The early 1800s laid the foundation for a full blown, multi-pronged attack on everything Biblical.

Key Ideas – Cornerstones, Anchor Points, Define Terms:

  • 19th Century Ideas and Consequences
  • James Hutton1795, Uniformitarianism - Gradualism
  • Charles Lyell1830, Geological Evolution
  • Darwin1859, Naturalism, Biological Evolution
  • Hegel 1770 - 1831Dialectics – Contradictions Reconciled
  • Engels1848, Communist Manifesto
  • Marx1848, Communist Manifesto , 1867, Das Capital, Social Evolution
  • Tribulationpast or future, Act 14:22, Mt 24, Mk 13, Lk 21
  • Second Coming the coming of Jesus , or the removal of the Church,
    any minute or until, 2 stages or 1
  • Church/ Israel DistinctionActs 7:38 (Moses’ Church), Gal 3:16, 29
  • Daniel’s 70 WeeksCovenant with Christ or antichrist
  • Who is Left/Taken?Mt 24, Lk 21, Pr 10:30; Never be removed, Mt 13:24, 36 weeds removed first
  • The EarthAntichrist or Mr. and Mrs. Jesus Christ; Ps 24:1, 115:16, Rv 11:15
  • Three Words
  • CreationChalmers, Irving,
  • RedemptionDan 9:24-27
  • DominionGen 1:26, Mat 28:18-20
  • Acts 2:17, 34-35, 3:19-21Until
  • Ps 110:1, Mt 22:44, Mk 12:36, Lk 20:43, Ac 2:35, Hb 1:13, 10:13, 1Cor 15Make enemies footstool
  • Mt 16:18gates of hell
  • Mt 6:10, Lk 11:2as it is in Heaven so on earth

The Futuristic system of interpretation was instigated by the Council of Trent (1545–1563) as a response to the Protestant reformation. Jesuit priests, Francisco Ribera (1585) and Robert Bellarmine, over several decades, developed the proposition that everything in Revelation from chapters 4-22 was to come to pass sometime in the future, thereby removing all incriminating interpretations against the Papacy. The Historicist method of interpretation had been building for 1500 years with input, argument, and discussion from hundreds of scholars, scientists, and theologians (most of which were Catholic). The first Protestant to accept and espouse Futurism was Samuel R. Maitland (1792–1866) curate of Christ Church, Gloucester, who wrote a 72 page pamphlet in 1826 denouncing the year-day principle. Even though many defended the traditional historical positions, Futurism became more and more popular with Protestants, especially after the printing of the Scofield Bible, and then the Dake Bible. Moody Bible Institute and Dallas Theological Seminary became early adopters of this error.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 – 1831) was a Germanphilosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism. His historicist and idealist account of reality as a whole revolutionized European philosophy and was an important precursor to Continental philosophy and Marxism.

Hegel developed a comprehensive philosophical framework, or "system", to account in an integrated and developmental way for the relation of mind and nature, the subject and object of knowledge, and psychology, the state, history, art, religion and philosophy. In particular, he developed a concept of mind or spirit that manifested itself in a set of contradictions and oppositions that it ultimately integrated and united, without eliminating either pole or reducing one to the other. Examples of such contradictions include those between nature and freedom, and between immanence and transcendence.

John Nelson Darby is noted in the theological world as the ‘father of dispensationalism’, later made popular in the United States by Cyrus Scofield's ‘Scofield Reference Bible’. Charles Henry Mackintosh, 1820-1896, with his popular style spread Darby's teachings to humbler elements in society and may be regarded as the journalist of the Brethren Movement. CHM popularized Darby more than any other Brethren author.

In October 1827, he fell from a horse and was seriously injured. He later stated that it was during this time that he began to believe that the "kingdom" described in the Book of Isaiah and elsewhere in the Old Testament was entirely different from the Christian church. God has two chosen peoples: one natural – the Jews, one spiritual – the Christians.

Later influence: As there was no Christian teaching of a “rapture” before Darby began preaching about it in the 1830s, he is sometimes credited with originating, the "secret rapture" theory wherein Christ will suddenly remove His bride, the Church, from this world before the judgments of the tribulation. Dispensationalist beliefs about the fate of the Jews and the re-establishment of the Kingdom of Israel put dispensationalists at the forefront of Christian Zionism, because "God is able to graft them in again," and they believe that in His grace he will do so according to their understanding of Old Testament prophecy. They believe that, while the ways of God may change, His purposes to bless Israel will never be forgotten, just as He has shown unmerited favor to the Church; He will do so to a remnant of Israel to fulfill all the promises made to the genetic seed of Abraham.

However, they don’t know that allof God’s promises have already been fulfilled in Jesus Christ!

Dispensational Ages:

Innocence

Conscience

Government

Patriarchal

Law, Mosaic

Grace, Church

Kingdom

Church Ages:

Dates of the 7 church ages: This is only one example among many church-age schemes.

1.) Ephesus--the day of Pentecost to 161 A.D.

2.) Smyrna--161 A.D. to 313 A.D. Constantine's edict of toleration.

3.) Pergamos--313 A.D. to 606 A.D. Beginning of the rule of the Catholic church.

4.) Thyatira--606 A.D. to 1517 A.D. at the beginning of the Reformation.

5.) Sardis--1517 A.D. to 1900 A.D. the outpouring of the Holy Spirit in the USA.

6.) Philadelphia--1900 A. D. until the Rapture.

7.) Laodicea-- The Rapture to just before the 6th seal. The Laodicea, you might say, actually overlaps Philadelphia and starts earlier because that tendency of luke warmness is already in the church.

History

Martin Luther (1483 – 1546)

Nail his 95 Theses (complaints) the chapel door in 1517 and launched the Protestant Reformation

Council Of Trent (1545–1563)

Planning of a Catholic counter-reformation

Francisco Ribera (1537–1591)

Published a Commentary of Revelation in 1585 in which he proposed the following new concepts:

A yet future period of 3½ literal years, immediately prior to the second coming, in which the Roman Catholic Church would fall away from the pope into apostasy.

That the ‘antichrist’ would:

Be a single individual

Persecute and blaspheme the saints of God.

Rebuild the temple in Jerusalem.

Abolish the Christian religion.

Deny Jesus Christ.

Be received by the Jews.

Pretend to be God.

Kill the two witnesses of God.

Conquer the world.

Manuel Diaz Lacunza S.J. (1731 - 1801) (pen-name Juan Josafat Ben-Ezra) – “The Coming of Messiah”

Thomas Chalmers (1780 – 1847)

Gap Theory – Gap of time between Genesis 1: and 1:2: Lucifer’s fall, rebellion, flood that led to the destruction of original creation. Genesis 1:2 begins a re-creation story rather than a description of the original creation.

Scottish Free Church

Edward Irving (1792 – 1834)

translated & published Lacunza in 1827,

introduced millennialism to Plymouth Brethren

Holy Catholic Apostolic Church, in 1832

John Nelson Darby (1800 – 1882)

1827 – after horse accident had a revelation of the Kingdom/Church distinction, 2 chosen peoples

Father of Dispensationalism

Plymouth Brethren

Clarence Larkin (1850–1924)

Published “Dispensational Truth”in 1918

Cyrus Ingerson Scofield (1843 - 1921)

Published the Scofield Reference Bible in 1909, millions of years and futurism

Finis Jennings Dake (1902-1987)

Published the Dake Reference Bible,millions of years and futurism