How Do Different Types of Mutations in Genes Affect the Function of an Organism?

How do different types of mutations in genes affect the function of an organism?

Go to the link for the mutation simulation.

This simulation will allow you to transcribe and translate a gene sequence. You will then cause mutations to happen and see what effect it has on the polypeptide strand (protein) produced.

(1) Copy down the DNA sequence, transcribe it and write down the mRNA sequence, translate it and write down the amino acid sequence. Jot notes down about the orientation of the finished strand of amino acids.

(2)Edit the DNA to have a deletionof the 7th nucleotide base. Copy down the mutated DNA sequence, transcribe it and write downthe mRNA sequence, translate it and write down the amino acid sequence. Circle any changes from what you got in the unmutated information in part 1. Jot notes down about the orientation of the finished strand of amino acids. How does this polypeptide compare to the one produced from the original DNA sequence?

(3)Reset the DNA sequence to the original sequence (unmutated). Edit the DNA to have an insertion of an extra “C” nucleotide after the 3rd base. Copy down the mutated DNA sequence, transcribe it and write down the mRNA sequence, translate it and write down the amino acid sequence. Circle any changes from what you got in the unmutated information in part 1. Jot notes down about the orientation of the finished strand of amino acids. How does this polypeptide compare to the one produced from the original DNA sequence?

(4)Reset the DNA sequence to the original sequence (unmutated). Edit the DNA to have a substitution of a “T” nucleotide in place of the “C” nucleotide that is the 21st base. Copy down the mutated sequence, transcribe it and write down the mRNA sequence, translate it and write down the amino acid sequence. Circle any changes from what you got in the unmutated information in part 1. Jot notes down about the orientation of the finished strand of amino acids. How does this polypeptide compare to the one produced from the original DNA sequence?

(5)Reset the DNA sequence to the original sequence (unmutated). Edit the DNA to have a “C” nucleotide in place of the “T” nucleotide in the 14th base. Copy down the mutated sequence, transcribe it and write down the mRNA sequence, translate it and write down the amino acid sequence. Circle any changes from what you got in the unmutated information in part 1. Jot notes down about the orientation of the finished strand of amino acids. How does this polypeptide compare to the one produced from the original DNA sequence?

(6)Finally, Reset the DNA sequence to the original sequence (unmutated). Edit the DNA to replace the 20th base, which is an “A” nucleotide, with a “T” nucleotide. Copy down the mutated sequence, transcribe it and write down the mRNA sequence, translate it and write down the amino acid sequence. Circle any changes from what you got in the unmutated information in part 1. Jot notes down about the orientation of the finished strand of amino acids. How does this polypeptide compare to the one produced from the original DNA sequence?

Now using your notes, go back and identify each type of mutation that you created. Turn in your work with both your names on the paper.