Unit 2Lesson 1 Representing Data
How do scientists make sense of data?
•All of the different types of scientific investigations involve the collection of ______.
•______are the facts, figures, and other evidence scientists gather when they conduct an investigation.
•Scientists organize and record their data in data ______.
How do scientists make sense of data?
•______tables often have two columns.
•One column lists the ______variable, which is the variable that is deliberately manipulated in an investigation.
•The other column lists the ______variable, which is the variable that changes as a result of manipulation of the independent variable.
How do scientists make sense of data?
•Scientists often analyze data for patterns or trends by constructing ______of the data.
•The type of graph they construct depends upon the data they collected and what they want to show.
How do scientists make sense of data?
•A ______plot is a graph with points plotted to show a possible relationship between two sets of data.
•In a scatter plot, the horizontal x-axis usually represents the______variable, and the vertical y-axis represents the ______variable.
•To show the general relationship between the two variables, a “line of best fit” may be used.
What do graphs show?
•Scientists use different types of graphs to show different types of information about data.
•A ______graph is used to display and compare data in a number of separate categories.
•A ______graph is used to show how each group of data relates to all of the data.
What kinds of patterns can be shown using graphs?
•When you graph data, you can identify what the pattern, or trend, of the data is.
•A trend shows the relationship between the two variables studied in the experiment.
•______make it easy to tell if something is increasing, decreasing, or staying the same.
What kinds of patterns can be shown using graphs?
•In some cases, a line can be used to show the trend of ______on a graph.
•If the relationship between the independent and dependent variables can be shown with a straight line, the graph is called a ______graph.
•A ______line shows that the rate of change of the dependent variable with respect to the independent variable is constant.
What kinds of patterns can be shown using graphs?
•The density of water involves a linear relationship between mass and ______
What kinds of patterns can be shown using graphs?
•A graph in which the relationship between the variables cannot be shown with a straight line is called a ______r graph.
•In a direct relationship, the value of one variable increases as the value of the other
variable ______.
•The graph of a direct relationship is an ______sloping line.
What kinds of patterns can be shown using graphs?
•In contrast, an inverse relationship is one in which the value of one variable decreases as
the other ______.
•The graph of an ______relationship is a downward sloping line.
What kinds of patterns can be shown using graphs?
•The relationship between volume and pressure for a gas at a constant temperature is a ______relationship.
How do scientists select a model?
•A model is a ______of an object or a process that allows scientists to study something in greater detail.
•The best models are those that most closely resemble the system, process, or object they
represent.
How do scientists select models?
•Scientists use many different kinds of physical and ______models.
•A ______model is something that is drawn or built, such as maps, globes, and dioramas.
•With ______models, you can predict the results of changes in a system. A computer simulation is one type of mathematical model.
How do scientists select models?
•Scientists select a model based on the kind of ______it shows and how it can be used.
•Today, many processes in science can be ______in great detail.