokaryote fossils, first flower plants, origin of modern humans

  1. Place the following in order form least specific to most specific:

Phylum, Class, Domain, Kingdom, Species, Family, Genus, Order

  1. The tip/terminal node on a phylogenetic tree shows the most recent & living animal

True or False They do not have to be extant can be extinct

  1. Approximately ____% of eukaryotes have been named and ____% of all species on earth have been named
  1. 12 & 2
  2. 2 & 20
  3. 20 & 20
  4. 20 & 2