Key Terms 17Th and 18Th Century

Key Terms 17th and Early 18th Century

1. Roanoke

1. Virginia Company

1. Jamestown

1. “Starving Time”

1. House of Burgesses

1. Mayflower Compact

1. Powhatan Confederacy

1. Royal Colony

1. Charter Colony

1. Joint-Stock Company

1. Proprietary Colony

1. Puritans

1. Massachusetts Bay Colony

1. Great Migration

1. Plymouth Bay Colony

1. Maryland

1. Connecticut

1. Rhode Island

1. Pequot War

1. Anne Hutchinson

1. Roger Williams

1. Maryland Toleration Act
2. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
3. New Amsterdam, New York

1. New Jersey

1. Carolina

1. King Philip’s War

1. Bacon’ Rebellion

1. Pennsylvania

1. Dominion of New England

1. Glorious Revolution in England
2. Delaware

1. Georgia

1. Harvard College

1. Halfway Covenant

1. Salem witchcraft trials

1. Scotch Irish

1. Great Awakening

1. College of William and Mary

1. Peter Zenger Case

1. Stono Rebellion

1. Regulators Uprising

1. salutary neglect

1. triangular trade

1. 1585 – Lost Colony – Croatan – Sir Walter Raleigh

1. joint stock company – founded Virginia

1. 1606 – 1st British

1. 1609-1610 – Jamestown – cannibalism

1. 1619 – First legislative body in America

1. strangers/Pilgrims – majority/power from governed

1. helped Virginians, crops, Pocahontas > John Rolfe

1. colony owned by King – CT, RI, PN, MA not at Rev

1. deal w/ colony owner – “rights of all Englishmen”

1. investors sponsor colony – want profits

1. owned by one – gift from king – CT, MA, NY, NJ, PA, CL
2. purify corrupt Anglican church

1. Congregationalists – change within – Puritans

1. 1629-1642 John Winthrop – covenant w/god – “city on a hill” – no religious freedom
2. 1620 N. of Virginia – 1st religious colony – N. England
3. Lord Baltimore – religious tolerance – Catholic

1. Thomas Hooker – equality women – left Mass.

1. Roger Williams – buy land from Indians, relig. Free

1. Mass. Bay kills 400 villagers – retaliation for 9

1. challenged Church – antinomianism – faith and God’s grace – not good works
2. separate church and state, can vote if not church member
3. religious freedom
4. unified Conn. Towns – first Constitution

1. Dutch trading post taken by British invasion quick

1. king gift to friends, sold to investors

1. N. Car – old Virginians, S. Car – like sugar plant of Carib.
2. Metacomet – allied Indians – fought settlers – ended Natives on coast, united colonists – devastated towns
3. 1st Am. Rebellion - tidewater vs. backcountry – felt not protected – burned Jamestown – attacked gov.
4. William Penn – Quaker – religious freedom, nice to Indians - pacifists
5. Britain tries to stop illegal trade – rules group of colonies as one until 1692
6. overthrow James – Mass. > royal colony > all Protestants can now vote – not only Puritans
7. New Sweden

1. failed experiment for convicts – buffer zone

1. 1636 – pretty important school – Mass.

1. Puritan kids baptized automatically – even without “Grace” – but still can’t vote
2. 1692 130 “witches” jailed/executed - hysteria

1. white trash – Appalachian mountains

1. religious movement – God’s pissed – united colonies - Jonathan Edwards – Sinners Hands Angry God
2. Virginia college

1. legally made fun of governor – freedom of press

1. 1739 slave rebellion – stole weapons, killed men, freed slaves – hid Florida – led to slave codes
2. Carolina – rebelled against high taxes – more rebels

1. Britain can’t enforce Navigation Acts – America starts smuggling
2. Europe goods, African slaves, American sugar/natural resources

End of the 18th Century

1. King William’s War

1. Queen Anne’s War

1. King George’s War

1. Albany Congress

1. Albany Plan of Union

1. French and Indian War

1. George III

1. Treaty of Paris

1. Proclamation of 1763

1. Sugar and Currency Acts

1. Stamp and Quartering Acts

1. Stamp Act Congress

1. Sons of Liberty

1. Declaratory Act

1. Townshend Acts

1. Boston Massacre

1. Gaspee Incident

1. Committees of Correspondence
2. Tea Act

1. Boston Tea Party

1. Intolerable (Coercive) Acts

1. First Continental Congress

1. Second Continental Congress

1. Valley Forge

1. Franco-American Alliance

1. Thomas Paine/Common Sense
2. Declaration of Independence

1. Articles of Confederation

1. Treaty of Paris

1. Land Ordinance of 1785

1. Northwest Ordinance 1787

1. Shay’s Rebellion

1. Constitutional Convention

1. Federalist Papers

1. Judiciary Act of 1789

1. Hamilton’s report on public credit
2. Hamilton’s report on manufactures
3. First Bank of the United States
4. Bill of Rights

1. Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation
2. Citizen Genet

1. Jay’s Treaty

1. Chisholm vs. Georgia

1. Whiskey Rebellion

1. First French and Indian war

1. Second French and Indian war – gave Hudson, Nova Scotia to British
2. 3rd - Fight to retake Nova Scotia – nothing changed

1. 1754 meeting of seven colonies

1. Benjamin Franklin – failed attempt to unite colonies for defense – taxes & intercolonial govt
2. French/Indians vs. Colonists/British/Indians – drained British finances – Washington war hero
3. Colonists should pay huge debt

1. England gets Canada/east of Mississippi

1. Pontiac’s Uprising – forces Appalachian Mtns. Western boundary
2. Deter smugglers – smaller tax, but enforced – ends salutary neglect/Colonies can’t make paper money
3. Tax to raise revenue, covered all legal documents – heavily affected lawyers/house British soldiers
4. 1765 – 9 colonies meet to complain

1. protest groups – mobs harassed governors/tax collect

1. Brits “declare” they have the right to tax

1. tax on British imports, vice-admiralty courts (Brit run w/ no jury), cancelled NY legislature, search homes
2. mob rock-snowballs, March 5, 1770 killed five - propaganda
3. colonists burn Gaspee ship (chasing smugglers) shoot lieutentant – ticks off Britain
4. talked with other colonies, propaganda to colonists

1. new tea taxes, except for East India Tea Company – tea actually cheaper
2. Sons of Libery dump tea – unfair practices

1. punish Boston – can’t trade, house soldiers, control gov’t, extended Quebec land
2. boycott British goods – all colonies but Georgia, talked about which taxes they’d accept
3. met after Lexington/Concord – Washington head of Continental Army
4. Washington’s men survive cold to fight again

1. Ben Franklin convinces France to help out – eventually Britain tires of fighting
2. pamphlets convinces it makes sense to break away

1. Thomas Jefferson – list of grievances & says government should listen to people
2. 1777 1st Constitution – failure – optional taxes, no strong executive, amendments required 100% agree
3. ends war, grants territory to Mississippi

1. surveys and distributes land

1. divide territory to Miss., 60,000 minimum pop

1. poor farmers can’t pay taxes, block courthouse, fed. Gov’t takes forever to put down – shows weak
2. 1787 – 55 delegates – alter then change Constitution – New Jersey vs. Virginia Plan, 3/5 slave, bicameral
3. Madison, Hamilton, Jay – anonymous articles of why nation needs strong Constitution
4. created federal courts

1. assume state debts – Virginia annoyed – wins D.C.

1. America should be a nation of manufacturing/banking – differed from Jefferson
2. battle between Jefferson/Hamilton – strict vs. implied

1. 1st 10 amendments – needed for states to ratify

1. stay out of France’s problems/war – U.S. still weak

1. French dude comes to American and illegally tries to recruit Americans
2. discusses trade w/ Britain, doesn’t punish for attacks

1. citizens one state can sue another state

1. Penn farmers protest whiskey task, Washington sends in huge force, squashes them – president is tough

1796-1820

1. Pinckney’s Treaty

1. Washington’s Farewell Address
2. John Adams

1. XYZ Affair

1. Alien and Sedition Acts

1. Virginia and Kentucky Resolves
2. Undeclared naval warfare with France
3. Adam’s “midnight judges”

1. Tripoli War

1. Marbury vs. Madison

1. John Marshall

1. w/ Spain – Miss & Flor border – right to use New Orleans
2. warned “entangling alliances” & political parties

1. key revolutionary, Boston, kept Wash’s cabinet

1. French diplomats try to bribe US ambassadors

1. expel foreigners, jail newspapers, hurt Dem. Repub

1. Jefferson/Madison – states can ignore bad laws

1. Napoleon stealing supplies – at war w/ Europe

1. filled government positions w/ Federalists

1. Stop bribes to Barbary pirates, Jeff. Uses navy

1. Midnight judge Marbury sues – judicial review – Judiciary Act of 1789 illegal
2. Federalist – judicial review – power to Jefferson and Supreme Court (more importantly)

1830-1870

1870-1900