Illinois Open 2002
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Packet by Indiana University (Mica Hilson, Wesley Mathews, Kevin Pearce, Mike Tsybulevski)
Tossups
1. This man’s philosophy has been described as a direct attack on uniformitarianism for its assertion that the idea that the future will resemble the past is a matter of belief rather than reason, an idea he put forth in his 1755 work, History of Natural Religion. That work also argued that causality is a simple conjunction of two impressions, and that the sequence of events called history is only a sequence of perceptions. FTP, name this skeptic philosopher who argued against belief as a measure of personal identity in A Treatise of Human Nature, a work whose first book he simplified in An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
Answer: David Hume
2. Formed in Los Angeles in 1980 as part of the "paisley underground" movement, their first LP, 1984's All Over the Place produced two almost-hits, "Going Down to Liverpool" and "Hero Takes a Fall." Their next two albums, 1986's Different Light and 1988's Everything, would be much more successful, though their success was cut short by lead singer Susanna Hoffs decision to leave for a solo career in 1990. In the interim, however, they racked up five Top 5 hits, beginning with the Prince-penned "Manic Monday." FTP, name this group who scored the #1 hits "Eternal Flame" and "Walk Like an Egyptian."
Answer: The Bangles
3. Like alcohols, they can be activated due to protonation of hydrogen iodide and are unreactive toward nucleophilic substitution. Unlike alcohols, however, they are unable to combine with sulfonyl chloride. Those which have an oxygen incorporated into three-membered rings are called epoxides, and the "crown" variety are cyclic molecules with several of its namesake linkages. For 10 points-name these compounds containing an oxygen attached to two alkyl substituents, named for their pleasing aroma.
Answer:ether
4. Its author received his name from Mahmud of Ghazni, whom he impressed with its story of Isfendiyar and the son of Zal. This work ends with the death of Yezgird and the return to Zaboul of Feramorz after the chief hero slays Shugdad. Early heroes like Zohak and Kaiumers interact with religious figures from the Zend-Avesta in the first sections, which were written by Daqiqi of Tus. Matthew Arnold drew inspiration from a more famous section, which discusses the combat of Sohrab and Rustam. FTP, name this near 60,000 line poem, a work of Firdousi, the national epic of Persia.
Answer: the Shah Nama or Book of Kings
5. The greatest king of this people was the prototype for the Nibelungenlied’s Dietrich von Bern. Following the death of their last queen Amalasuntha, their kingdom was invaded by Belisarius. Their ruling power came from Xeno, who had freed them from the Huns and commissioned them to depose Odoacer. Another famous event during their rule was the execution of Boethius. FTP, name this people originally of southern Scandinavia, whose best known ruler was Theodoric the Great, and who, until the 3rd century, shared their culture with Visigoths.
Answer: the Ostrogoths
6. His earliest recordings were made in the late 1950’s, while attending the Lenox School of Jazz in Massachusetts. He burst onto the jazz scene in 1959, when he released a series of recordings on Atlantic records entitled “The Shape of Jazz to Come.” Yet his most influential recording came the next year, with a piece for double jazz quartet that consisted entirely of a 37-minute sustained, collective improvisation. FTP, name this saxophonist, who became the most prominent influence on avant-garde jazz in the 1960’s with his release of “Free Jazz.”
Ornette Coleman
7. A nationally ranked tennis-player as a teenager, he later turned to writing, although his best known work is partially set at the fictional Enfield Tennis Academy. His first novel, The Broom of the System was published in 1987, and his subsequent short story collection, The Girl with the Curious Hair, furthered critical comparisons with Pynchon and Barth. More recently, he has published a collection of essays, A Supposedly Fun Thing I'll Never Do Again, and one of short stories, Brief Interviews with Hideous Men. FTP, name this author best known for the copiously footnoted, 1,079 page novel Infinite Jest.
Answer: David Foster Wallace
8.Recent exploration of the Gakkel Ridge using MAPR robots in this body of water has discovered an exposure of the Moho. The Alpha and Nansen Cordilleras separate its central portion from the outer portions, forming the Makarov and Fran Basins, which are separated by the Lomonosov Ridge. The Jan Mayen and Svalbard fracture zones are found along its south, and features of the continental shelf that makes up 50% of its underwater topography include Vrangelia Island and the Franz Jozef Archipelago. FTP, name this body of water further divided into Kara, East Siberian and Barents Seas.
Answer: Arctic Ocean
9. One version of this equation predicts the occurrence of redulation based on the positive or negative slope of the solid-liquid phase boundary in the inverse temperature versus pressure field. Its most common form states that the derivative of the natural logarithm of pressure with respect to temperature equals the heat of phase change divided by the product of the universal gas constant and temperature squared. FTP, name this thermodynamic equation which, though it is readily applicable to solids, typically relates the molar enthalpy of vaporization to the temperature and pressure of a gas.
Answer: Clausius-Clapeyron Equation
10. A daughter of Cebren bore him Corythus after his rejection caused by a prophecy of Aesacus. Agelaus receives the assignment to abandon him, but returns to find him being suckled by a she-bear, and raises him on Mt. Ida. Lesser known men killed by this warrior are Cleodorus, Demoleon and Euchenor. His first wife Oenone refuses to heal the wounds he suffered at the hands of Philoctetes, leading to his death. FTP, name this youngest son of Priam and Hecuba who granted the apple of discord to Aphrodite in exchange for the love of Helen, whose kidnapping by him sparked the Trojan War.
Answer: Paris
11. At issue in this case was the equal sovereignty of state and federal governments, for its decision contained a clause stating that state legislation may be enacted in areas reserved to the federal government only if concurrent jurisdiction is possible. The chief justice argued that Article I, section 8 of the Constitution did not allow the state in question to grant a monopoly to Fulton and Livingston, and that the plaintiff was entitled to run a rival steamboat service between New York City and the ports of New Jersey. FTP, name this 1824 decision of John Marshall that established congressional control over interstate commerce.
Answer: Gibbons versus Ogden
12. Fourteen classes of nouns distinguished by inflecting prefixes used to pluralize words exist in this language, two of which are the Ki-Vi and M-Wa classes, which carry over to verbs of which the noun is the subject. In the 8th and 9th centuries it was pidginized through extensive borrowing from Arabic, from which it takes its own name meaning “of the coast.” Dialects of this lingua franca include the Mvita of Malindi and the Unguja dialect of Zanzibar. FTP, name this language of the Niger-Kordofanian family, the most widely understood African tongue East Africa.
Answer: Swahili
13. According to the Winchester Manuscripts, the publisher of this man’s most famous work gave it an erroneous title stemming from its final tale. Caxton’s Preface to that work, a series of eight romances, reveals he was a knight of Warwickshire who likely completed his work during a prison term for extortion. His sources included Welsh tales like “Kulhwch and Owen,” and the “Quest du Saint Graal,” a completion of Chrietien de Troyes’ Percival. FTP, name this author, whose Tristram of Lyoness and Sir Lancelot du Lac appear in his collection Le Morte d’Arthur.
Answer: Sir Thomas Malory
14. The first military units arrived at nearby Quinua to gather supplies before marching west three days before this battle. Their opponents pitched camp at Condorcuna Hill. Hostilities began on the morning of December 9th when the two opposing Generals, Villalobos and Cordova, attempted to attack each other’s left flank. In the ensuing confusion, La Serna’s men believed they had broken the Republican line and moved to cut the route to Lima, but were undone by a successful cavalry charge by Sucre. FTP, name this 1824 victory over Royalist forces that secured Peruvian independence from Spain.
Answer: Battle of Ayacucho
15. While with the New York Mets, he combined with San Francisco’s William Van Landingham for the record for the two longest last names in a pitching matchup. After a stellar rookie season in 1995, injuries that included a battle with tuberculosis sent his career into a tailspin. He was eventually traded to Oakland in 1999, where he was converted to a closer. FTP, name this stopper who is now plying his trade with the St. Louis Cardinals.
Answer: Jason Isringhausen
16. This form can be used to model the reflection of an infinitely distant light source in a hypothetical two-dimensional mirror with shape approximating the exponential curve. The involute or evolute of this curve beginning at the vertex is a tractrix, and its radial is known as the Kampyle of Eudoxus. This form is produced from the rolling of a parabola along the x-axis with the focus set at its pole. Defined as the curve of the function hyperbolic cosine of x, FTP, name this Cartesian curve proved by Huygens to predict the shape of an ideal flexible rope suspended from its ends.
Answer: Catenary
17. Among the building projects begun during this man’s reign are the Ak-Saray palace in Sakhrisabz, Gawhar Shad’s Mausoleum in Herat, and the turquoise-domed Bibi Khan Mosque he ordered completed for his favorite wife Saray Mulk, through whom he justified his rule and conquests. He made the Registan the centerpiece of his capital city, from which he launched the campaigns that buried the Sultanate of Delhi and the cities of Aleppo and Baghdad at the turn of the 15th century. At Angora he defeated Bayezid I, carrying him back to Samarkand a prisoner. FTP, name this conqueror best known for his pyramids of skulls.
Answer: Timur the Lame (Accept Tamerlane)
18. According to Lezlie Laws Couch, this poem was written in a moment of despair while looking out a window after the author spent the night trying to save the life of a young Passaic girl. A pause between lines 3 and 4 breaks the title object into its two components in keeping with the author’s idea of a verbal picture. The title object’s color is purposefully enhanced, described as “glazed with rain water,” and located “beside the white chickens.” FTP, name this famous short still-life poem by William Carlos Williams.
Answer: “The Red Wheelbarrow”
19. Its principal cells are composed of the proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and the glomerular capsule. The countercurrent multiplier process takes place in another part, the loops of Henle. These are located in the medulla, while the cortex contains namesake corpuscles. Nitrogenous compounds accumulate in the collecting ducts, which lead to the pelvis of the organ, which connects in turn to the ureter. FTP, Name this organ made up of Nephrons, where urine is concentrated.
Answer: Kidney
20. This man’s poems were salvaged by Asinius Pollio, who introduced his work to Maecenas, thus sparing him from eviction. Against his wishes, his most famous work was edited by Varius and Tucca rather than destroyed after his death on a return trip from Athens. His typical influences were Greek poets like Hesiod, who inspired his pastoral Georgics. FTP, name this epic poet whose Eclogues emulated Theocritus’ Bucolics, best remembered for The Aeneid.
Answer: Vergil (accept: Publius Vergilius Maro)
Bonus Questions
1. Name these various agreements dealing with WWI related fallout FTPE.
A: Germany agreed to alter its boundaries with Czechoslovakia and Poland only by arbitration, and Germany was promised entry into the League of Nations. Hitler renounced this 1925 pact when he remilitarized the Rhineland.
Answer: Locarno Pact
B: More properly known as the Pact of Paris, it was signed between 15 nations that renounced war as an instrument of national policy. It was named for a French foreign minister and a U.S. Secretary of State.
Answer: Kellogg-Briand Pact
C: In this 1919 treaty with the Allies, Bulgaria ceded Western Thrace to Greece and agreed to limit its army to 20,000 men.
Answer: Treaty of Neuilly
2. 30-20-10-5, identify the following.
(30): The first one in the Islamic world was instituted by the caliph Moavia and was called the berid, from the name of the towers constructed to protect its employees.
(20): The world’s first one was invented by Assyrian emperor Tiglathpilesar III, who used it to hasten the implementation of imperial decrees.
(10): The Roman one, called the cursus publicus, contained rapid and slower options drawn by rhedae or birolae carts.
(5): The service in English takes its name from the Latin for the messenger’s places of rest, and the term for the messages themselves comes from the bag the Teutonic Knights used to deliver them.
Answer: postal service (accept mail delivery service before the 5 point clue)
3. Name these religious structures FTPE:
A: Access to shrines on the summits of these temple pyramids was provided by either a series of ramps on one side or by a spiral ramp that circled the entire structure. Notable ones are the ruined examples at Ur and Khorsabad. The Tower of Babel legend may stem from the construction of a large one prior to 3000BCE.
Answer: ziggurats
B: This is the distinctive pi-shaped gateway erected along the approach to a Shinto shrine. Its function is to guard the sacredness of the shrine from the surrounding profane world.
Answer: torii
c. (10) The most famous of the grdwaras, or Sikh places or worship, is this building is the Golden Temple in this city.
Answer: Amritsar
4. Aldous Huxley novels FTPE:
A: Among the minor characters of this novel is the inspiration for a character from The Waste Land, the sorceress of Ecbatana, Madame Sosostris. Its protagonist is poet Denis Stone, who attempts to win the heart of Anne during his holiday at the title estate of Henry Wimbush.
Answer: Chrome Yellow
B: After meeting Mustafa Mond the controller, a savage imported from New Mexico cannot reconcile his belief in moral choice and the immoral experiments of which he is a part, and commits suicide.
Answer: Brave New World
C: Taking its title from Milton’s Samson Agonistes, its protagonist Anthony Beavis is led to Mexico by the Marxist Mark Staithes, where he finds faith after losing a leg.
Answer: Eyeless in Gaza
5. Identify the following about the Endoplasmic Reticulum FTPE:
A: The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum bears these spherical bodies that make up about 25% of the dry weight of cells during protein formation. Their primary function is to translate mRNA information into protein sequences.
Answer: ribosomes
B: After being synthesized by ribosomes, new proteins are stored in these flattened sacs that make up the sheets of the ER before being coated with a protective covering.
Answer: cisternae
C: After losing their protective COPII coat, proteins are transported via budding through this network that connects the ER to the Golgi Complex.
Answer: Vesicular-Tubular Cluster or Complex
6. Identify the team that did not make it out of the group play round of the 2002 FIFA World Cup from brief descriptions, FTPE.
A: This team, led by a Nigerian expatriate Emmanuel Olisadebe, did not score a goal in its first two matches, but came to life after being eliminated by beating United States 3-1.
Answer: Poland
B: This team, coached by Nasser Al Johar, allowed a whopping eight goals in its opener against Germany, then showed a little improvement, allowing only four goals in its final two matches, though still being held scoreless on the tournament.
Answer: Saudi Arabia
C: This team, who finished third in the 1998 World Cup, showed signs of its former self in its win against Italy but was eliminated after losing its third match to the previously-winless Ecuador.
Answer: Croatia
7. Name the following Russian abstract artists FTPE:
a. (10): His painting Le Cavalier Bleu gave its name to an expressionist art movement he founded in Munich, The Blue Rider.
Answer: Wassily Kandinsky
b. (10) This dude issued the “Realist Manifesto” with his brother, Antoine Pevsner. He changed his last name to avoid confusion with Antoine.