M.Sc. Microbiology CBCS Curriculum 2011

Master of Science in Microbiology

Hem. North Gujarat University, Patan

M. Sc. (Microbiology) Syllabus

(With effect from June 2011)

M.Sc. Microbiology CBCS Based Curriculum

(With effect from June 2011)

Paper No / Title / Credit
Semester– I
MB-101 / Cell Biology and Genetics / Core / 04
MB-102 / Diversity of Life Forms and Applied Microbiology / Core / 04
MB-103 / Biochemistry and Analytical Techniques / Core / 04
Elective / Any one elective paper (MBEL 1 to 6) / Elective / 02
Practical - I / Practical based on MB 101 to 103 and selected elective paper / 06
Semester– II
MB-201 / Molecular Genetics of Bacteria and Bacteriophages / Core / 04
MB-202 / Research Methodology &Professional Practices / Core / 04
MB-203 / Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering / Core / 04
Elective / Any one elective paper (MBEL 7 to 12) / Elective / 02
Practical - II / Practical based on MB 201 to 203 and selected elective paper / 06
Semester–III
MB-301 / Genetic Engineering and Protein engineering / Core / 04
MB-302 / Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Fermentation Technology / Core / 04
MB-303 / Omics, Inter Phase Microbiology and Recent Advances in Microbiology / Core / 04
Elective / Any one elective paper (MBEL 13 to 17) / Elective / 02
Practical- III / Practical based on MB 301 to 303 and selected elective paper / 06
Semester– IV
MB 401 / Project Work / 18

MBEL 18 Any paper of students’ choice to develop technical skill Soft Skill 02

LIST OF ELECTIVE PAPER
MB EL- 01 / Advanced Bioinformatics
MB EL-02 / Microbial Genomics and Proteomics
MB EL-03 / Nanotechnology and Systems Biology
MB EL-04 / Environmentally Sound Technologies (EST)
MB EL-05 / Entrepreneurship and Management for Microbiology Based Industry
MB EL-06 / Microbiology of Extreme Environment
MB EL-07 / Quality Control , Assurance and Total Quality Management
MB EL-08 / Microbial Physiology and Biochemistry
MB EL-09 / Medical Microbiology and Immunology
MB EL-10 / Agriculture Microbiology
MB EL-11 / Food and Dairy Microbiology
MB EL-12 / Soil and Water Microbiology
MB EL-13 / Enzyme Technology
MB EL-14 / Drug Discovery and Clinical Research
MB EL-15 / Microbial Production of Recombinant Molecules
MB EL-16 / Microbial Ecology
MB EL-17 / Contemporary Microbiology
MB EL-18 / Soft skill

Course wise distribution of contact hours, credits and examination scheme for CBCS system

  • Per unit 15 hours equivalent to 1 credit per course for theory teaching.
  • Total credits per course will be 4 equivalent to 60 hrs of direct theory teaching.
  • For practical 2 credits per course equivalent to 4 hrs. per week, per course. (Total 6credits).
  • For elective paper 2 credits are allotted equivalent to 2 hrs. of counseling per week.

(Including practical if any)

  • For soft skill paper 2 credits are allotted equivalent to 2 hrs of counseling per week.
  • Electives

The elective course shall be offered to the students as per their choice from the list of courses provided with the curriculum. The total credits shall be 2 for each elective course including practical if any but there shall be no practical examination in the university term end examination. There shall be 2 hrs of contact teaching per week for each elective course. The question paper for end semester exam shall be of 50 marks.

  • Evaluation and Examination :
  • There shall be University examination for every core and elective course at the end of each semester.
  • Thereshall be continuous evaluation of every student for 30% of internal weightage during the semester as shown below :
  • Internal Assessment :

Marks for internal assessment only for core theory papers shall be awarded on the basis of attendance/regularity/punctuality, seminars, Poster presentations, viva-voce, field work/library work/academic tour, MCQ’s tests, quiz competitions, assignments etc. as determined by the Board of Studies in the respective subject. The internal assessment marks shall be notified on the department/college notice board for information of the students and it shall be communicated to the Registrar (Evaluation) before the commencement of the University examinations.

Any six head from the followings should be selected each of 5 marks in each theory paper for internal assessment. Following five activities are compulsory during each semester for internal continuous evaluation.

  1. Attendance
  2. Assignment /Class seminar
  3. Individual viva voce/Group discussion

4. Internal MCQ based test

5. Internal practical test/Field work

The above five activities are to be compulsorily carried out for each semester, while out of the following three activities are to be carried out during the first three semesters respectively:

Semester I : Industrial / Educational tour

Semester II : Seminar / Conference presentation

Semester III: Review writing

Course contents : Each Core Course shall be divided in to FOUR units. The question paper for end semester examination comprises two sections of 35 marks each. One question is to be asked from each unit. There shall be equal weightage to each unit. Question paper shall consist 20% objective type question (MCQ/fill in the blanks/Answer in one word or one sentence) from all the units of the section. Each section is to be written in separate answer sheet.

TheElective Courseshall be divided into two units. The question paper for end semester examination shall be of 50 marks & will have two sections of 25 marks each. Each section of question paper will have two questions of 10 marks each. 20% objective question shall be asked in each section. Section-I of the question paper is to be drawn from unit-I and section -II is to be drawn from unit-2. Objective questions shall be asked from respective section. Moreover, there shall at least one practical test of elective paper be conducted wherever applicable. The weightage should be given in the end semester practical examination along with the core theory paper. Out of 10 marks the internal marks should be put in the end semester practical examination.

  • Question Paper

(a)Question paper shall consist of 2 sections.

(b)Section-I covers first 2 units of the course.

(c)Section –II covers remaining 2 units of the course.

(d)Both sections of question paper comprises two questions with internal option of 14 marks each from each unit.

(e)Third question shall be objective type of (07) marks which will cover both units.

(f)Same way Section-II is to be drawn.

  • Practical

For practical, total weightage shall be 50 marks per course i.e. total of 150 marks

for 3 core courses.

The question paper will be as per the submitted format.

  • Distribution of Marks for End Semester Examination :

300 Theory –Three core courses (70 + 30 =100 for each course)

50 Theory elective course

150 Practical(All core courses)

------

Total Marks : 500

Semester –IV Project Work

Students have to take up a small research project under the supervision of a teacher from the department or may carry the work in an industry / NGO / private laboratory with required facility/other university or institution. If a student is doing project out side the university then the chemicals to carry out experiment shall be replaced to the institute where he/she carry out the experimental work. All other arrangements are to be made by the student. Student has to submit the dissertation before the last date for the submission as declared by the university.

Dissertation Thesis : 250 marks

Presentation : 100 marks

Related Viva : 50 marks

Total (a) :400 marks

General viva : 50 marks

(all semesters)

Regularly :_50 marks

Total (b) : 100 marks

Grand Total (a+b) : 500 marks

There shall be an examination for the soft skill paper at the end of the semester. The total marks for the paper shall be 50.
MB-101 Cell Biology and Genetics 4 Credits

Section - I

Unit 1Cell Biology - I 15 hours

1.1.The Origin and evolution of cell, cell theory, Cell as experimental model

1.2.Ultra-structure and function of Bacteria : Bacterial Nucleoids, Nucleosomes, Mitochondria, Microbial Cell Surfaces, Cytoplasmic Membranes, Capsules, Organs of Locomotion , Pili or Fimbriae

1.3.Major structural and functional features of eukaryotic cell: Cell membrane and transport across the cell membrane, Plasma membrane , Cell wall, Extracellular matrix and cell interaction, Nucleus, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, Lysosome, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Peroxisome, Plastids, Vacuoles, Cyto skeleton and Cell movement,

1.4.Cell singling : Singling at cell surface, Singling pathway

Unit 2Cell Biology – II 15 hours

2.1.Cell death and Cell renewal : Programmed cell death, Stem cell and maintenance of adult tissue, Embryonic stem cell and therapeutic cloning

2.2.Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell division and cell cycle

2.3.Host Parasite Relationship : Structures and Functions involved in Host–Parasite interaction,pathogenesis of viral diseases, pathogenesis of bacterial diseases, Microbial mechanism for escaping host defense by bacteria or pathogens

2.4.Cancer : the development and cause of cancer, Tumor viruses, Onco genes, Tumor suppressor genes, Molecular approach to cancer treatment

Section - II

Unit - 3Genetics - I 15 hours

3.1.The organization and sequence of cellular Genomes

3.2.Mendel’s Principles, Concept of gene, Extensions and Modifications of Basic Principles, Sex Determination and Sex-Linked Characteristics

3.3.Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes, Prokaryotes and Bacterial viruses

3.4.DNA replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; DNA amplification and rearrangement

Unit - 4Genetics – II 15 hours

4.1.Gene transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; post transcriptional modification

4.2.Translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; post translational modifications; protein processing

4.3.Gene Expression control in Eukaryotes

4.4.Population and Evolutionary Genetics, Pedigree Analysis and Applications, Chromosome Variation

List of Experiments

  1. Simple staining and Negative staining,
  2. Gram’s staining and Acid fast staining
  3. Special staining : Cell wall staining, Capsule staining, Spore staining, Flagella staining, Metachromatic granule staining, Nucleus staining
  4. Polytene chromosome
  5. Mitosis and Meiosis
  6. Study of plant cell and animal cell
  7. Demonstration of Bar body and drum stick
  8. Isolation of mitochondria
  9. Isolation of chloroplast
  10. Isolation of DNA from plant animal and microbial cell
  11. Enzyme Induction
  12. Determination of G+C ratio

List of Reference Books

  1. Alexoplous, Introductory mycology
  2. Biswas, Viruses
  3. Dubey,Introduction to Fungi
  4. Flint,Virology
  5. Luria,Virology
  6. Prescott,Microbiology
  7. R. M. Atlas, Principles of Microbiology
  8. Tortora,Microbiology
  9. Perry,Microbial life
  10. Carter, Virology Principle and application

MB-102 Diversity of Life forms and Applied Microbiology 4 Credits

Section - I

Unit - 1Concept of Biodiversity 15 hours

1.1.Biodiversity Basics; Biodiversity: Origin, speciation and extinction and ecological role of biodiversity; Types of biodiversity: alpha, beta, and gamma diversity

1.2.Techniques for molecular identification: Morphological methods, Biochemical, serological, Molecular methods, Fatty acid profiling, metabolic fingerprinting ( Biolog ), DGGE and TGGE

1.3.Taxonomy methods: Taxonomy and classification: Taxonomic Hierarchies; Classical approach to classification; Numerical taxonomy; Molecular taxonomy; modern methods of taxonomy and systematic.

1.4.Overview of plant and Animal biodiversity: Taxonomic criteria of classification; Classification system; Distinguishing and significant characteristics of representative group

Unit - 2Eukaryotic Microorganism and Archaebacteria 15 hours

2.1.Mycology : Taxonomic criteria of fungal classification; Distinguishing and significant characteristics of Mastigomycotina, Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina, Zygomycotina and Deuteromycotina; Fungal growth and differentiation;

2.2.Protozoa: Structure, classification, reproductive strategies and economic importance; Algae : structure, classification, reproductive strategies and economic importance; algal ecology ; lichens

2.3.Archaebacteria : Phenotypes of Archea : Methanogenic bacteria, extremophiles : thermophilic, halophilic bacteria; Cell structure & composition; Eco-physiology; Taxonomy & nomenclature; Salient features of representative group

2.4.Virology : Structure, classification, cultivation and economic importance of plant viruses and animal viruses; Structure, classification, cultivation and economic importance of Bacteriophage; Viroids; Prions

Section –II

Unit - 3Prokaryotic Microorganismsand Viruses 15 hours

3.1.Microbial taxonomy : Microbial evolution and diversity, Taxonomic ranks, Classification system, Major characteristics used in taxonomy, Assessing Microbial Phylogeny, The Major Divisions of Life, Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, A Survey of Procaryotic Phylogeny and Diversity

3.2.Overview of the Deinococci and Nonproteobacteria Gram Negatives

3.3.Overview Proteobacteria

3.4.Overview of The Low G+C and High G+C Gram Positives bacteria

Unit - 4Applied Microbiology 15 hours

4.1.Application of Microbiology and Role of Microbiologist in Dairy and Food industry

4.2.Application of Microbiology and Role of Microbiologist in Clinical and Diagnostic field

4.3.Application of Microbiology and Role of Microbiologist in Agriculture

4.4.Application of Microbiology and Role of Microbiologist in Environment science

List of Experiments

  1. Isolation and identification of bacteria belonging to Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillaceae, PseudomonadaceaeAzotobactereceaefamily
  2. Isolation and identification of industrially important molds and fungi.
  3. Isolation of actinomyctes
  4. Isolation of bacteriophage
  5. Screening of Extremophiles (Acidophiles / Alkaliphiles / Halophiles/ Psychrophiles / Thermophiles)
  6. Study of Protozoan and algal permanent slide
  7. Growth curve of E. coli and determination of growth rate and generation time, Effect of pH, temperature, salt and glucose on growth
  8. Identification of Microorganism with 16S rRNA homology technique
  9. Microbiological analysis of clinical sample
  10. Identification of bacteria by rapid kit
  11. Microbiological examination of food
  12. Microbiological examination of water
  13. Microbiological analysis of Air
  14. Microbiological analysis of Milk

List of Reference Books

  1. Pollard, Cell Biology.
  2. Alberts,Molecular Biology of Cell.
  3. Coopper, The cell.
  4. Prescott, Microbiology.
  5. Lodish, Molecular Cell Biology.
  6. Griffth, An Introduction to Genetic analysis.
  7. Moat, Microbial Physiology.
  8. David White, The Physiology and Biochemistry of Prokaryotes
  9. Pierce Genetics A Conceptual Approach.
  10. Benjamin,Gene VIII.
  11. Syndeer and Champness. Molecular genetics of bacteria
  12. Nancy, Fundamental Bacterial Genetics
  13. Tamarin, Principles of Genetics.
  14. J. D. Watson, Molecular Biology of the Genes.
  15. Prescott, Microbiology
  16. Griffith, Genetic Analysis

MB-103 Biochemistry and Analytical Techniques 4 Credits

Section - I

Unit - 1Biochemistry - I 15 hours

1.1.Basics of Chemistry for biologist

1.2.Protein Structure and Function : Amino Acids,Structure of Proteins, enzyme

1.3.Intermediary Metabolism: Bioenergetics and Oxidative Phosphorylation, Introduction to Carbohydrates, Glycolysis, TCA Cycle, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, Metabolism of Monosaccharides and Disaccharides, PPP Pathway and NADPH, Glycosaminoglycans and Glycoproteins

1.4.Lipid Metabolism: Metabolism of Dietary Lipids, Fatty Acid and Triacylglycerol Metabolism, Complex Lipid Metabolism, Cholesterol and Steroid Metabolism

Unit - 2 Biochemistry - II 15 hours

2.1.Nitrogen Metabolism: Amino Acids: Disposal of Nitrogen, Amino Acid Degradation and Synthesis, : Conversion of Amino Acids to Specialized Products,

2.2.Integration of Metabolism : Metabolic Effects of Insulin and Glucagon, The Feed/Fast Cycle, Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Nutrition, Vitamins

2.3.Nucleotide metabolism:Characteristics and types of Nucleic acids, Biosynthesis and catabolism of purines and pyrimidines,

2.4.Molecular biology techniques: Principle and technique of nucleic acid hybridization and cot curve; sequencing of proteins and nucleic acids; Southern , Northern and South-Western blotting techniques; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Methods for measuring nucleic acid and protein interactions

Section - II

Unit - 3Analytical Technique - I 15 hours

3.1.Electrochemistry: pH and buffers, Potentiometric and Conductometric titration, Agarose electrophoresis, Native PAGE, SDS PAGE, isoelectric focusing (IEF), two dimensional gel electrophoresis, gels

3.2.Purification and Identification of Bio molecules : Introduction to Chromatography, Column Chromatography, Ion-Exchange Chromatography, Gel Exclusion Chromatography, Affinity Chromatography and Immunoadsorption, Perfusion Chromatography, GC. HPLC, FPLC.

3.3.Histochemical and immunotechniques: Antibody generation, detection of molecules using ELISA, RIA, western blot, immunoprecipitation, flowcytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy, detection of molecules in living cells, in situ localization by techniques such as FISH and GISH.

3.4.Radiolabeling techniques: Properties of different types of radioisotopes normally used in biology, their detection and measurement,Autoradiography

Unit - 4 Analytical Technique –II 15 hours

4.1.Biophysical methods: Analysis of biomolecules using UV/visible, IR, Fluorescence, CD, ESR spectroscopy, structure determination using X-ray diffraction and NMR; analysis using light scattering, different types of mass spectrometry and surface plasma resonance methods, MALDI TOF, Atomic spectroscopy

4.2.Microscopic techniques: Light, Phase Contrast, Fuorescence, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy and other Advanced Microscopy

4.3.Electrophysiological methods: Single neuron recording, patch-clamp recording, ECG, Brain activity recording, lesion and stimulation of brain, pharmacological testing, PET, MRI, fMRI, CAT.

4.4.Centrifugation technique, Biosensors

List of Experiments

  1. Estimation of carbohydrates ( Coles, DNS and Anthron method)
  2. Estimation proteins ( Folin, Bradford and Biurates)
  3. Estimation of lipid
  4. Estimation of inorganic phosphorus
  5. Estimation of inorganic nitrogen
  6. Determination of Km and V max for Enzyme
  7. Enzyme inhibition study
  8. Agarose gel electrophoresis for DNA
  9. SDS PAGE analysis for Protein
  10. 2D gel electrophoresis technique ( Demonstration)
  11. Determination of pK value
  12. Separation of amino acid by paper chromatography
  13. Separation of sugars/ fatty acid by thin layer chromatography
  14. Determination of molecular weight of protein by Column chromatography

List of Reference Books

  1. Lehninger,Principles of Biochemistry .
  2. Lippincotts, Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry
  3. David Holme, Analytical Biochemistry
  4. Rodney Boyer,Modern Experimental Biochemistry
  5. Hames and Hooper, Instant Notes in Biochemistry
  6. Wilson and Walker, Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  7. Debnath, Tools And Techniques Of Biotechnology
  8. Voet and Voet, Bichemistery

MB201 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria and Bacteriophages 4 Credits

Section - I

Unit - 1 DNA Damage, Repair, Recombination and Gene Regulation 15 hours

1.1.Mutations and Mutagenesis: Biochemical Basis of Mutation, Spontaneous Mutation, Fluctuation Test, Useful Phenotypes in bacterial genetics, Mutation Rate, Expression and Selection of Mutant Cell, Types of Mutation, Mutagens, Reversion and suppression of mutation

1.2.DNA Repair Evidences of DNA Repair, Specific repair pathway, General repair mechanisms, Repair pathway in E.coli, Bacteria phage repair pathway

1.3.Recombination: Overview of recombination, Molecular Model Recombination, Molecular basis for recombination in E.coli, Phage recombination , illegimate recombination, Genetic and Functional Analysis of Recombination

1.4.Regulation of gene expression: Overview of gene regulation, Transcriptional regulation in bacteria, Negative regulation, Positive regulation, Regulation by attenuation, Feedback inhibition, Translational control.

Unit-2Plasmid, Transposition and Conjugation 15 hours

2.1.Plasmid Molecular Biology:What is plasmid, Types and properties of plasmid: Replication, Control of Copy Number, Partitioning, Incompatibility, Maintaining Plasmid belonging to the same incompatibility group. Conjugal Functions, Pilus Production, Transfer DNA Replication

2.2.Properties of Particular Plasmids :Major Chromosome-Mobilizing other than F, Bacteriocins, Resistance Plasmids, Agrobacatrium plasmid Ti, Broad Host Range Plasmids

2.3.Conjugation: Discovery of Conjugation, Mechanism of DNA transfer during conjugation in Gram Negative Bacteria, Chromosome transfer by Plasmid, Genetic mapping with Hfr crosses, Chromosome mobilization, Prime factors, Transfer systems of gram Positive bacteria.

2.4.Transposition and site specific recombination : Insertion sequences, Detection of transposition in bacteria, Types of bacterial Transposon, Transposition, Transposon Mutagenesis, Site specific recombination, Phage Mu

Section - II

Unit-3Bacteriophage Genetics and Transformation 15 hours

3.1.Genetics of intemperate bacteriophages:T4 Bacteriophage as a Model Genetic System,Morphology and Composition, Experimental Methods Used to Study Phage Infection, Genetic Organization of T4, DNA Replication, Molecular Biology of T4 Phage Infection, Morphogenesis and Maturation;Properties of some other common intemperate bacteriophages.