Instinctual Theory
Motivation -
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
Instinctual Theory
Reproduction
Defense
Drive Reduction Theory
Need
Psychological Needs
Achievement
Affiliation
Power
Drive
Primary Drive (satiation)
Secondary (Acquired) Drive (no satiation)
Homeostasis
Arousal Approach
Need for Stimulation
Too much Arousal = Stress
Sensation Seeking Behavior
Incentive Approach
Incentive
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Deficiency Needs
Growth Needs
Self Determination Theory (SDT)
Autonomy
Competence
Relatedness
Internal Vs External Locus of Control
Hunger
Physiology:
Minnesota Starvation Experiment
Cannon & Washburn’s study of stomach contractions
Role of Hypothalamus
Basal metabolic Rate
Hormones
glucose & insulin
leptin
obestatin
ghrelin
PYY
Psychology
Study of amnesiacs
Taste
Aversion & preference
Stress -> Starch
Sugar/Salt
role of conditioning
Disorders
anorexia-nervosa
bulimia nervosa
binge-eating disorder
Obesity & Weight
Health &
Social Discrimination
Physiology of
fat cells
base metabolic rate
Genetics of
Environmental factors
Need for Belonging
Evolutionary advantages
Ostracism
pain processing
effects of
Sexual Motivation
Correlations of abstinence
Abstinence only teaching
Internal Stimuli
Sexual response cycle
Excitement
Plateau
Orgasm
Resolution
Refractory Period
External Stimuli
Gender Diff?
Negative effects of sexually explicit images?
Psychology of Sex
Imagined stimuli
Adolescent sex
STI’s
Sexual Orientation
Constants
Adolescence and
Causes
Prenatal Influence
The Brain
Genetics
Emotion
3 aspects
Arousal
Behavior
Cognition of
Physiological Aspects
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Nucleus Accumbens
Left Frontal Lobe - Pleasant emotions
Right Frontal Lobe - Unpleasant Emotions
Right Brain - Facial Expressions
Nonverbal Cues
Facial Expressions (Which are Universal, and if they are universal what does that tell us?)
Body Language (Misleading? - Statue of David)
Theories of Emotion
James-Lange
Cannon-Bard
Schachter-Singer
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
Lazarus & Cognitive Mediational Theory
Sociocultural Aspects
interpretation & labeling of emotions
Display Rules
Be able to recognize examples from class
Fear
Physiological Aspects (amygdala and ANS arousal)
Evolutionary Aspects
Environmental Aspects
Personal Experience
Social Context
Cognitive Interpretation
Desensitization
Happiness
Associated Hormones
Dopamine
Serotonin
Oxytocin
Endorphins
Adaptation-level phenomenon
Relative Deprivation
Subjective Experiences - Cognition & Emotion
Spillover Effect
‘Low Road’ - Emotion precedes Cognition
‘High Road’ - Cognition Precedes Emotion
Fundamental Emotions
Izzard - joy excitement surprise sadness anger disgust contempt fear shame guilt
Anger -
Catharsis (drawbacks)
Escalation, (emotional) feedback, ‘Venting’ (doesn’t work), Reinforcing
How to reduce anger
Mood Disorders –
Major depressive disorder
Mania
Bipolar disorder
Stress & Health -
Physiological reactions
Stressors -> stress response - ‘Stress’
Short Term Benefits of Stress
Motivator / Boosts Immune System
Fight or Flight?
Stress Response System (Epinephrine/Norepinephrine)
What provokes it? & What is the response?
Cerebral Cortex (Hypothalamus/Pituitary) Releases Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)
How does the SRS & Cortex work together?
Other responses to Stress
Withdraw
Tend & Befriend
Gender Diff.
GAS - General Adaptation Syndrome
Phase 1 - Alarm - SNS aroused
Phase 2 - Resistance - Hormones Kick In
Phase 3 - Hormones depleted - Exhaustion
Effects of Prolonged Stress
Telomeres / Premature Aging
3 types of Stressors
Stress & The Heart
Coronary Heart Disease
Stress & Personality as predictors (Type A & B Personality)
Type ‘A’ as ‘Combat Ready’
Stress & Disease
Psychophysiological
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
2 Types of Blood Cells - B Lymphocytes & T Lymphocytes (B = Bone T = Thymus)
Macrophage (Big Eater)
Natural Killer Cells
Gender Diff in Immune System
Immune System can Overreact
Immune System can Underreact
Effects of Stress on AIDS & Cancer
Use the Multiple Choice Q’s AND Essay Q’s on my site to practice!