Make a Timeline of the Events of the Indian Wars of the Mid to Late 19Th Century

Chapter 26 Study Guide

1. How and why did white settlers destroy Native American settlements of the Great Plains? Discuss the varying policies of the US government in your answer.

1. ID: Reservation system

1. Make a timeline of the events of the “Indian Wars” of the mid to late 19th century.

______

1. ID: Dawes Severalty Act

1. Describe the impact of the mining and ranching industries on the American West.

Mining / Ranching

1. ID: The Long Drive

1. ID: The Homestead Act

1. Describe the challenges of homesteading in the West. How did farmers adapt?

1. What was the relevance of the 1890 census? Describe the significance and impact of the American frontier, heavily referencing Frederick Jackson Turner in your answer.

1. ID: Bonanza farms

1. Why were farmers struggling by the late 19th century? What were their key complaints?

1. ID: The Grange

1. ID: The Farmers’ Alliance

1. What were the goals of the Populist Party? How did they shape the election of 1896 and why were they ultimately unsuccessfully?

1. ID: William Jennings Bryan

1. ID: William McKinley

1. ID: Coxey’s Army

1. What caused the Pullman Strike? Was it successful- why or why not?

Chapter 24 Study Guide

1. How did the role of agriculture in the national economy change between 1870 and 1900?

1. How did the federal government encourage the construction of the transcontinental railroad? Why?

1. Compare and contrast Union Pacific vs. Central Pacific construction of the transcontinental railroad.

1. How many transcontinental lines were built by the end of the century?

1. What does railroad consolidation mean? When new developments increased efficiency of rail lines?

1. ID: Cornelius Vanderbilt

1. How did the expansion of the railroad, especially the transcontinental railroad, create a “revolution”?

1. ID: Stock watering

1. ID: Pool

1. ID: Rebate
2. Who demanded regulation of the railroad? Why was the government reluctant to take action? What efforts were ultimately made and were they successful? Why or why not?

______

1. Why was the United States the leading manufacturing nation in the world by 1894?

Explain at least THREE reasons.

1. ID: Alexander Graham Bell

1. ID: Thomas Edison

1. ID: J.P. Morgan

1. Discuss the ways industrial giants limited competition and the impact of such methods on consumers and other businesses. Be sure to use the following terms in your answer: vertical integration, horizontal integration, trust, and interlocking directorates.

1. Why was there a high demand for steel and what allowed Carnegie to build his steel empire?
2. Why was there a high demand for oil and what allowed Rockefeller to build his oil empire?

1. ID: Social Darwinism

1. ID: Gospel of Wealth

1. To what extent was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act successful?

1. To what extent did the economic transformation of the nation impact the South?

______

1. How did industrialization impact the United States? Give THREE specific examples. What “old ways” of life started to disappear and change?

1. Why did workers form unions?

1. What challenges did early unions face?

1. Compare and contrast the Knights of Labor with the American Federation of Labor.

1. ID: Haymarket Square

1. ID: Closed shop

1. ID: Samuel Gompers

1. Read “Varying Viewpoints” on page 537. The big businessmen of this time period have been labeled both “captains of industry” and “robber barons.” What arguments have different historians made in defense of these titles?

Chapter 23 Study Guide

1. ID: “Waving the bloody shirt”

1. Give examples of the rampant political corruption that existed in the mid to late 19th century. Use the following terms in your answer: Jim Fisk, Jay Gould, Boss Tweed, Credit Mobilier scandal, and the Whiskey Ring. What did these demonstrate about the political climate and national priorities at the time?

1. What were the causes and effects of the Panic of 1873?

1. Make a list of political trends of the time period. Consider voter turnout, party platforms, campaigns, etc.

1. ID: Patronage

1. What were the causes and effects of the Compromise of 1877

1. ID: Civil Rights Act of 1875

______

1. ID: Sharecropping

1. ID: Jim Crow laws

1. ID: Plessy v. Ferguson

1. What did the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 demonstrate about the labor movement in the United States? What was President Hayes’ response?

1. What were the causes and effects of the Chinese Exclusion Act?

1. What national tragedy prompted the passage of the Pendleton Act and why is it considered the “Magna Carta of civil-service reform”?

1. Read “Makers of America- The Chinese” on pages 500-501. Describe the Chinese immigrants of the 19th century and the ways the contributed to the US economy after their arrival. How did the Chinese-American community respond to nativist discrimination?

______

1. Describe the issues, candidates, and outcome of the presidential election of 1884.

1. Why were tariffs a controversial topic and what were the arguments on both sides?

1. ID: Billion- Dollar Congress

1. ID: McKinley Tariff Act of 1890

1. What were the causes and effects of the Homestead Strike?

1. What were some of the reasons for the failure of the Populists in the election of 1892?

1. ID: grandfather clause

1. What were the causes, effects, and government responses to the depression in 1893?

1. Read “Varying Viewpoints.” Identify and describe TWO historical interpretations of the Populist movement.

Ch 25 Study Guide

1. How was city life different from rural life?

1. What were some negatives of city life?

1. ID – New Immigration:

1. What evidence supports the statement that America in the 19th century was pluralistic?

1. What were the push and pull factors that led immigrants to flood to America?

1. By whom and how were immigrants aided in their transition into American life?

1. ID – Rauschenbusch and Gladden:

1. How did supporters of the social gospel respond to urbanization? How did they impact the future of reform?

1. ID – Jane Addams:

1. ID – Settlement Houses:

1. What were the concerns of nativists? Use the cartoon on the bottom of 550 to explain the irony of the rise of nativism in America.

1. What laws were passed to limit immigration?

1. How did Darwinism splinter the religious community? How did it lead to the rise of Christian fundamentalism (if you don’t know what that is look it up)?

1. How did education change during the Gilded Age?

1. ID – Booker T. Washington:

1. ID – W.E.B. Dubios

1. What developments in the Gilded Age era lead to changes in higher education? Explain.

1. ID – Pragmatism:

1. ID –Yellow journalism/Hearst/Pulitzer:

1. What caused the “new morality”, what was it, and how did people react to it?

1. How was pragmatism related to Darwinism? How would a pragmatist teach a history course?

1. How did family life change in the cities?

1. ID – NAWSA/Carrie Chapman Catt:

1. What was the NAWSA’s argument for why women should have the right to vote?

1. ID – Woman’s Christian Temperance Union:

1. ID – Horatio Alger:

1. ID – Realism:

1. Summarize the several movements in American literature of the Gilded Age described in this section.

1. What amusements became popular during this era?

Chapter 28 Study Guide

1. What were causes or roots of the Progressive movement?

1. ID - How the Other Half Lives:

1. What social reformers called for change before the Progressives?

1. ID – Muckrakers:

1. ID – Lincoln Steffens:

1. How were the muckrakers representative of the nature of the Progressive Era?

1. Pinpoint the progressive’s two main goals.

1. Identify the reason Sombart gives for a lack of socialism in America that you find most compelling. Why?

1. ID – Initiative:

1. ID – Referendum:

1. ID – Recall:

1. ID – Australian Ballot:

1. ID – 17 Amendment:

1. What strides did Progressives take in cities and states?

1. Although Progressivism did not result in the right to vote for women, why was it extremely significant on their road to the vote? What causes did they take up and what did they have in common?

1. ID – Muller v. Oregon:

1. ID – Lochner v. New York:

1. Explain Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal. How did he prove himself the the coal (anthracite) strike?

1. Did Teddy Roosevelt deserve the title “trust buster?” Why or why not?

1. Why is The Jungle a good example of the power of journalism?
2. Why was the fact that America had innumerable natural resources responsible for its overutilization? (Use TR’s quote at the bottom of 651 to answer this question.)

1. ID – Newlands Act:

1. Make a short and succinct timeline of environmentalist activity in the United States.

1. Explain the difference between a conservationist and a preservationist.

1. How did the Roosevelt Panic lead to changes in the gold standard?

1. Was Teddy Roosevelt truly a radical? Explain why or why not.

1. ID – Dollar diplomacy:

1. How did Taft’s actions lead to a split in the Republican party?

1. ID – New Freedom:

1. ID – New Nationalism:

1. Read Who Were the Progressives? Which historian do you find most compelling – explain their analysis and why you think that their take is most true.

Chapter 27 Study Guide

1. What developments led America to seek to expand overseas?

1. ID - The Influence of Sea Power upon History:

1. Why was Britain quick to reconcile with the United States in the late 1800s? What was this turn-about in relations called?

1. ID – McKinley Tariff:

1. Why was acquiring the Hawaiian Islands in step with Alfred Mahan’s goals?

1. Explain the context of the Cuban insurrection.

1. How did yellow journalism play a role in America’s involvement in the Cuban insurrection?

1. ID – Maine:

1. Read the quote in the bottom corner of 611. Using context clues, what do you think “jingoes” are?

1. Considering the start of the war, to what degree was the Spanish American War brought about by a desire to expand democracy? To what degree was it a land grab? Use the Teller Amendment in your analysis.

1. Where did America attack first and why was this significant?

1. ID – Rough Riders:

1. What were the terms of the treaty ending the Spanish American War?

1. Why did Christians desire the acquisition of the Philippines? Wall Street bankers? Those concerned with America’s security? Who opposed the acquisition and why?

1. What changes led to a large increase of Puerto Rican immigrants to the US in the 20th century?

1. What significant question arose with the advent of an American Empire? How did the Insular Cases answer this question?

1. What was the Platt Amendment (include its significance)?

1. ID – Emilio Aguinaldo:

1. Explain the course and result of the Filipino insurrection.

1. How did the two Open Door notes reflect American interests in China?

1. What did Teddy Roosevelt mean when he said, “speak softly and carry a big stick, and you will go far.”

1. Why did America want a canal through Panama?

1. ID – Hay-Pauncefote Treaty:

1. Complete the following chart for the Roosevelt Corollary:

Causes / Definition / Effects

1. Did the new kind of imperialism fall in line with free market capitalism? Why or why not?

1. Pretend you are writing an essay about America’s involvement in the Spanish American War, its first foray into international imperialism. What would be good synthesis that you could use linking this form of imperialism to a different form of American expansion in an earlier period? What would be good synthesis linking this imperialism to the histories of other countries?

1. ID – Gentleman’s Agreement:

Chapter 29 Study Guide

1. How could the Federal Reserve Act change the American banking system?

1. What was Wilson’s record on busting trusts?

1. What groups of people did Wilson help? What groups of people did he not? Give examples of both.

1. ID – Jones Act:

1. How was Wilson’s diplomacy different from Taft’s and Roosevelt’s?