Honors Biology ECOLOGY Name ______

Honors Biology ECOLOGY Name ______

Honors Biology ECOLOGY Name ______

Feb 2012 Ch. 34-38Period ______

TAKE-HOME ASSIGNMENT

DUE: ______

(LATE PENALTY – 5 points EACH DAY)

Grade value of this packet: 50 points

  1. Concept review questions (40 points)
  2. Two activity/review sheets (10 points)

This is an independentassignment.

A quiz on ecology will follow class review of this topic.

Ecology is the subject of Unit 7 in your text, comprising Chapters 34-38.

This packet focuses on basic concepts and terminology in order to establish a sound framework in this subject, which we will then expand upon in class.

ECOLOGY CONCEPT REVIEW

TYPE your answers to the following questions in complete sentences. (Attach it to this packet.)

Chapter 34: The Biosphere

  1. How is a biome different from an ecosystem? List 4abiotic factors and 3 biotic factors that make up an ecosystem.
  2. List the terrestrial biomes. What major factors distinguish one biome from another?

Chapter 36: Population Dynamics

  1. What are some factors that control population size? What is carrying capacity?
  2. What are limiting factors? What happens when a new population is introduced to a new environment?

Chapter 37: Communities and Ecosystems

  1. What is an ecological niche? What role does competition play in shapinga community?
  2. Explain how camouflage and mimicry are adaptive advantages. Give an example of each.
  3. What is a trophic level? Which trophic level contains the most energy? How much energy is passed to each succeeding level?
  4. Describe a food web: What must every food web contain? What are primary consumers? What is a detritivore?
  5. Distinguish 3 kinds of symbiosis: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. Give an example of each.
  6. How does the way that chemicals move through the biosphere differ from the way energy flows? List four different substances that cycle between living and nonliving parts of the biosphere.

Chapter 38: Conservation Biology

  1. Name three greenhouse gases and explain how they warm the earth’s surface. Describe some physical and biological evidence for global climate change.
  2. Why does pollution affect organisms at the top of the food chain more than those at lower trophic levels?
  3. What is an algal bloom and why are they harmful?
  4. What are 2 consequences of deforestation?
  5. Explain howpollution and habitat destruction are major threats to species diversity.

Ch. 37 - Trophic Levels and Ecological Pyramids

Write True or False on the line provided.

1. Primary consumers always make up the first trophic level in a food web.

2. Ecological pyramids show the relative amount of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food web.

3. On average, about 50 percent of the energy available within one trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level.

4. The more levels that exist between a producer and a given consumer, the larger the percentage of the original energy from producers is available to that consumer.

Match the organism listed below with its trophic level in the food web illustrated. A trophic level may be used more than once.

Trophic Level

  1. primary producer
  2. first-level consumer
  3. second-level consumer
  4. third-level consumer

Organism

______5. algae

______6. grasshopper

______7. marsh grass

______8. marsh hawk

______9. plankton-eating fish

______10. ribbed mussel

______11. shrew

______12. zooplankton

Energy Pyramid

______

Ch. 37 Niches and Community Interactions

Three different finch species live in the same tree. One species feeds at the top of the tree. The second species feeds in the middle part of the tree, and the third species feeds at the bottom of the tree. Do all three species occupy the same niche? Explain.

______

______

______

Competition and Predation

Write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.

4. Competition occurs when organisms attempt to use the same resources.

5. The competitive exclusion principle states that no two organisms can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time.

6. If two species of bacteria are grown in the same culture, one species will always outcompete the other.

7. Water, types of food, sunlight, and nesting space are some of the biological resources that organisms will compete for..

Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.

8. Poisonous snakes with bright skin color are an example of

A. courtship displayC.camouflage

B. warning colorationD.mimicry

9.All the ways in which a zebra interacts with its environment constitutes its

A. ecosystemC.carrying capacity

B. communityD.niche

10. When lions and hyenas fight over a dead zebra, their interaction is called

A. competitionC. mutualism

B. mimicryD. stabilization

Symbiotic Relationships Match the example with the type of relationship.

A. mutualismB. commensalismC. parasitism

______11. a tick living on the body of a deer

______12. a bee eating a flower’s nectar and picking up the flower’s pollen

______13. a barnacle living on a whale’s skin

______14 a tapeworm living in a person’s intestine

______15. an aphid providing food to an ant in exchange for protection

______16. an alga and fungus living together to form a lichen

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