Marine Science Unit 6 Test Study Guide

*This is not mandatory and is not a grade, but is highly recommended. I will add up to 10 bonus points to your classwork grade for completing this study guide.

Part 1: Species & Populations

  1. Whatis the science that studies how organisms relate to each other and their environment?
  2. List the 6 organizational levels of ecology in order from largest to smallest.
  3. In which organizational level of ecology do organisms transfer energy?
  4. A) Which factors in the ocean are living?

B) Which factors in the ocean are non-living?

  1. Label the following as either biotic or abiotic factors:
  2. Seagrass
  3. Fish
  4. Sand
  5. Coral reef
  6. Water
  7. What is the area and its factors where an organism lives called?
  8. What is an organism’s job/role called?
  9. What refers to the number of individuals per unit area in a population?
  10. Whatrefers to how individuals in a population are spaced out across the range of the population—randomly, uniformly, or in clumps?
  1. A) What type of population dispersion would seagrass have in the ocean?

B) What type of population dispersion would fish have in the ocean?

  1. A population’s ______determines whether the population size increases, decreases, or stays the same.
  1. What are the 2 ways you can increase a population’s size?
  2. What is the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that a particular environment can support?
  1. *A) Give an example in the ocean where random sampling would be the best technique used and

explain why.

*B) Give an example in the ocean where the mark and recapture sampling would be the best

technique used and explain why.

Part 2: Communities & Symbiosis

  1. A) What relationship occurs when two organisms of the same species have a contest over a

resource like a mate, food, or shelter?

B) What relationship occurs when two organisms of different species have a contest over a

resource like a mate, food, or shelter.

  1. What relationship occurs between an organism who hunts and eats another organism.
  2. What type of relationship occurs when an organism has a crucial role in the way its ecosystem functions (the ecosystem may not exist without that organism)?
  1. What type of relationship occurs when several species live together in an ecological community?
  1. What type of relationship occurs between two species in a community, where both organisms benefit?
  1. What type of relationship occurs between two species in a community, where one organism benefits without affecting the other?
  1. What type of relationship occurs between two species in a community, where one organism benefits while harming the other?
  1. Label the following ecological relationships:
  2. Algae lives inside a coral, and provides the coral with energy from photosynthesis
  3. A parrot fish eats the coral with its large teeth in search of algae
  4. Different species of coral overgrow each other
  5. A small crab lives inside a sponge
  1. *Give an example of a keystone species and explain how they impact their ecological community.

Part 3: Ecosystems

  1. A) What organisms are capable of producing their own food, also known as producers?

B) What organisms must consume their energy, also known as a consumer?

  1. What are the 2 ways an autotroph can produce its food?
  2. What is the only way a heterotroph can produce its food?
  3. How does photosynthesis and cellular respiration work together?
  4. What is a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy to each other by eating and being eaten?
  1. What is a network of feeding interactions within an ecosystem?
  2. What shows the amount of energy contained within each trophic level within a food chain or web?
  1. What is the first level of autotrophs in a food chain or web called?
  2. What are the most common autotrophs in the ocean (Hint: they make up 92%!)?
  3. *Use the food web to answer the following questions:

A)List the primary producer(s).

B)Who eats the zooplankton?

C)What does the octopus eat?

D)List all herbivores.

E)List all tertiary level consumers.

F)List one food chain with 4 levels.