Unit 2 Test Review

Multiple Choice

  1. Ecozones

List the 4 components that make up an ecozone.

  • landform
  • climate
  • vegetation
  • soil
  1. Rock Cycle- explain how each type of rock is formed
  2. Igneous- cooling and hardening of hot liquid rock/lava
  1. Metamorphic-formed when rocks are exposed to extreme heat and/or pressure
  1. Sedimentary-formed when sediments are pressed and cemented together
  1. Continental Drift
  2. Name of the supercontinent formed over 200 million years ago- Pangea
  3. List the 4 pieces of proof that Wegener had that supported his Continental Drift Theory

a)Jigsaw Effect- continents fit together like a jig saw puzzle

b)Fossils– fossils of the same species are found on 2 separate continents

c)Geologic Evidence-mountains of the same age and structure on both sides of the Atlantic

d)Ice Sheets- there is evidence of ice sheets in areas that are too hot to have ice today

  1. Layers on the Earth
  2. For each layer of earth, state the size and composition

Layer / Size / Composition
Crust / Very thin- 1% of earth / Tectonic plates
Mantle / Largest- 2850km thick / 2 regions- upper and lower
Inner Core / 2nd largest- 2270km thick / Liquid iron and nickel
Outer Core / 3rd largest-1216 km thick / Solid metal
  1. Mountain Formation
  2. Match the type of mountain formation with its description

_B_ FoldingA. Happens when lava is added to the earth’s surface and then cools

_C_ FaultingB. Happens when layers of rock are squeezed together and bend

_A_ VolcanismC. Happens when the crust cracks where the two plates meet

  1. Landform Regions
  2. Describe how each of the 7 landform regions are formed

Landform / Formation
Great Lakes- St. Lawrence Lowlands / -sediments from the eroded Canadian Shield built up under an ancient sea and formed new land
Canadian Shield / -Volcanic eruptions over 3 billion years ago
Interior Plains / -sediments settled at the bottom of an inland sea and when the sea disappeared, it left a very flat and nutrient rich soil
Western Cordillera / -combination of plate movement and volcanic eruptions formed the mountains and interior plateau
Innuitions / -folded sedimentary rock from the ocean floor
Arctic- Hudson Bay Lowlands / -sedimentary rock left from erosion and glacier scraping
Appalachians / -plate movement- folded rock from ocean floor and mountain tops eroded to make flattened tops
  1. Moisture in Soil
  2. Describe the difference between Leaching and Calicification

-Leaching is when there is too much water in the soil and the nutrients and minerals are pushed downward and Calcification is when there is too little moisture in the soil and water is pulled upward toward plant roots. Calcification leave a toxic amount of minerals in the soil

  1. Vegetation Regions
  2. Describe the type of vegetation found in each Vegetation region

Region / Types of Vegetation
Tundra / -shrubs, mosses, lichens, small flowers
Parkland / -long grass and clumps of trees
Grassland / -grass, sagebrush and cactus, grains, oil seeds
Boreal Forest / -coniferous trees and hearty deciduous
Mixed Forest / -Coniferous and Deciduous trees, small shrubs
Broad Leaf Forest / -Deciduous trees
West Coast Forest / -temperate rain forest
Cordilleran / -coniferous trees on lower slopes, flowers and shrubs in Tundra areas and higher slopes, grasses in dry valleys

Matching

Match the Climate factor to the description of how it affects climate.

_C_ LatitudeA. The higher up you go, it gets colder and drier it gets.

_E_ Ocean CurrentsB. Large bodies of water make the temperature range quite small.

_F_ WindC. The closer to the poles you get, the colder it gets.

_A_ ElevationD. Leeward side of mountains are cooler than the windward side.

_D_ ReliefE. Warm currents create a warmer climate.

_B_ Near WaterF. When warmer, it holds more moisture making climate more humid

Labelling

Label

Label the Typical Soil Profile. Label both the Horizon and the typeofsoil in that Horizon.

Horizon O- Leaf Litter and Orgainic Material

Horizon A- Top Soil

Horizon B- Sub Soil

Horizon C- Parent Material and Bedrock

Short Answer

  1. Describe the difference between climate and weather.

Climate is a long term trend where weather is what happens in the atmosphere from day to day

  1. List the 4 components of soil

-Moisture, Organic and Bacterial Material, Minerals, Air

  1. Describe the temperature and precipitation of climate regions

Arctic

Temperature

Summers- cool

Winters- cold

Precipitation- very litte/dry

West Coast

Temperature

Summers- cool

Winters- mild

Precipitation- very wet

Southeastern

Temperature

Summers- hot

Winters- cool

Precipitation- moderate

Mountain

Temperature- varies- depends on elevation

Summers

Winters

Precipitation-varies- depends on elelvation and side of the mountain

Boreal

Temperature- varies-depends on latitude

Summers-warm

Winters- cold

Precipitation- generally low

Prairie

Temperature

Summers-hot

Winters-cold

Precipitatiom- dry

  1. You will choose one of the following topics and write a paragraph to answer the question. This question will be out of 7, so make sure your answer has sufficient amount of information to support this .
  2. Explain how the landform, climate and vegetation of an ecozone is connected to it’s GDP.
  3. Describe why it is difficult for a person to describe the climate of Canada.
  4. Explain how humans can affect the soil in an area.
  5. Explain the difference between the three types of precipitation- relief, convection and cyclonic.
  6. Look at the climate graph for Vancouver, using LOWERN, explain why this city has a moderate temperature range and high precipitation