KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL REFORMS PROJECT (KMRP)
BANGALORE DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for
Bangalore Mahanagara Palike Roads
For
BANGALORE MAHANAGARA PALIKE
NR Square
BANGALORE – 500 002
Final Report
June 2004
Samaj Vikas Development Support Organisation
307, SriLaxmiPlaza, Jafar Ali Bagh, Somajiguda, Hyderabad - 500082
1Introduction
1.1Background
A.Institutional Development & Technical Assistance (TA) Component (Reforms):
B.Investment Support Component (Investment)
C.Bangalore Development Component (Investment)
D.Project Management Support to KUIDFC (Reforms)
1.2Proposed Sub-Project
1.3Objectives and Scope of Sub-Project
1.4Environmental Assessment
1.5Sub-Project Clearance Requirements
1.6Purpose of the EMP
2Impacts Summary
2.1Introduction
2.2Physical Resources
2.3Water Resources
2.3.1Surface water resources
2.3.2Ground Water Resources
2.4Air Quality
2.5Noise Levels......
2.6Biological Environment
2.7Social
2.7.1Resettlement and Rehabilitation
2.7.2Cultural Properties
3Mitigation Measures
3.1Introduction
3.2Pre-construction stage
3.3Construction stage
3.4Operation Stage
3.5Other Activities of the PIU
3.6Table of Mitigation Measures
4Monitoring
4.1Introduction
4.2Performance Indicators
4.3Monitoring Plans
4.4Reporting System
5Implementation Arrangements
5.1Introduction
5.2Orientation of members of the environmental cell
5.3Integration of EMP with project
6Budgetary Provisions
6.1Introduction
7Annexures
7.1Details of Region wise Proposed Roads
7.2Table of mitigation measures
7.3Noise Sensitive Areas
7.4Sample Reporting Format
7.5Strip Maps
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
BMP / Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (Bangalore City Corporation)DMA / Department of Municipal Administration
DPR / Detailed Project Report
DTP / Department of Town Planning
EIA / Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP / Environmental Management Plan
GBWASP / Greater Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Project
GoK / Government of Karnataka
KMRP / Karnataka Municipal Reform Project
KUIDFC / Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation
GUIS / General Urban Infrastructure Support
PDAF / Project Development Assistance Facility
PHIS / Public Health Infrastructure Support
PIU / Project Implementation Unit
R & R / Resettlement and Rehabilitation
RAP / Resettlement Action Plan
SA / Social Assessment
SEMF / Social and Environmental Management Framework
SEMU / Social and Environmental Management Unit
SMP / Social Management Plan
TA / Technical Assistance
TNA / Training Needs Assessment
TFA / Training Feedback Assessment
UDD / Urban Development Department
WB / World Bank
Karnataka Municipal Reforms Project (The World Bank Assisted)
Environmental Management Plan for Rehabilitation of Roads under Bangalore Mahanagara Palike
1Introduction
1.1Background
The Government of Karnataka (GoK) is undertaking Karnataka Municipal Reforms Project (KMRP) with the World Bank (WB) loan assistance. The project is implemented by the Urban Development Department through Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC). The project components are grouped under four categories – two reforms and two investment components:
A.Institutional Development & Technical Assistance (TA) Component (Reforms):
This component consists of the following TA studies.
B.Investment Support Component (Investment)
This component consists of General Urban Investment Component and Public Health Investment Support.
C.Bangalore Development Component (Investment)
C1. CapacityBuildingSupport
C2. Investment Component: This include support to Roads (improvements), Grade Separators, Footpaths and Storm Water Drainage
C3. Greater Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Project (GBWASP)
D.Project Management Support to KUIDFC (Reforms)
1.2Proposed Sub-Project
The present assignment is concerned with BangaloreDevelopment Component. The Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (BMP) has proposed 138.70 KM of roads for rehabilitation. The sub-project is named Rehabilitation of High/ Medium Density Corridors. The abstract of the roads proposed are given below in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1: Summary of Roads Proposed
S. No. / Region / Length in KM1 / EastRange / 55.45
2 / SouthRange / 53.15
3 / WestRange / 30.10
Total / 138.70
The details of the roads proposed for strengthening are given in Annexure 7.1.
The above roads are strategic city roads and include the Ring Road, National Highways, State Highways and other PWD Roads.
1.3Objectivesand Scope of Sub-Project
The objectives of the sub-project are as given below:
- Improve road safety in the city
- Improve the connectivity to the Ring Road and National Highways and State Highways
- Rehabilitate the roads requiring improvements
The scope includes the following improvements along the listed roads:
- Making the carriageway width uniform (lane multiples)
- Strengthening and reconstruction (if any) of the road and CD structures
- Improvements to road geometrics where required with in RoW
- Continuous paved footpaths
- Adequate drainage (tertiary/ shoulder)
- Provision of lighting with sensors to achieve required illumination level
- Enhancement of road safety
1.4Environmental Assessment
KUIDFC has prepared and adopteda Social and Environmental Management Framework (SEMF) for the project. A Sectoral Social and Environmental Assessment (SSEA) was conducted to analyze the wider social and environmental issues in the project. Subsequently, the environmental impacts and mitigation measures were identified for all sub-projects under KMRP. To address the Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) issues, anR&R Policy was also prepared and adopted.
The present project Rehabilitation of High/ Medium Density Corridors has been classified as Category Sc (Social) and Ec (Environmental) as per the SEMF. As this is the first year investment programme in BMP under the KMRPand this is first such sub-project of this type under KMRPan Environmental Management Plan is prepared. This opportunity has been used to test and validate the SEMF. As per this the SEMF will be revised. This report also addresses social issues and advises on the necessity of conducting a social assessment and preparation of a Resettlement Action Plan.
1.5Sub-Project Clearance Requirements
Since this is only a rehabilitation of existing roads, no clearances are required from the agencies like MoEF, PCB, etc. Theproposed roads are not going through any forest lands; hence clearance from Forest Department is not required.
Apart from the clearances for overall sub-project works, it is included in the contract documents that the contractors obtain required clearances from various agencies for operating the equipment and carrying out construction. The statutory requirements under which the contractor has to obtain clearances are listed in Annexure 1.1.
Table 1.2: Environmental clearances required during construction
S. No. / Construction Activity for which clearance required / Statutory Authority / Statute under which Clearance is required1 / Hot mix plants, Crushers and batching plants / State Pollution Control Board / Air (P&CP) Act, 1981
2 / Discharge from construction activities / State Pollution Control Board / Water (P&CP) Act, 1974
3 / Storage, handling and transport of hazardous materials / State Pollution Control Board / Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989.
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989.
4 / Disposal of bituminous wastes / State Pollution Control Board / Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
5 / Sand Mining, quarries, borrow areas and Ground water extraction / Department of Mines and Geology
1.6Purpose of the EMP
The purpose of the EMP multifold as given below:
- Facilitate remedial measures to be identified before the construction starts.
- Specify monitoring mechanisms for implementation of the remedial measures
- To cost and budget for the remedial measures which are not part of the contractors tenders
2Impacts Summary
2.1Introduction
This section describes various environmental and social impacts the sub-project might cause to the environment.
2.2Physical Resources
The proposed roads are existing roads that are internal to the city and in predominantly plain terrain and no substantial cut-and-fill operations are planned.Hence, there will be no impact on the physiography of the area.
No borrow material will be used as the proposed sub-project is only rehabilitation of the existing roads. Only existing quarries, with the requisite environmental clearances and redevelopment plans, will be used and no new quarries have been proposed.
2.3Water Resources
2.3.1Surface water resources
There are no surface water sources to be impacted due to the proposed sub-project. These roads do not cut across any water bodies. As per the present proposals of BMP, there are no bridges to be constructed.
The design stage has taken care of the drainage across the sections as part of good engineering practice. The provision of adequately sized cross drainage structures will improve drainage in the vicinity of the proposed roads.
Degradation of water quality can occur during construction stage from increased sediment load into watercourses near the construction site.
The increase in paved impervious surface is likely to cause increased surface runoff along the roadsides. The engineering design includes design of cross drainage structures, which shall take care of the extra flow.
2.3.2Ground Water Resources
There are no groundwater sources like wells and hand pumps located in the roads proposed for rehabilitation. If any new roads are added at a late stage and ground water sources like hand pumps, if found, will be relocated at suitable locations prior to start of construction in consultation with the community. Therefore, eventuallythere will not be any impactsdue to the proposed widening on ground water resources.
2.4Air Quality
Impacts on air quality during construction stage are due to operation of construction yards, material transport on trucks and fugitive emissions from the construction sites. These are not permanent in nature, but minor, temporary and mitigeatable. Mitigation measures required for avoiding the air quality impacts are presented in the Environmental Management Plan given in Annexure 7.2.
2.5Noise Levels
While keeping in mind that the roads proposed are in a busy city like Bangalore, no significant impact due to noise would be observed. Construction workers will be provided with protection equipment to guard against the noise impacts.The construction activities will be limited to certain duration of the day as agreed with the community and nearby institutions. The noise sensitive areas along the sub-project roads are to be listed in the format given under annexure 7.3. The rehabilitation of road is being taken up in phases. 20% of the roads are being made ready for tendering. The design consultants should fill this format after detailed topographic surveys. As the design of the remaining roads progress, the design consultants have to attach these details to the EMP before attaching the EMP to the tender documents.
2.6Biological Environment
There are no natural biological habitats nearby the proposed roads.No ReserveForest areas are located close to the roads proposed. BMP has not proposed any tree cutting. In exceptional cases, BMP might trim some trees, where necessary. Pruning trees is the responsibility of BMP as per the BMP act. As the roads are located with the city and only rehabilitation is proposed, there will not be any significant impacts.However, in case if tree cutting becomes a necessity either along the present 20% of the roads or along the rest, the proposed mitigation measure of planning double the number of trees at locations agreed with the Forest Department will come into effect.
2.7Social
2.7.1Resettlement and Rehabilitation
As mentioned earlier, the proposed sub-project rehabilitates the existing roads. There is no land acquisition envisaged. As per the strip maps prepared by the PIU and design consultants and investigations and field visits to these roads, there are no squatters in these portions of the roads. In addition, BMP is initiating the following to in order to make sure that there is no land acquisition and displacement of any type.
- Sub-project activities will be limited to within RoW
- Rehabilitation of the pavement would be restricted to within the existing carriage way and foot path
- Rehabilitation/Strengthening of the carriage way is limited to the existing width of carriage way. If carriage way is extended then the foot path width is reduced and vice versa. Footpath width will be increased, if the carriage way width is more than the standards, or vice versa.
- Trees will not be cut. Pruning is done where necessary. This is one of the statutory duties of BMP for safety.
- There will not be any land acquisition, as widening is not proposed.
- There are some commercial structures which are temporary and movable in nature along the pavements. These will not be disturbed.
- The commercial activities along foot paths will not be disturbed. If any movable structure like the telephone booths or Lidkar (Leather Industries Development Corporation of Karnataka) booths are to be moved during construction, they will be brought back to their original place.
The schematic stripmaps with details such as widths, structures, etc. are given in annexure 7.5. As mentioned earlier, only 20% of the roads are surveyed in detail by the design consultants. As the surveys of the remaining roads progress, the design consultants have to attach detailed maps to the EMP before attaching the EMP to the tender documents.
As there is no land acquisition or displacement of people, conducting a social assessment and thereby preparation of a Resettlement Action Plan would not be required.
2.7.2Cultural Properties
The proposed roads does not pass through any sites of religious, historical, and/or cultural significance.
3Mitigation Measures
3.1Introduction
Description of various mitigation management measures to be taken up during the project life cycle are provided in this chapter.
3.2Pre-construction stage
Prior to the contractor mobilization, the PIU will ensure that an encumbrance free RoW is handed over to enable the start of construction. The pre-construction stage involves mobilization of the contractor, the activities undertaken by the contractor pertaining to the planning of logistics and site preparation necessary for commencing construction activities. The activities include:
- Joint field verification of EMP by the Engineer and Contractor
- Modification (if any) of the contract documents by the Engineer.
- Procurement/ identification of existing construction equipment/ machinery such as crushers, hot mix plants, batching plants and other construction equipment and machinery.
- Identification and selection of material sources (quarry and borrow material, water, sand etc).
- Selection, design and layout of construction areas, hot mix and batching plants, labour camps etc
- Planning traffic diversions and detours including arrangements for temporary land acquisition.
3.3Construction stage
Construction stage is the most crucial stage in terms of activities that require careful management to avoid environmental impacts. Activities that trigger the need for environmental measures to be followed include:
- Imbibing environmental principles at all stages of construction as good engineering practices.
- Implementation of site-specific mitigation/management measures suggested
- Monitoring the quality of environment along the construction sites (as air, noise, water, soil etc).
- Monitoring of environmental conditions through approved monitoring agency
3.4Operation Stage
Operation stage actives are to be carried out by the Environmental Cell of the PIU. The activities involved are as follows;
- Monitoring of operational performance of the various mitigation measures carried out as a part of the sub-project.
3.5Other Activities of the PIU
Other than the above mentioned activities PIU has the following activities to be carried out across all stages of the sub-project.
- Orientation of Implementation agency staff towards project specific issues of EMP implementation.
- Training sessions on Social and Environmental Assessment of projects. The sessions can commence immediately after the completion of the orientation. The agency selected for carrying out the orientation will be responsible for conducting the training sessions.
- Conducting studies on issues identified during any stage of sub-project preparation/implementation for mid-course corrections and planning use.
3.6Table of Mitigation Measures
A table listing the impacts and mitigation measures for the sub-project is given in Annexure 7.2. The table also includes the project phase, where each of the mitigation measures needs to be considered and also indicates the implementation responsibility.
4Monitoring
4.1Introduction
The monitoring programme is devised to ensure that the envisaged purpose of the project is achieved and results in the desired benefit to the target population. To ensure effective implementation of the EMP, it is essential that an effective monitoring programme be designed and carried out. Broad objectives of the monitoring programme are:
- To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP
- To suggest improvements in the management plans, if required
- To satisfy the statutory and community obligations
- To provide feedback on adequacy of EMP
The monitoring programme contains monitoring plan for all performance indicators. Monitoring plan for performance indicators and reporting system is presented in the following sections.
4.2Performance Indicators
Physical, biological and environmental management components identified as of particular significance in affecting the environment have been suggested as Performance Indicators (PIs). The PIs shall be evaluated under two heads as:
(a)Environmental condition indicators to determine efficacy of environmental management measures in control of air, noise, water and soil pollution;
(b)Environmental management indicators to determine compliance with the suggested environmental management measures
The PIs and monitoring plans prepared are presented in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1: Performance Indicators and Monitoring Plans
S. No / Indicator / Details / Stage / ResponsibilityA / Environmental Condition Indicators and Monitoring Plan
1 / Air Quality / The parameters to be monitored, frequency and duration of monitoring as well as the locations to be monitored will be as per the Monitoring Plan prepared / Construction / Contractor through approved monitoring agency
2 / Water Quality / Construction / Contractor through approved monitoring agency
3 / Soil Quality / Construction / Contractor through approved monitoring agency
B / Environmental Management Indicators and Monitoring Plan
1 / Dumping Locations / Locations for dumping have to be identified and parameters indicative of environment in the area has to be reported / Construction / Contractor
2 / Construction Camps / Location of construction camps have to be identified and parameters indicative of environment in the area has to be reported / Construction / Contractor
4 / Tree Cutting / Progress of tree removal marked for cutting is to be reported / Pre-construction / Contractor/ PIU
5 / Tree Plantation / Progress of measures suggested as part of the tree plantation is to be reported / Construction / Contractor/ PIU
4.3Monitoring Plans