Level 3 Certificate in Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology for Complementary Therapies (ABC)

Aromalyne Training

Level 3 diploma in Aromatherapy

Module 19

knowledge of anatomy, physiology & Pathology for complementary therapies

THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Module 12

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK

Name: …………………………………………………………

Location

Use the diagram in your workbook to help you label the missing structures:

Prostate GlandVas DeferensUrethra

TestesPenis

EpididymisScrotum

1.6.

2.7.

3.8.

4.9.

What are the functions of the following organs?

Organ / Function
Prostate Gland
Testes
Epididymis
Vas Deferens
Penis
Scrotum
Urethra

Structure

In your own words describe the structure of the prostate gland:

List the names of the three layers of tissue that make up the testes:

Which organ produces sperm? ………………………………………………………

Where is semen stored? ……………………………………………………………...

Describe the structure of the epididymis: ………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Describe the structure of the vas deferens: …………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Name the three important parts that make up the penis:

The scrotum is a bag and is divided internally into two sacs. What does each sac contain?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Describe the structure of the scrotum: ………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

In your own words, describe how the scrotum keeps the testes at the correct temperature:

What three parts make up the urethra?

How many urethral sphincters does the urethra have? …………………………..

What type of muscle fibre are the sphincters made of?

Internal Sphincter
External Sphincter

Location

Use the diagram in your workbook to help you label the missing structures:

OvaryFallopian TubeVagina

UterusCervix

What are the functions of the following organs?

Organ / Function
Ovaries
Uterus
Fallopian Tubes
Cervix
Vagina
Labia
Breasts

Structure

The ovaries consist of two layers of tissue. Name them and describe their structure:

Tissue / Structure

List the names of the three layers of tissue that make up the uterus:

What is the name of the lining of the uterus? ……………………………………………

Describe the structure of the fallopian tubes: ……………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

The cervix is lined with mucous-secreting cells. What is the function of this mucous?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

How does reproductive cell division occur? ……………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………...

The walls of the vagina are composed of three layers. Describe the structure of these layers:

Layer / Structure
Outer Adventitia
Intermediate Muscularis
Inner Mucosa

The vulva is composed of four parts. Complete the following table:

Function / Structure
Mons pubis
Labia majora
Labia minora
Clitoris

Name the three types of tissue that make up the Mammary Glands (Breasts):

Name the hormone that stimulates lactation: …………………………………………

Complete the following passage:

Reproductive cell division occurs through a process called ………………………… .

Every month an ovary releases an ……………………………. . It passes along the

fallopian tube towards the womb. If sexual intercourse takes place just before or at

the time when an egg is released and sperm cells also travel up the tube – this is

where …………………………………….. takes place.

Fertilisation takes place when a male and female ………………………………….

unite and fuse. A male gamete is a ………………………………….. and a female

gamete is an …………………………… . A new cell or ………………………….

is formed. The zygote divides by a process called …………………………………….

and develops into a new organism. After fertilization, the single cell splits many

times until it becomes a …………………………………… . Meanwhile, the uterus

forms a spongy lining into which the …………………………… will embed itself.

It is covered over by the womb lining. …………………………………….. and

……………………………………………….. are the hormones that prepare the lining

of the uterus to receive the fertilised egg.

Give some bullet point observations on the physical/physiological changes that happen in the female during pregnancy:

Here are the main stages of foetal development. Place the correct month of development next to the appropriate description:

Description / Month
Zygote implants itself in the lining of the uterus, rapid cell division occurs and the nervous system begins to develop.
Ears and nose start to develop, fine lanugo hair appears on the surface of the skin and the heart beat can be heard.
Taste buds develop on the tongue, fingernails and toenails appear and the eyes are directed forwards.
The sex organs of the foetus can be recognised and weak, irregular sucking and breathing movements are managed.
Arms and legs grow, heart vessels form, heart beat is very faint and the internal organs, especially the digestive system, start to develop.
The major event is continued growth, a layer of fat is deposited under the skin, lanugo hair is shed and all organ systems undergo functional maturation. The foetus settles into the birth position.
Rapid growth occurs with the foetus doubling in weight. If born now the foetus would be premature but would attempt to breathe.

In your own words, explain what causes the menopause in females:

In your own words, explain what causes the menopause in males:

List some of the physical changes that occur during puberty:

Girls / Boys

List the stages of the menstrual cycle and give a short description of what happens in each stage:

Stage / Description