Acid and base lab summaries
Intro to Acids and Bases:Super Short Demos
What is an electrolyte?
Why do they conduct electricity?
Mark each of the following as a good electrolyte, a poor electrolyte or not an
electrolyte.
______strong acid______NaOH
______weak acid______HCl
______water______weak base
______milk______strong base
______vinegar______salt water
What is an indicator?
What are these good indicators for (acids, bases or both)? Tell how it indicates that.
______phenolphthalein
______red litmus paper
______Hydrion strips
______bromothymol blue
______blue litmus paper
______red cabbage juice
What’s the most dangerous substance at Home?
Common household acids include…
Common household bases include…
pH 3 is ______times less basic than pH 7
pH 9 is 1000 times more basic than pH ______
pH 7 is 100,000 times less acidic/basic (circle one) than pH 2
pH 14 is 1000 times more/less (circle one) basic than pH 11
How can you tell when a solution is neutral?
When you add a known amount of acid or base to an unknown amount in the
presence of an indicator, this is called a ______. The concentration where the original amount and the amount you added are equal is called the ______.
In a neutralization reaction, acid and base are added to together to form
______and a ______.
HCl breaks down into ______and ______when placed in water. If I
have 100mL of HCl, how much NaOH will I need to neutralize it? Explain.
H2SO4 breaks down into ______and ______when placed in water.
If I have 100mL of H2SO4, how much NaOH will I need to neutralize it? Explain.
H3PO4 breaks down into ______and ______when placed in water.
If I have 100mL of H3PO4, how much NaOH will I need to neutralize it? Explain.
Predict what salt would form from these reactions and balance them…
_____ HCl + _____ NaOH _____ H2O+ _____
_____ H2SO4 + _____ NaOH _____ H2O+ _____
_____ HCl + _____ Ca(OH)2 _____ H2O+ _____
_____ H3PO4 + _____ Ca(OH)2 _____ H2O+ _____
Intro to Acids and Bases: Super Short Demos
What is an electrolyte?
A liquid that conducts electricity
Why do they conduct electricity?
Because they ionize (break down into ions in water)
Mark each of the following as a good electrolyte, a poor electrolyte or not an
electrolyte.
_good_ strong acid_ good _ NaOH
_ poor _ weak acid_ good _ HCl
_ not _ water_ poor _ weak base
_ poor _ milk__ good_ strong base
_ poor _ vinegar_ good _ salt water
What is an indicator?
Changes color in presence of an acid or base
What are these good indicators for (acids bases or both)? Tell how it indicates that.
_base_ phenolphthaleinturns from clear to pink
_ base_ red litmus paperturns from red to blue
_both_ Hydrion stripsturns from yellow too many colors
__acid_ bromothymol blueturns from blue to yellow
_ acid _ blue litmus paperturns from blue to red
_ both_ red cabbage juiceturns from purple to many colors
What’s the most dangerous substance at Home?
Common household acids include…
(from the lab)
pop, vinegar, orange juice, gatorade,
Common household bases include…
(from the lab)
milk, ammonia, antacid, drano, soap, window cleaner
pH 3 is _10,000_ times less basic than pH 7
pH 9 is 1000times more basic than pH _6_
pH 7 is 100,000 times less acidic/basic (circle one) than pH 2
pH 14 is 1000 times more/less (circle one) basic than pH 11
How can you tell when a solution is neutral?
When you add a know amount of acid or base to an unknown amount in the
presence of an indicator, this is called a _ titration_. The concentration where the original amount and the amount you added are equal is called the _ equivalence_ _point_.
In a neutralization reaction, acid and base are added to together to form
_water_ and a _salt _. (The H+ and OH- come together to form water, so the other ions form the salt, but you still have to balance out the charges!)
HCl breaks down into _____H+______and ______Cl-______when placed in water. If I have 100mL of HCl, how much NaOH will I need to neutralize it? Explain.
100 mL…you will need 100mL of OH- ions to neutralize the H+ ions.
H2SO4 breaks down into _____2 H+______and ____SO42-______when placed in water. If I have 100mL of H2SO4, how much NaOH will I need to neutralize it? Explain.
200 mL…you will need twice as many OH- ions to neutralize the two H+ ions.
H3PO4 breaks down into ____3 H+______and ______PO43-______when placed in water.
If I have 100mL of H3PO4, how much NaOH will I need to neutralize it? Explain.
300 mL…you will need three times as many OH- ions to neutralize the three H+ ions.
Predict what salt would form from these reactions… (don’t worry about writing the
balanced equation, although you should be able to.)
_____ HCl + _____ NaOH _____ H2O+ _____ NaCl
_____ H2SO4 + __2__ NaOH __2__ H2O+ _____ Na2SO4
__2__ HCl + _____ Ca(OH)2 __2__ H2O+ _____ CaCl2
__2__ H3PO4 + __3__ Ca(OH)2 __6__ H2O+ _____ Ca3(PO4)2