INTRO to CELL BIO - Chapters 1, 2, & 3

NAME ______

INTRO TO CELL BIO - Chapters 1, 2, & 3

(Each one counts 2 points)

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Circle the letter for the answer that best completes the statement.

The atom that is special to living things because it can bond to 4 other atoms at the same time to make rings, chains, and many different molecules is ______.

A. hydrogen

B. oxygen

C. carbon

D. sodium

Lipids are different from other macromolecules because they ______

A. are hydrophilic

B. contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1

C. dissolve easily in water

D. form large protein molecules

E. are hydrophobic and don’t dissolve in water

Glycogen, cellulose, and starch are all examples of ______.

A. proteins

B. polysaccharides

C. nucleic acids

D. lipids

E. phospholipids

Which 2 kinds of molecules combine to form cell membranes?

A. nucleic acids and carbohydrates

B. phospholipids and glycogen

C. carbohydrates and starch

D. phospholipids and proteins

E. polysaccharides and RNA

Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil are all ______

A. amino acids used to make proteins

B. carbohydrates used to make polysaccharides

C. lipids used to make phospholipids

D. nitrogen bases used to make nucleotides

The positively charged particlesin an atom are the ______.

A. protons

B. neutrons

C. electrons

D. ions

E. subunits

Atoms with an electric charge that have gained or lost electrons are called ______

1. lipids
2. neutrons
3. polar
4. ions
5. phospholipids

DNA and RNA are examples of ______

1. proteins
2. nucleic acids
3. carbohydrates
4. amino acids
5. lipids

Which part of a phospholipid molecule is hydrophobic?

A. the glycerol/phosphate “head”

B. the lipid “tails”

Humans are ______.

1. unicellular autotrophs
2. multicellular autotrophs
3. unicellular heterotrophs
4. multicellular heterotrophs

______are found IN THE NUCLEUS of atoms.

1. Protons and electrons
2. Protons and neutrons
3. Electrons and neutrons
4. Protons, neutrons, and electrons

The NITROGEN BASE you would find in RNA but NOT DNA is ______.

1. adenine
2. Cytosine
3. Thymine
4. Guanine
5. Uracil

Reactants in an enzyme catalyzed chemical reaction are called ______

A. polymers

B. products

C. substrates

D. organics

Which type of macromolecule are enzymes?

A. carbohydrates

B. lipids

C. nucleic acids

D. proteins

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by ______.

A. decreasing the activation energy

B. increasing the activation energy

C. making more hydrogen bonds

D. changing the pH of the solution

All of the following molecules are made by joining subunits using dehydration synthesis except

A. lipids

B. polysaccharides

C. proteins

D. nucleic acids

Identify the chemical reaction shown at the left:
A. hydrolysis

B. dehydration synthesis

MATCH THE WORD WITH ITS DEFINITION.
______Another name for a living thingA. HETEROTROPH

B. EVOLUTION

______Science that studies all living thingsC. STIMULUS

D. STEM CELL

______A signal to which organisms respondE. HOMEOSTASIS

F. METABOLISM

______The process in which organisms, as a group, G. BIOLOGY

undergo change over timeH. DIFFERENTIATION

I. AUTOTROPH

______process in which organisms keep their internalJ. ORGANISM

conditions fairly constant

______The process in which cells undergo change to become

different kinds of cells with different functions

______Embryonic cell with the ability to become all the

different possible cell types

______the sum of all of the chemical reactions that build up

and break down molecules in a cell

______Organisms that can use energy from the sun to make

their own food

______Organisms that CAN’T make their own food and must

get their energy by eating other organisms

**************

Match the molecule with its function:

______Carbohydrate fuel molecule burned by cells for energy

______Nucleotide made from a ribose sugar, adenine, and A. PHOSPHOLIPIDS

3 phosphates which stores and transports ENERGY B. GLUCOSE

C. CELLULOSE

______Protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen D. GLYCOGEN

to the body cellsE. HEMOGLOBIN

F. ATP

______Protein hormone missing in people with diabetes thatG. STARCH

tells cells to save glucose as glycogenH. GLYCOPROTEINS

I. DNA

______Molecule with a glycerol/phosphate head andJ. INSULIN

2 lipid tails that is used to make cell membranes

______Structural polysaccharide that makes plants “sturdy”

______Polysaccharide used by ANIMAL cells to store glucose

______Nucleic acid whose sequence makes up the genetic code

______Polysaccharide used by PLANT cells to store glucose

______Membrane protein with carbohydrates attached that

helps cells identify “self” and is important in blood types,

transplants, and recognizing germs

**************

MATCH EACH COMPONENT IN THE ENZYME CATALYZED REACTION BELOW WITH ITS NAME BY WRITING THE LETTER ON THE LINE PROVIDED.

_____ ENZYME

_____ SUBSTRATE

_____ PRODUCTS

_____ ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX

_____ ACTIVE SITE

MATCH THE MOLECULE WITH ITS PICTURE:

______GLUCOSE

______NUCLEOTIDE

______AMINO ACID

______ATP

______GLYCOPROTEIN

______PHOSPHOLIPID

AB C D

E F

TRUE or FALSE

Circle T if the statement is TRUE
Circle F if the statement in FALSE

TFPOLAR molecules are HYDROPHILIC.

TFGlucose is a POLYSACCHARIDE.

TFThe 20 different polysaccharides used to make proteins differ in what is attached in their R group position.

TFWater is a POLAR molecule.

TFDuring SEXUAL REPRODUCTION offspring are produced from the genetic material
of only one parent.

**************

MATCH THE MACROMOLECULE WITH ITS DESCRIPTION

______These macromolecule are made by joining amino acid

subunits in long chains and they provide a wide variety

of functions in cellsA. LIPIDS

B. PROTEINS

______These molecules are made from carbon, hydrogen, C. CARBOHYDRATES

and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio and are a D. NUCLEIC ACIDS

major source of energy in cells

______These macromolecules store and carry information

and are made fromnucleotide subunits

______These molecules include fats, oils, waxes, & steroids and are

made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms in long chains or multiple rings

SHORT ANSWER:

Tell one reason water is important to living things. You learned 4.
______

Name one environmental condition that can cause an enzyme to denature.

______

Explain why denaturing en enzyme can make it work poorly or not at all.

______

LIST 3 CHARACTERISTICS SHARED BY ALL LIVING THINGS:
______

______

Tell one way DNA is different than RNA:

MATCH THE SUBUNIT WITH THE MACROMOLECULE IT MAKES:

______POLYSACCHARIDES

______NUCLEIC ACIDS

______PROTEINS

A B C

***************

MATCH THE ATOM/ION WITH ITS SYMBOL: (1 point each)

_____ CARBON______CALCIUM ION
_____ SULFUR______SODIUM ION

_____ HYDROGEN ______POTASSIUM ION

_____ OXYGEN______CHLORIDE ION

_____ PHOSPHORUS______HYDROGEN ION

_____ NITROGEN

***************

BONUS QUESTIONS:

Give the chemical formula for glucose ______

ATP synthase is a molecule found on all living things. Do you think its an enzyme?

Explain your answer.

______

What does ATP stand for?

______

NAME ______

INTRO TO CELL BIO - Chapters 1 & 2

(Each one counts 2 points)

MATCH THE VOCAB WORD WITH ITS DEFINITION:

______Another name for a living thingA. STEM CELL

B. METABOLISM

______Science that studies all living thingsC. HOMEOSTASIS

D. DIFFERENTIATION

______A signal to which organisms respondE. EVOLUTION

F. ORGANISM

______The process in which organisms, as a group, G. BIOLOGY

undergo change over timeH. STIMULUS

I. HETEROTROPH

______process in which organisms keep their internalJ. AUTOTROPH

conditions fairly constant

______Organisms that can use energy from the sun to make

their own food

______Organisms that CAN’T make their own food and must

get their energy by eating other organisms

______The process in which cells undergo change to become

different kinds of cells with different functions

______Embryonic cell with the ability to become all the

different possible cell types

______the sum of all of the chemical reactions that build up

and break down molecules in a cell

**************

______POLYSACCHARIDES

______NUCLEIC ACIDS

______PROTEINS

A B C

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Circle the letter for the answer that best completes the statement.

The atom that is special to living things because it can bond to 4 other atoms at the same time to make rings, chains, and many different molecules is ______.

A. hydrogen

B. oxygen

C. carbon

D. sodium

Lipids are different from other macromolecules because they ______

A. are hydrophilic

B. contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1

C. dissolve easily in water

D. form large protein molecules

E. are hydrophobic and don’t dissolve in water

Glycogen, cellulose, and starch are all examples of ______.

A. proteins

B. polysaccharides

C. nucleic acids

D. lipids

E. phospholipids

Which 2 kinds of molecules combine to form cell membranes?

A. nucleic acids and carbohydrates

B. phospholipids and glycogen

C. carbohydrates and starch

D. phospholipids and proteins

E. polysaccharides and RNA

Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil are all ______

A. amino acids used to make proteins

B. carbohydrates used to make polysaccharides

C. lipids used to make phospholipids

D. nitrogen bases used to make nucleotides

The positively charged particles in an atom are the ______.

A. protons

B. neutrons

C. electrons

D. ions

E. subunits

Atoms with an electric charge are called ______

A. lipids

B. neutrons

C. polar

D. ions

E. phospholipids

DNA and RNA are examples of ______

A. proteins

B. nucleic acids

C. carbohydrates

D. amino acids

E. lipids

Which part of a phospholipid molecule is hydrophobic?

A. the glycerol/phosphate “head”

B. the lipid “tails”

Humans are ______.

A. unicellular autotrophs

B. multicellular autotrophs

C. unicellular heterotrophs

D. multicellular heterotrophs

______are found in the NUCLEUS of atoms.

A. Protons and electrons

B. Protons and neutrons

C. Electrons and neutrons

D. Protons, neutrons, and electrons

The NITROGEN BASE you would find in RNA but NOT DNA is ______.

A. Adenine

B. Cytosine

C. Thymine

D. Guanine

E. Uracil

Reactants in an enzyme catalyzed chemical reaction are called ______

A. polymers

B. products

C. substrates

D. organics

Which type of macromolecule are enzymes?

A. carbohydrates

B. lipids

C. nucleic acids

D. proteins

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by ______.

A. decreasing the activation energy

B. increasing the activation energy

C. making more hydrogen bonds

D. changing the pH of the solution

All of the following molecules are made by joining subunits using dehydration synthesis except

A. nucleic acids

B. polysaccharides

C. proteins

D. lipids

Identify the chemical reaction shown at the left:
A. dehydration synthesis

B. hydrolysis

Match the molecule with its function:

______Carbohydrate fuel molecule burned by cells for energy

______Nucleotide made from a ribose sugar, adenine, and A GLYCOPROTEINS

3 phosphates which stores and transports ENERGY B. ATP

C. STARCH

______Protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen D. PHOSPHOLIPIDS

to the body cellsE. INSULIN

F. HEMOGLOBIN

______Protein hormone missing in people with diabetes thatG. CELLULOSE

tells cells to save glucose as glycogenH. DNA

I. GLYCOGEN

______Molecule with a glycerol/phosphate head andJ. GLUCOSE

2 lipid tails that is used to make cell membranes

______Structural polysaccharide that makes plants “sturdy”

______Polysaccharide used by ANIMAL cells to store glucose

______Nucleic acid whose sequence makes up the genetic code

______Polysaccharide used by PLANT cells to store glucose

______Membrane protein with carbohydrates attached that

helps cells identify “self” and is important in blood types,

transplants, and recognizing germs

**************

MATCH EACH COMPONENT IN THE ENZYME CATALYZED REACTION BELOW WITH ITS NAME BY WRITING THE LETTER ON THE LINE PROVIDED.

_____ PRODUCTS

_____ SUBSTRATE

_____ ACTIVE SITE

_____ ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX

_____ ENZYME

MATCH THE MACROMOLECULE WITH ITS DESCRIPTION

______These macromolecule are made by joining amino acid

subunits in long chains and they provide a wide variety

of functions in cellsA. PROTEINS

B. LIPIDS

______These molecules are made from carbon, hydrogen, C. NUCLEIC ACIDS

and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio and are a D. CARBOHYDRATES

major source of energy in cells

______These macromolecules store and carry information

and are made fromnucleotide subunits

______These molecules include fats, oils, waxes, & steroids and are

made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms in long chains or multiple rings

**************

TRUE or FALSE

Circle T if the statement is TRUE
Circle F if the statement in FALSE

TFPOLAR molecules are HYDROPHILIC.

TFGlucose is a POLYSACCHARIDE.

TFThe 20 different polysaccharides used to make proteins differ in what is attached in their R group position.

TFWater is a POLAR molecule.

TFDuring SEXUAL REPRODUCTION offspring are produced from the genetic material
of only one parent.

MATCH THE MOLECULE WITH ITS PICTURE:

______AMINO ACID

______GLUCOSE

______GLYCOPROTEIN

______PHOSPHOLIPID

______NUCLEOTIDE

______ATP

AB C D

E F

MATCH THE ATOM/ION WITH ITS SYMBOL:
(1 point each)

_____ CARBON______CALCIUM ION
_____ SULFUR______SODIUM ION

_____ HYDROGEN ______POTASSIUM ION

_____ OXYGEN______CHLORIDE ION

_____ PHOSPHORUS______HYDROGEN ION

_____ NITROGEN

***************

SHORT ANSWER:

Tell one reason water is important to living things.

______

Name one environmental condition that can cause an enzyme to denature.

______

Explain why denaturing en enzyme can make it work poorly or not at all.

______

LIST 3 CHARACTERISTICS SHARED BY ALL LIVING THINGS:
______

______

Tell one way DNA is different than RNA:

***************

BONUS QUESTIONS:

Give the chemical formula for glucose ______

ATP synthase is a molecule found on all living things. Do you think its an enzyme?

Explain your answer.

______

What does ATP stand for?

______