Masterpieces of Greek Literature Dr. Fredricksmeyer Dr. Fre

Herodotus. The Persian Wars

Books 2-9: including the Egyptian logos, the Debate over Constitutions, Xerxes and Greek victory

Book 2

Cambyses and his Egyptian campaign

Egyptian logos (paratactic organization)

ethnographic

Eyptians and Greek pantheon

most learned of all nations

cultural relativism

climate and character (Airs, Waters, Places)

reversal of customs in Egyptian culture

religiosity of Egyptians

vs. Greek human secularism

historical

imagninary pharoah Rhampsinitus' treasury and the 2 thieves

Egyptian cunning

cultural relativism

Book 3

Cambyses and his Egyptian campaign (ring composition)

hubris: Amasis, Apis, Smerdis

[campaign vs. the Ethiopians-story of the bow]

military disasters

Cambyses’ death

back to Persia-Darius and his assumption of power

Debate on Government: Democracy, Oligarchy, Monarchy

sophistic influence:

democracy-Otanes

oligarchy-Megabyzus

monarch-Darius

relative merits

relation to each other

ahistoricism/anachronism


Darius' assumes power

horse-natural supernaturalism

historical method

demise of Itraphernes and his wife's choice (cf. Antigone)

Book 4

Scythian logos

barbaric customs

hubris of Darius

bridges Bosphorus

cuts throats

North African logos

Book 5 (begins prelude to invasion)

Thracian logos

Ionian revolt (499)

Book 6

end of Ionian revolt

loss of Mardonius' fleet

Darius demands tokens of submission

Battle of Marathon (490 B.C.)

Miltiades' flanking maneuver

lopsided victory: 192 vs. 6400

Book 7

Darius dies

Xerxes

Mardonius vs. Artabanus-warning motif

Xerxes' hubris:

Mt. Athos

Hellespont

subject’s favorite son

catalogue of Persian massive forces-5 million!

Demaratus on Spartan martial prowess

Herodotus: Athen’s victory as divine will

Themistocles

oracle re wooden wall and Athenian thalassocracy

Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.)

King Leonidas

Ephialtes

Xerxes' further hubris

Book 8

Xerxes further hubris:

rape

slaughter suppliants in sancturaries

rob and burn temples, including Acropolis

Xerxes' reversal (tragic sequence)

Battle of Salamis (480)

postal service

Book 9

Persian final defeat (479)

Plataea

Mycale