Electronic Supplementary Material

sediments, sec 1 • sediment quality and impact assessment • research article

Application of ionic liquids for the extraction and passive sampling of endocrine disrupting chemicals from sediments

Lei Wang • Hongwen Sun • Guohua Zhang • Shujuan Sun • Xinmei Fu

Received: 20 March 2012 / Accepted: 18 November 2012

© Springer-Verlag 2012

Responsible editor: Jay Gan

L. Wang () • H. W. Sun • G. H. Zhang

Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control / College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China

e-mail:

S. J. Sun

College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China

X. M. Fu

College of Environmental Engineering and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

() Corresponding author:

Lei Wang

e-mail:

Pre-treatment method for EDCs in pore water of sediment

Waters Oasis® HLB cartridge (3cc, Waters Company, USA) was used for solid-phase extraction (SPE).Conditions of SPE were as follows: washed and activated with 2.0 mLof acetonitrile, and then equilibrated with 1.0 mLof Milli-Q water. Porewater samples (100 mL) were loaded through the cartridge at a flow rate about 1 ml min−1, and then cartridges were cleaned up with 1.0 mL of methanol/water mixture (5/95, v/v) and dried under a gentle N2.Finally target analytes were eluted with 2.0 mL of acetonitrile,and concentrated to 0.5 mL before HPLC analysis,

Fig.S1 Design of IL-PE unit and polymethylmethacrylate frame of passive sampler

IL-PE unit polymethylmethacrylate frame

Fig.S2 Effects of solution pH on EDCs extraction efficiencies by [BMIm]BF4 solution from different sediments (IL concentration= 1.06 mol/L)


Fig.S3 Chromatograms of EDCs standards by fluorescence detector (a) and [HDMIm]PF6 by UV detector (b)

Table S1 Organic carbon content and concentrations of target EDCs (BPA, E2, NP) in different DDC sediments

DDC sediment / foca(%) / CS_BPAb (102ng/kg) / CS_E2b(102ng/kg) / CS_NPb(ng/kg)
1# / 2.23 / 2.55 / 1.42 / NDc
2# / 3.27 / 3.53 / 11.89 / ND
3# / 5.09 / 23.82 / 22.52 / ND
4# / 5.46 / 595.93 / 31.46 / 8.77

afoc of sediment was measured by Walkley-Black method (Walkley and Black 1934)

bEDCs in DDC sediments were extracted by Soxhlet method as follows before HPLC analysis:

Five gram of dry sediments was Soxhlet-extracted with 100 mLof DCM at 55°C for 24 h. The obtained extracts were concentrated to about 1 mL at 0.08 MPa, 40°C in water bath by a rotary evaporator. Extracts were purified by passing through a glass clean-up column (25 × 1.0 cm i.d.) containing 5 g of hexane-rinsed Florisil and 1 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate. The column was washed with 50 mL hexane, eluted with 80 mL of ethyl ether and hexane (1:9, v/v). Elute was concentrated to almost dryness under a gentle N2 stream, and 0.5 mL of methanol was added to re-dissolve the residue;

cND= not detected.

Table S2 Source of some properties of target analytes

WS 1 / pKa 1 / logKow 1 / MS 1
Analyte / Value / reference / Value / reference / Value / reference / Value / reference
BPA / 120 / Howard, 1989 / 9.28 / Yamamoto & Liljestrand, 2004 / 3.3 / Howard, 1989 / Width X: 0.94
Width Y: 0.53
Width Z: 0.43 / Bautista-Toledo et al., 2005
E2 / 3.85 / Yalkowsky 1999 / 10.23 / Yamamoto et al., 2003 / 3.67 / Hansch et al., 1995 / N/A
NP / 1.66 / AhelGiger, 1993 / 10.25 / Yamamoto et al., 2003 / 4.5 / AhelGiger, 1993 / Width X: 1.7h
Width Y: 0.7
Width Z: 0.3 / Ide et al., 1934

Note: MW=Molecular Weight; WS= Water Solubility (mg/L); MS= Molecular Size (nm); N/A=not available

Reference list

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Walkley A, Black I (1934)An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the organic acid tritation method. Soil Sci37:29-38

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